Social Learning Theory Definitions

Question 1

Define social learning theory

Answer 1

Suggests we learn behaviour through observing and imitating role models and through vicarious reinforcement

Question 2

Define imitation

Answer 2

When we copy the behaviour of another person

Question 3

Define identification

Answer 3

When a person associates themselves with the role model that they are observing (want to be like their role model)

Question 4

Define role model

Answer 4

A person who has qualities we would like to have and so we identify with them and model or imitate there behaviours/attitudes

Question 5

Define modelling

Answer 5

When applied to the observer: The process of imitating a role model
When applied to the role model: the behaviour performed by the role model

Question 6

Define vicarious reinforcement

Answer 6

Form of indirect learning where an individual learns by observing the consequences of a role models behaviour. If the individual sees the role model being rewarded for their behaviour, they will be more likely to imitate this behaviour to get the same reward (learning through vicarious reinforcement)

Question 7

Define mediation processes

Answer 7

Internal mental processes that influence the way in which we respond to a behaviour we are observing. There are four mediation processes (attention, retention, motor reproduction and motivation)

Question 8

Define attention

Answer 8

Refers to the extent to which we notice the behaviour of the role model. Attention influences wherever we learn the behaviour

Question 9

Define retention

Answer 9

Refers to how well we remember the behaviour we have observed. Retention influences whether we learn the behaviour

Question 10

Define motor reproduction

Answer 10

Refers to whether an individual thinks they have the ability to perform the behaviour they have observed. Motor reproduction influences whether we perform the behaviour

Question 11

Define motivation

Answer 11

Refers to whether an individual has the will to perform the behaviour. This is often determined by whether they observed the behaviour being rewarded or punished. Motivation influences whether we perform the behaviour

Question 12

Define demand characteristics

Answer 12

Refers to the participants trying to guess the aim of the study they are taking part in and the trying to alter their behaviour in a way which either supports or goes against the hypothesis. Demand characteristics are more likely to occur when cues are present during the research the reveals the aim of the study