Social Influnce Studies

Question 1

What was the method of Jenness’ study?

Answer 1

Participants make predictions privately
Participants meet and discuss as a group
Participants make a group prediction
Participants make a second private prediction

Question 2

What experimental design is Jenness’ study?

Answer 2

Repeated measures

Question 3

When was Jenness?

Answer 3

1932

Question 4

What were the findings of Jenness’ study?

Answer 4

Participants’ answers changed when they met as a group. The second private answer converged towards the group norm.

Question 5

What is the conclusion of Jenness’ study?

Answer 5

They were changing their answers due to a desire to be right - informative social influence

Question 6

When was asch’s study?

Answer 6

1951

Question 7

What was the method of asch’s study?

Answer 7

The participants entered a room with 6 other people, who were all actors. The actual participant was sat on the end of the row and watch participant was asked which line matched the one shown to them.
In 12 of the 18 trials, the actors answered incorrectly.

Question 8

Who were the participants of asch’s study?

Answer 8

Male undergraduates

Question 9

What was the conformity rate in the 12 critical trials of asch’s study?

Answer 9

32%

Question 10

What % of people answered incorrectly in at least one trial of asch’s study?

Answer 10

75%

Question 11

What % of the 123 participants conformed in every single trial?

Answer 11

5%

Question 12

what is an advantage of asch’s data being quantitative?

Answer 12

Easy to compare and analyse

Question 13

Why does asch’s study support normative social influence?

Answer 13

Because he found that the majority of participants said that they knew they were answering incorrectly, but wished to avoid ridicule.

Question 14

Why does asch’s study support informational social influence?

Answer 14

Because 75% who answered incorrectly said they did it because they thought the other must know better, or because they started to doubt their own judgement

Question 15

Is asch’s study generalisable?

Answer 15

No- because it isn’t a real life situation - low ecological validity
64 years old - low temporal validity

Question 16

Is asch’s study reliable?

Answer 16

Yes because it can be repeated with the exact same method and get similar results

Question 17

What is the application of asch’s study?

Answer 17

It can teach us people’s ability to conform

Question 18

What are the ethical issues of asch’s study?

Answer 18

The participants might feel stupid because they think they are wrong.

Question 19

Is asch’s study a good sample?

Answer 19

No because it is all men - androcentric

And young men so not generalisable to women and other ages or people from other areas

Question 20

How did group size effect asch’s results?

Answer 20

Conformity dropped to 3% please there was less people and less pressure.

Question 21

How did unanimity effect asch’s results?

5 actors incorrect. 1 gave correct answer

Answer 21

Conformity dropped to 6% - gave the participant social support

Question 22

How did task difficulty effect asch’s results?

Answer 22

Conformity increased because informative social influence would increase as the task is harder

Question 23

When was Bickmans’s study?

Answer 23

1974

Question 24

What was the method of Bickmans’s study?

Answer 24

An actor was dressed in uniform (milkman or a security guard) or as a civilian, and walked around the streets of New York, telling people to do things such as pick up litter, move away from the bus stop, or provide some change for a parking meter

Question 25

What were the results of Bickmans's study?

Answer 25

People obeyed the person who was dressed as a security guard most (38%) then the civilian (19%) and then the milkman (14%)

Question 26

What does Bickmans's study suggest about the importance of uniforms?

Answer 26

This shows that a uniform that presents authority, makes someone more likely to obey more than if they weren't wearing a uniform

Question 27

What is a strength of Bickmans's study?

Answer 27

It was done in a real life situation, on the streets of New York, so it has high ecological validity

Question 28

What sampling is used in Bickmans's study?

Answer 28

Opportunity sampling

Question 29

What are the weaknesses of opportunity sampling in Bickmans's study?

Answer 29

People might not want to take part, also it will take a long time to gather information

Question 30

What study supports the agentic shift explanation of obedience?

Answer 30

Variation of milgrams study where the researcher gave orders down the phone

Question 31

What were the results of milgram's phone study?

Answer 31

Obedience levels dropped from 68% to 20%

Question 32

What study supports legitimacy of authority?

Answer 32

Variation of Milgrams study in Bridgeport

Question 33

What were the results of Milgram's Bridgeport study?

Answer 33

Obedience dropped from 68% to 47%

Question 34

What study supports social support?

Answer 34

A variation of asch's study where there was a dissenter (someone who always disagrees with the majority, who answered correctly everytime, meaning that the participant had social support

Question 35

What were the results of the social support variation of asch's study?

Answer 35

Conformity dropped from 32% to just 5.5%