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Uncategorized > Social Studies - Chapter 2 - Test 10/8/13 > Flashcards

Social Studies - Chapter 2 - Test 10/8/13 Flashcards

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1
Q

a huge stone structure built by the ancient Egyptians to serve as a tomb

A

pyramid

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2
Q

What does Akhenaton mean?

A

“Spirit of Aton”

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3
Q

Who was the only god that was to be worshipped by the Egyptians?

A

Aton - “Akhenaton”

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4
Q

Definition:

an all-powerful king in ancient Egypt

A

pharoah

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5
Q

Definition:

a system of writing made up of thousands of picture symbols developed by the ancient Egyptians

A

hieroglyphics

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6
Q

During the rule of __________, Egypt began to expand its empire through aggressive wars of conquest.

A

Thutmose III

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7
Q

What did Thutmose III grow rich from?

A

He grew rich from trade and tributes.

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8
Q

Definition:

a god or goddess

A

deity

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9
Q

a form of paper that was made from the reed plant of the Nile Valley

A

papyrus

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10
Q

Definition:

a body that has been embalmed and wrapped in linen

A

mummy

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11
Q

_________ was a 10-year old boy when he inherited the throne of Egypt.

A

Tutankhamen

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12
Q

How long did Tutankhamen rule?

A

nine years

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13
Q

Why is Tutankhamen well known?

A

He is well known because of his mostly untouched tombs of riches.

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14
Q

The world’s longest river flowing north from the heart of Africa to the Mediterranean Sea.

A

Nile River

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15
Q

Also known as Menes, ______ is credited with uniting Upper and Lower Egyptas one unified kingdom.

A

Narmer

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16
Q

Definition:

a grassy plain

A

savannah

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17
Q

Definition:

a payment made by one group or nation to another to show obedience or to obtain peace or protection

A

tribute

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18
Q

One of the greatest pharoahs througout Egyptian history, _______ ruled Egypt of 66 remarkable years.

A

Ramses II

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19
Q

Whose power strengthened during Ramses II reign?

A

Egypt’s power throughout Africa strengthened

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20
Q

Definition:

a desert region in northern Africa that is the largest hot desert in the world

A

Sahara

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21
Q

The Great Pyramid was built for _______ and is the largest and grandest of the pyramids.

A

Khufu

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22
Q

Around 1473 BC, __________ became one of the few women to ever rule Egypt.

A

Hatshepsut

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23
Q

What flourished throughout Egypt during the reign of Hatsheptsut?

A

trade

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24
Q

Definition:

an area of fertile soil at the mouth of a river

A

delta

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25
Definition: steep rapids formed by cliffs and boulders in a river
cataract
26
Definition: a line of rulers from the same family
dynasty
27
Definition: the process developed by the ancient Egyptians of preserving a person's body after death
embalming
28
The area of Egypt received little rainfall; therefore, the Egyptians had to rely on the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Nile River
29
Egyptians used the Nile River for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
* drinking * bathing * farming * cooking * cleaning
30
The Nile River is the world's \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
longest river
31
The Nile River flows from the heart of Africa to the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Mediterranean Sea
32
The Nile creates a small ribbon of _______ in the middle of the desert.
fertile land
33
Before it reaches the Mediterranean Sea, it spreads out to create a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
delta of fertile land
34
Explain how the early Egyptians were separated and protected from outsiders (think about their geographical location).
* the Sahara Desert * the Red Sea * Eastern Desert * dangerous cataracts
35
How did Egyptians use the Nile River?
They used it to become successful farmers, transportation, and irrigation.
36
Explain the following part of the Egyption calendar: Inundation
when the Nile would overflow its banks and flood
37
Explain the following part of the Egyption calendar: Emergence
flood waters would return to their banks leaving a layer of silt for farmers to plant their crops
38
Explain the following part of the Egyption calendar: Harvest
when farmers could pick their crops
39
Why did the Egyptians call their land "Kemet"?
Due tothe dark, rich soil around the Nile Valley. "Kemet" means "black land".
40
Who could read and write during this time?
The upper class pharoah, nobels, priests and scribes.
41
What ancient stone tablet allowed archeologists to be able to decipher (learn to read) hieroglyphics?
Rosetta Stone
42
Why was a government needed?
for farming, crafts, and trade
43
Around 3100 BC, the two Egyptians kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt became one under the control of \_\_\_\_\_\_.
Menes (Narmer)
44
Menes family would rule Egypt as its first _______ for years.
dynasty
45
Historians group Egyptian history into what 3 categories?
1. Upper Class - priests, army commanders, nobles 2. Middle Class - traders, artisans, shopkeepers 3. Lower Class - unskilled workers and farmers
46
During the Old Kingdom in Egypt, Egypt grew and \_\_\_\_\_\_.
prospered
47
The Egyptians built ______ and exand trade and their kings set up strong \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
* built **_cities_** * strong **_goverments_**
48
What does the word pharoah mean?
"great house"
49
The pharoah was \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
an all powerful ruler who guided Egypt's every activity
50
The pharoah's word was \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
law
51
The ancient Egyptians worshipped many \_\_\_\_\_\_.
deities
52
The ancient Egyptians believed the deities controlled the forces of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
nature and human activities
53
The main Egyptian god was the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
sungod (re)
54
What types of advances did the Egyptians make with medicine?
herbs and drugs to treat illnesses, sewing cuts, and setting bones. first medical book
55
Describe the Great Pyramid.
* It was built for Khufu * one of three outside of Giza * 500 feet tall * covers area of 9 football fields * made up of over 2 million stone blocks
56
During the Middle Kingdom, \_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_, and ______ thrived
* arts * literature * architecture
57
Instead of building pyramids, pharoahs \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
had their tombs cut into cliffs
58
The area of the tombs cut into cliffs was known as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
the Valley of the Kings
59
During the Middle Kingdom, Egypt became ________ and more \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
* richer * powerful
60
During the Middle Kingdom, Egypt reached the height \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
of its glory
61
About 1473 BC _________ came to power in Egypt.
Hatshepsut
62
After the death of Hatshepsut's husband and the rule of her nephew, she made herself \_\_\_\_\_\_.
pharaoh
63
How did Hatshepsut influence Egypt during her reign?
Trade grew with traders sailing to East Africa for gold, ivory, ebony, and insence
64
In an attempt to maintain his own power, ____________ that swept the old gods and goddesses.
Amenhotep introduced a new religion
65
Later Amenhotep changed his name to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_, which means "Spirit of Aton".
Akhenaton
66
Who inherited the throne when Akhenaton died?
his son-in-law
67
Tutankhamen relied on _____________ to help him make decisions.
palace officials and priests
68
Palace officials and priests encouraged Tutankamen to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
restore the old religion
69
Why is "King Tut" the most famous of all of Egypt's pharaohs?
Due to the discovery of his tomb, found by Howard Carter
70
What were some of the Ramses II accomplishments?
He expanded the empire and encouraged and increase in trade.
71
Why did the people of Kerma have close ties to the people of Egypt (think of the cultural borrowing between the two)?
due to the geographical proximity, they traded with one another and shared ideas, etc.
72
What did the Assyrians use iron for?
in order to make farming equipment and weapons
73
Under the kush leaders, Meroe soon became a center for _____ and \_\_\_\_\_\_.
* trade * transportation

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