Social studies Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is exploration?
Traveling, journeying, or searching for natural resources or more land.
What inventions/technologies facilitated exploration?
Astrolabe, compass, better sails, and ships.
What were the three main reasons for exploring?
- Gold
- God (faith)
- Glory (power for your country)
What motivated Spain’s exploration?
Looking for gold and glory, and encouraging Indians to believe in God.
What was France’s approach to exploration?
Came looking for gold but traded fur and other resources.
What was the primary motivation for England’s exploration?
Religious freedom.
What are the three Colonial Regions established?
- New England
- Middle
- Southern
What characterized the New England region?
Too cold for farming, made money through fishing, trading, whaling, shipbuilding, and seeking religious freedom.
Why is the Middle region called the ‘Breadbasket colonies’?
Warm climate suitable for growing small grains for bread.
What was notable about the Southern region?
Hot and humid, good for large farms (plantations) growing cash crops like rice, cotton, indigo, and tobacco.
Define colonization.
To settle and stay in a new place.
What was the first lasting colony?
Jamestown, founded in 1607 in Virginia.
What was the economic focus of Jamestown?
Looking for gold, but later grew tobacco as a cash crop.
What was the government structure in Jamestown?
House of Burgesses.
What was the ‘Starving Time’ in Jamestown?
The first winter marked by disease and lack of food.
What was the second colony and its motivation?
Plymouth, founded in 1620 for religious freedom by Puritans.
What important document was signed by the Pilgrims?
Mayflower Compact.
What was Maryland founded for?
As a safe haven for Catholics.
Who founded Rhode Island and why?
Roger Williams for true religious freedom.
What was Pennsylvania founded by and for?
Founded by William Penn and the Quakers for religious freedom and toleration.
What is mercantilism?
An economic/trade system where colonies provide natural resources to the mother country.
What was the purpose of mercantilism?
To make the mother country/King rich and powerful.
