Social Learning Theory Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is social learning theory ?
Learning through imitating the behaviour of their role models around them & bridged the gap between behaviourism & cognitive psychology
What characteristics make someone a role model ?
- Age
- Sex
- Social status
- Personality
- Relationship
- Appearance
What is reciprocal determinism ?
- Two way learning
- Environment acts on individual to cause learning & individual acts on environment
What is modelling ?
When an individual displays a behaviour in presence of someone else
What is a model ?
Person showing behaviour
What is observation ?
Active process through which observer chooses to focus attention on modelled behaviour
What is imitation ?
Copying the observed behaviour
What is vicarious reinforcement ?
Observer being more likely to copy a behaviour the role model has been rewarded for to gain same reward
What is vicarious punishment ?
Observer being less likely to copy a behaviour the role model has been punished for to prevent gaining same punishment
What is self esteem ?
Evaluation of worth as a person
What is self efficacy ?
Belief that they can accomplish a task successfully to reproduce models behaviour
What is ARRM ?
- Attention
- Retention
- Reproduction
- Motivation
What is attention ?
- Cognitive element
- Suggests modelling requires someone to watched behaviour
- Can depend on distinctiveness of behaviour & factors within person
What is retention ?
- After focusing on behaviour, individuals retain behaviour
- Imagery & language assist with retention using mental images & verbal descriptors
What is reproduction ?
- Repeats behaviours they’ve seen
- Self efficacy important
What is motivation ?
- Incentive
- More likely to reproduce with reward
What are the types of motivation ?
- Intrinsic
- Extrinsic
What is intrinsic motivation ?
Some inherent satisfaction rather than physical outcome
What is extrinsic motivation ?
Not so much feeling but something tangible
How is Charlton opposing research ?
- Natural experiment on St Helena (remote island)
- Wanted to investigate introduction of TV on aggressive behaviour
- Did not increase
What is a weakness of Charlton et al ?
No control over EVs
How is Mineka & Cook supporting research ?
- Observed rhesus monkeys raised in captivity no previously fear of snakes
- Repeated alarm of snakes after watching wild monkeys anxious reaction to snakes
What is a weakness of Mineka & Cook ?
- Animal study
- Not generalisable to humans
What are the applications ?
- Watershed after 9pm
- Shows more explicit content
- Children usually asleep so not imitate behaviour
