Social Influences&Pro and Anti-social behaviour

Question 1

Define Status

Answer 1

The importance of where an individual within a group “stands” , as perceived by members of the group.

Question 2

Define Power

Answer 2

An individual’s (or group’s) ability to control or influence the thoughts, feelings or behaviour of another person (or group)

Question 3

Define Obedience

Answer 3

Obeying or following the commands (or what they say or do) of someone with authority [status], or the rules or laws of our society

Question 4

Define Social Proximity

Answer 4

Social proximity focuses on the physical closeness between two or more people

Question 5

Define Authority Figure

Answer 5

Someone with power and status such as a principal or known leader

Question 6

Define Group Pressure

Answer 6

J

Question 7

Define Conformity

Answer 7

P

Question 8

Define Unanimity

Answer 8

U

Question 9

Define Informational Influence

Answer 9

P

Question 10

Define Normative Influence

Answer 10

O

Question 11

Define Social Loafing

Answer 11

J

Question 12

Define Deindividuation

Answer 12

D

Question 13

Define Peer Group

Answer 13

O

Question 14

Define Peer pressure

Answer 14

P

Question 15

Define Social Behaviour

Answer 15

P

Question 16

Define Pro-social behaviour

Answer 16

Any behaviour performed with the intention of helping someone else

• a selfless act

Question 17

Define Situational factors

Answer 17

How we interpret the situation/context influences our likelihood of engaging in pro-social behaviour

• Noticing the situation
• Interpreting the situation
• Taking responsibility for helping

Question 18

Define Bystander Effect

Answer 18

The more bystanders (potential helpers) present in a situation, the less likely we are to willingly intervene.

• Latane & Dabbs (1975) – “accidently” dropping objects experiment to see response

Question 19

Define Social Norms

Answer 19

Expectations/rules placed on us by society about what is appropriate

🔷 Reciprocity Norm
🔷 Social Responsibility Norm

Question 20

Define Reciprocity norms

Answer 20

Helping others because

Question 21

Define Empathy

Answer 21

Understand/experience situations and emotions from another person’s perspective

(to be in their shoes)

Question 22

Define Mood

Answer 22

I

Question 23

Define Competence

Answer 23

C

Question 24

Define Altruism

Answer 24

Pro-social behaviour focused on the wellbeing or benefit of others withojt any thought to personal gain or reward

Question 25

Define Diffusion of responsibility

Answer 25

The belief that, in a situation where help is required and others are present, responsibility is spread across the whole group, leading each individual to feel less responsible for helping than when alone because they assume that someone else will take on the responsibility of helping

Question 26

Define Audience inhibition

Answer 26

Not helping another person because of a fear of appearing foolish in the presence of others

Question 27

Define Cost-benefit analysis

Answer 27

In relation to helping, weighing up the personal and social costs of helping (e.g effort) against the benefit of helping (e.g. gratitude)

Question 28

Define Anti-social behaviour

Answer 28

I

Question 29

Define Aggression

Answer 29

H

Question 30

Define Psychodynamic perspective

Answer 30

Y

Question 31

Define Ethological perspective

Answer 31

I

Question 32

Define Biological perspective

Answer 32

H

Question 33

Define Social learning perspective

Answer 33

H

Question 34

Define Observational learning

Answer 34

Y

Question 35

Define Social Influence

Answer 35

The influence or the effects of the way in which an individual thinks, feels or behaves. This could be through the presence or actions of the above whether it is real or imagined