Social Stratification Midterm #1 Flashcards
1
Q
Doug Ford wanting to halve the council is an example of a premier wanting to enact which clause?
A
Non-Withstanding Clause
2
Q
Who was Delwin Vriend?
A
An Albertan, homosexual man who was fired from his job because he was gay - Klein wanted to invoke Not-Withstanding Clause
3
Q
Who was Leilani Muir
A
Young girl who was steralized by the Alberta Home for Mental Defectives
4
Q
2 times the Not-Withstanding Clause was proposed in Alberta:
A
- Lost job of homosexual man
2. Steralization of young girl without consent
5
Q
Term that observed who gets what and why?
A
Social stratification
6
Q
2 ways of gaining status in our society
A
ascribed and achieved
7
Q
Achieved status operated under the idea of:
A
meritocracy
8
Q
Term for the investment that you put into yourself
A
meritocracy
9
Q
Type of status that you are born into
A
ascribed
10
Q
Who spoke about the theory of the circulating elite?
A
C. Wright Mills
11
Q
What are the three realms of elite in C. Wright Mill’s Theory of the Circulating Elite?
A
Military, Government and Business
12
Q
Theory of the Circulating Elite suggests that if one works their way up the ranks or if their family is in good positions…
A
They will stay around the same level at the higher ranks. You don’t start from the bottom.
13
Q
Another word for social ranks
A
strata
14
Q
Having a family stay within the same social ranks/strata is called
A
social reproduction
15
Q
People are culturally bound in:
A
time and circumstance
16
Q
2 high values in society:
A
Youth and wealth
17
Q
the New Edmonton School Program positioned the teacher as what for the students?
A
The guide, making students the decision makers
18
Q
Why didn’t the new Edmonton school program work in NE Edmonton?
A
Parents of children with lower socioeconomic status wanted children to be socialized into being first to have higher education, therefore need more instruction and authority
19
Q
Who was John Porter?
A
A Canadian sociologist who talked about status and social class in Canada
20
Q
Porter’s 3 components to social class in Canada
A
- Income
- Power
- Prestige
21
Q
A job that has a lower income but high prestige
A
fireman
22
Q
What is another phrase linked to Fordism?
A
Deskilling the worker
23
Q
taking a persons job and disassembling it into component parts is called
A
fordism/deskilling the worker
24
Q
Term for patterns of social relationships, consumption of material goods and culture
A
lifestyles
25
What is central to social inequality?
Class
26
Grabb suggests that social groupings differ mostly under what categories?
1. Money
2. Wealth
3. Property
27
Who was Bernard Blishen
Ranked occupations in Canada
28
What did Bernard Blishen discover?
most underpaid people are child or elderly care givers
29
Who was the father of modern sociology?
Karl Marx
30
3 great changes in society during the industrial revolution
1. Migration into urban areas
2. Moving from subsistence lifestyle to wage-labor in city
3. Social organization
31
What type of views was Karl Marx exposed to growing up?
Egalitarian, intellectual views
32
Karl Marx was strongly influenced by what theoretician?
Hegel
33
Who was Rosa Parks?
Forerunner in the civil rights movement who refused to ride on the back of the bus in the US
34
What does the hegelian dialectic suggest about theory?
Theory moves to the anti-theory, and then comes back in between the theory and the anti-theory for synthesis
35
Engles and Marx would have meetings together in a labor union called:
"The Communist League"
36
Who spoke about the surplus wealth?
Marx
37
What is the surplus wealth according to Marx?
the value added to a particular item on top of how much it usually costs
38
Who was Edgerton Ryerson?
The father of public education who convinced property owners to pay taxes to get children in schools and out of causing trouble around farms
39
term for groups of individuals who have the same economic, social, legal access to the goods in society and are able to have the same lifestyles
class
40
To Marx, what is the most important aspect of society?
economy
41
What did Marx notice about the distribution of wealth?
That wealth was being concentrated in the hands of very few people
42
What is the theory that states that the material conditions of life ultimately determine the course of history?
Historical Materialism
43
4 different forms of society that Marx says we move through
1. Slave-based
2. Feudal
3. Capitalism
4. Socialism
44
How is Marx a conflict theorist?
says conflict causes change in society
45
What is Marx's idea of praxis?
that the working class are the ones that would bring change by rising up
46
How was Marx different than hegel?
He wanted to bring Hegel's ethereal ideas into the real world
47
Who said each society exists with the germ of it's own destruction?
Saint Simon
48
2 parts of labelling theory
Affixing the label and the treatment recieved after a label has been affixed
49
3 components of the capitalist system
1. Commodity
2. Exchange Value
3. Abstract Labor Time
50
Term for anything that is produced for exchange and not for the use of the producer
commodity
51
3 perks for deskilling the worker
1. Replaceable
2. Hard to move up
3. Can't leave to start own business
52
Term that refers to amount of human labor time that goes into the production of a commodity
exchange value
53
Term that refers to labor in general, or the average time it takes to produce a commodity in society given the level of technology and knowledge
abstract labor time
54
Term for a situation where proletariat become aware of their position and realize things are not good for them, begining to act on alleviating their oppression
Class consciousness
55
The key to class consciousness according to Marx is...
awareness and action
56
4 ways labor alienation happens according to Marx
Alienation from:
1. The product they produce
2. The process of labor itself
3. Other workers
4. Their human potential
57
Marx argues that ...... is very important for workers to feel fulfilled in their work
the creative process
58
According to Marx, class struggle is defined as:
conflict between bourgeoisie and proletariat
59
Who spoke about "The Protestant Work Ethic"
Max Weber
60
What is the gist of the protestant work ethic?
Hard work and self-responsibility leads to salvation
61
3 components to rationalization
1. Reason
2. Calculation
3. Pursuit of particular interests
62
3 components of legitimate authority
1. Tradition
2. Bureaucratic/ Rational Legal
3. Charismatic
63
When does a case go to the supreme court in Canada?
when there a completely new situation without a precedent to follow
64
Who spoke about the decline in the legitimacy of leaders and replacement of charismatic leaders?
Max Weber
65
An example of non-legitimate authority
a coercive regime such as a threat of violence
66
7 aspects of bureauocracy (R.S.H.T.S.O.A)
1. Bound by rules
2. Specialized duties
3. Hierarchy of positions
4. Technical rules and norms
5. Separations between personal and professional affairs
6. Individuals do not own their office
7. Admin decisions are recorded in writing
67
3 ways the Charter of rights and freedoms represents a bureaucracy
1. Eliminates needing new resolution for similar cases
2. Standard treatment
3, Ignorance is no excuse
68
Weber believed the role of religion was to:
help people cope
69
Weber believed that type of religions that people follow is dependent on:
the class or status of an individual
70
Weber suggests that small trades follow religions of:
faith, hard work and devotion to bring 'just rewards'
71
Weber suggests that rich business class follow religions that are oriented at:
the here and now, not the afterlife
72
Weber suggests that lower classes choose religions of
salvation, hoping for better life in the next world
73
Weber's 3 basicsof social stratification
1. Class
2. Property
3. Power
74
Weber says class is an economic category developed by:
human interaction in the market
75
Weber says class is a part of a system of:
competitive exchange
76
To Weber, property is defined as
not only owning things, but the property of individual intelligence, motivation, education, meritocracy
77
Weber's definition of power
a status group and party with interest groups that are involed in a struggle
78
Who is interested in the reoccuring patterns of societal behaviour and meanings behind actions?
Weber
79
Who said religion is opiate for the masses?
Marx
80
Weber said that in order for society to prosper, we need:
organization
81
Weber's primary focus:
subjective meaning of people taking action
82
term for placing yourself in the shoes of an other
sympathetic imagination
83
Weber's view on modern society
goal-oriented
84
What is the ideal type?
a conceptual tool, asking if something were perfect, what would it be?
85
the view that causation is not a single kind of relation or connection between things in the world.
Casual pluralism
86
Durkheim's stance on the division of labor
believes that issues arise when social development proceeds in a way that it undermines the similarities and recognition of one another (collective -> autonomous)
87
What two things does division of labour emphasize?
social differentiation and social heterogeneity
88
To Durkheim, the fault line that caused the division of labour was
the industrial revolution
89
To Durkheim, what causes differences in lifestyles and promotes individualism, and thus inequality?
fragmentation and division of individuals into occupational groups
90
To Durkheim, a weak collective conscious results in...
loss of control over the behaviour of individuals
91
Durkheim's 3 forms of division of labour
Normal, anomic, and forced
92
the positive form of division of labour that has general regulations to guide the interactions between people
normal division of labour
93
form of division of labour that can be said to have fairness in the attainment of positions in society
normal
94
In normal divisions of labor, who's desires are fulfilled?
both the individual's and collective's
95
The name of the policy that requires federal jurisdiction employers to engage in proactive employment practices to increase the representation of four designated groups
The Employment Equity Policy
96
What are the four designated groups covered in the Employment Equity Policy
women, people with disabilities, aboriginals and visible minorities
97
Form of division of labor where mutual contributions and obligations are denied or overlooked, resulting in competition
Anomic
98
In anomic divisions of labour, there is conflict between...
capital and labor: concentration of capital ownership to a select few
99
Form of division of labor where division of labor is not allowed to develop spontaneously and where some act to protect themselves and their positions
forced
100
What does Durkheim suggest keeps society unified by holding collective values?
religion
101
4 types of suicide
1. Anomic
2. Egoistic
3. Altruistic
4. Fatalistic
102
Type of suicide where integration (sacrifice for others) is too high
Altruistic
103
Type of suicide where integration is too low (feeling alone)
Egoistic
104
Type of suicide where regulation is too high, such as feeling like you can't make decisions in your own life, being stressed at school
fatalistic
105
Type of suicide where regulation is too low and have an "anything goes", "boom bust" mentality
anomic
