Social Influences on Behaviour Flashcards

1
Q

Social Psychology

A

study of interaction between the person and the situation

  • Behaviour is a function of the person and the environment
  • challenges freudian theories and behaviourism in regards to conditioning in the past
  • focuses on present moment- present situation is a key influence on behaviour
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2
Q

Mimicry

A

taking on behaviours, emotional displays, and facial expressions of others

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3
Q

Chameleon Effect

A

people mimic others non-consciously

i.e. laughing when others laugh

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4
Q

Social Norms

A

unwritten guidelines for how to to behave in social contexts

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5
Q

Social Loafing

A

individual puts less effort into woking on a task with others

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6
Q

Low Efficacy Beliefs

A

asks are thought to be too difficult, so people don’t know where to begin

-Believing one’s contributions are insignificant

  • Not caring about group’s outcome
    - Feeling like others are not trying very hard
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7
Q

Social Facilitation

A

one’s performance is affected by presence of others

i. e.cycling faster when others are cycling as well
- greater skills/ simpler skills= more likely for social facilitation

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8
Q

Groupthink

A

stifling of diversity that occurs when individuals are not able to express their true perspectives, instead having to focus on agreeing with others and maintaining harmony in group

  • Problems- ignoring potential problems in ideas considered, applying social pressure to influence others, group becomes overconfident
    i. e. Challenger explosion
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9
Q

Asch Experiments

A

participnats seated at a table with several other people who were actually working with experimenter

  • Looked at picture of 3 lines and chose which was the same length as a “standard line”
  • When allowed to give answers privately, were correct almost 100% of the time
  • When answers given in front of others, at first were correct, but then confederates (working with experimenter) gave wrong answer, resulted in 75% of participants giving wrong answer

-Experiment found that it doesn’t take many people to build group pressure, as well as individuals can be very powerful (one confederate giving right answer enough to shatter group’s power)

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10
Q

Normative Influence

A

social pressure to adopt group perspective in order to be accepted

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11
Q

Informational Influence

A

people internalize values and beliefs of group, coming to believe same things and feel the same ways themselves

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12
Q

Diffusion of Responsibility

A

responsibility of taking action is spread across more than one person, thus making no single individual feel personally responsible

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13
Q

Pluralistic Ignorance

A

disjunction between private beliefs of individuals and public behaviour they display to others

i. e. everyone smelling smoke but no one getting up to investigate because they don’t want to cause a scene
- can be dispelled by one person speaking/ acting (ie revolutions)

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14
Q

Milgram Experiment

A
  • Found that 65% of people continued shocking student

- Experiment done with 2 confederate teachers refusing to continue, resulted in 90% of participants also refusing

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15
Q

Eichmann Factor

A

participants read words, someone else shocked, resulted in participant feeling less responsible and therefore more likely to continue

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