Social Studies Final 7th grade Flashcards
(116 cards)
1
Q
Mercantilism
A
old economic system that said wealth was limited, which lead to slavery and war.
2
Q
Militia
A
Citizen soldiers (mass minutemen)
3
Q
Treason
A
Betraying one’s country (EX: Benedict Arnold)
4
Q
Boycott
A
refusing to buy british goods
5
Q
Patriots
A
those who supported the American side during the American fight for independence
6
Q
Loyalists
A
Those who supported the British side during the Revolution
7
Q
Smuggling
A
way around the mercantilist system, bridging goods in illegally
8
Q
Propaganda
A
Fake News (Paul Revere’s painting of the Boston Massacre)
9
Q
What was the most important factor of the battle of Yorktown?
A
The French helped the Americans by surrounding the British, causing the British to surrender and basically won the war for the Americans.
10
Q
What is most likely the reason why CornWallis sent one of his subordinates to surrender at Yorktown?
A
He was too embarrassed to go surrender himself, especially because he was so prideful before the battle
11
Q
Why was the battle of Saratoga so important?
A
convinced France to side with the Americans against Britain. France and America sieged the British while on sea.
12
Q
What was Valley Forge?
A
The Continental Army made a camp for winter and was able to stay together and strengthen even with the sickness and freezing cold weather.
13
Q
Where were the battles of the American Independence
A
The first part of the war was mostly in the north, and the second part was mostly in the south.
14
Q
Know this order of battles in the American Revolution
A
Lexington and Concord, Bunker Hill, Saratoga, Yorktown
15
Q
“You are a Virginian, and a Virginian ought to appear at the head of this business. Reason number 2: I am obnoxious, suspected, and unpopular. You are very much otherwise. Reason 3: You can write ten times better than I can
A
John Adams to Thomas Jefferson. He wanted him to write the Declaration of Independence
16
Q
Match the subject of each article to its branch
A
1-Legislative, 2-Executive, 3-Judicial
17
Q
Popular Sovereignty is best explained by which line in the preamble?
A
“We the People of the United States”
18
Q
What does it mean to “secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and posterity?”
A
It means to give equal rights and freedom to us and those who come after us.
19
Q
Who is the president of the Senate
A
the Vice president
20
Q
Which house can impeach the president of the USA?
A
House of Representatives
21
Q
Which house acts as a jury to remove a president when the president is impeached?
A
the Senate
22
Q
Which amendment requires the popular election of Senators?
A
The seventeenth amendment
23
Q
How does the Congress override a presidential veto of a bill (a bill is a law that is yet to be passed)?
A
They vote and if 2/3 and the Senate vote yes to it, then it becomes a law
24
Q
The Constitutional compromise that determined how slaves would be counted for representation was called the _______ Compromise.
A
3/5ths compromise
25
What was the subject of the 16th amendment?
gives congress the power to collect income tax
26
Which amendment limited the president to two terms in office?
22nd
27
Which president (the only one to serve more than two terms in office) caused Congress to propose the amendment limiting the time that a president could serve?
Franklin Roosevelt
28
What is the process for amending the Constitution?
2/3 of Congress have to approve, it must be ratified by 3/4 of the states in a reasonable amount of time
29
Which Article deals with the fact that your Texas driver’s license must be honored in Oklahoma (or any other state?
Article 4
30
The subject of the only “repealed amendment” was
Age to drink alcohol
31
Which amendment has the most to do with the concept of “federalism”?
10th
32
Federalism is the division of power between the
state and national governments
33
Which Amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
the first 10
34
Which Amendments are the “Reconstruction Amendments”
13th, 14th, and 15th
35
What national event caused a need for “Reconstruction”?
The civil War
36
Which amendment in the Bill of rights guarantees us “due process of law” and makes it so you don’t have to testify against yourself?
the 5th
37
Which amendment gave women the right to vote?
the 19th
38
The minimum voting age was lowered to ________ by the ________amendment.
18, 26th.
39
The voting age was lowered largely because many Americans were old enough to fight in ________________ in the late 1960s, but still could not vote
Vietnam War
40
Name the 3 most famous people killed defending the Alamo?
Davy Crockett, Jim Bowie, and William Travis
41
What is the number of Texans killed at Alamo?
200
42
How long was Texas an independent country?
9 years
43
The decisive battle where Texas won its independence was called the Battle of
San Jacinto
44
What is true about the number of “slave states” and “free states” in the year 1840?
There were 13 of each
45
The Mexican-American War occurred _______ _________ Texas joined the USA
1846 and 1848
46
The very first battle of the Texas Revolution (War for Independence) was called the Battle of _____________.
Battle of Gonzales
47
Which term describes soldiers that fought on horseback?
calvary
48
The term provisional also means…
temporary
49
Juan Seguin
He was a famous Tejano (Texan of Mexican or Spanish descent) who fought on the Texas side during the Revolution.
50
Jim Bowie
A wicked, razor-sharp knife is named after this Alamo defender. He got sick during the siege, and eventually was killed like nearly everyone else
51
Sam Houston
He was named Commander-and Chief by the provisional government, and later became the first president of the independent Republic of Texas
52
Susanna Dickinson
the most famous woman-survivor of the Alamo (on the Texas side)
53
Why is the Grass fight called the Grass fight?
The Texans thought to intercept silver but instead got feed and grass
54
Who won the battle of Gonzales
Texas
55
Who won the battle of the Alamo
Mexico
56
Who won the battle of San Jacinto
Texas
57
Who won the Grass fight
Texas
58
The Mexican-American War started over a border dispute: Mexico thought the Texas border was the ___________ River. But the USA thought it should be the ________________ River.
Nueces and Rio Grande
59
The original intent of the Alamo (before the War for Texas Independence) was a place to spread ___________
Religion. It was a mission to help spread Christianity
60
the Convention of 1845 created the
Constitution of the state of Texas
61
the Convention of 1836
Created a constitution for the independent republic of Texas and created the Declaration of Independence from Mexico
62
When (which date) is the state holiday, Texas Independence Day?
March 2nd
63
When was slavery abolished in Texas?
June 19th, 1865
64
How many branches of government were created in Texas by the Constitution of 1836 and the Constitution of 1845?
3
65
Name the branches of the Texas Government
Executive, legislative, Judicial
66
Who was the state of Texas’s first governor
James Pinckney Henderson
67
The site of the worst atrocity of the War for Texas Independence was at _____________. Over 400 Texans were executed here by order of Santa Anna
Goliad Massacre
68
After Texas won its independence from Mexico…
Texas voters and its first popularly elected president wanted to immediately become part of the USA through annexation, although they would have to wait almost 10 years.
69
John Tyler
the U.S. President that requested the joint resolution from the U.S. Congress that would bring Texas in as a state.
70
James Polk
the U.S. President in office when Texas officially became a state of the USA (12/29/1845)? He signed the Texas Admission Act
71
Why did antislavery people in the North generally oppose the Annexation of Texas?
Because Texas was going to become a slave states if it joined the union and that would make it unequal.
72
What were the 2 major political parties in the USA at the time of Texas annexation?
Whigs and Democrats
73
By the late 1840s, which political party was the most popular in Texas?
Democratic
74
What were the names of the first 2 major political parties in our nation’s history?
Federalists and Democratic-Republicans
75
What were the 2 major political parties in the USA at the time of the Civil War (1861)? (hint: still today)
Democrats and Republicans
76
Which major political party was the most antislavery in 1860?
Republican
77
The know-nothing party was…
Anti-Immigrant, Anti-Catholic, and Sam Houston never joined this party, despite the accusations.
78
The Convention of 1845 met in which city?
Austin
79
What does conscription mean
Military Draft
80
An abolitionist wanted to…
Get rid of slavery forever
81
Secede
To pull out of, in this case, leave the union.(The rebs)
82
Yankees
Northern side, against slavery
83
“Rebs”
Southern side, with slavery
84
Conductor
helped slaves escape in the underground railroad. (Harriet Tubman)
85
Siege Warfare
when a side surrounds the city of their enemy and blocks supplies from getting in, and messages from getting out
86
“Total War”
A war beyond the battlefield. (bringing civilians into war, burning houses, wrecking crops)(General Sherman)
87
When would the Rebel yell be heard?
when the Rebs were charging or on the attack
88
the most extreme (and most recent-1857) example of the “slave power” conspiracy
the Dred Scott Decision
89
What were the two new weapon innovations that occurred right before the Civil War and helped lead to the high casualties? These two innovations worked together
mini ball shaped bullets and rifled muskets
90
Winfield Scott
came up with the “Anaconda Plan” He was dismissed because most officials, including Lincoln, thought it would take too long.
91
Who is the subject of this quote? “So this is the little lady who wrote the book that made this great war.”
Abraham Lincoln talking to Harriet Beecher Stowe when he first met her.
92
George McClellan
Union commander who Lincoln dismissed for not attacking enough? He later challenged Lincoln for the presidency
93
George Pickett
Confederate commander who led the famous failed charge on the third day of the Battle of Gettysburg
94
Andrew Jackson
president of the USA from 1829-1837 who argued for the preservation of the Union as being more important than “State’s Rights”
95
What was the author Ralph Waldo Emerson’s suggested solution to the slavery problem?
The government paid the slave owners to let the slaves free, but doing this would need taxes to be raised.
96
Little round top
the site of J.L. Chamberlain’s famous bayonet charge which saved the Union from potential defeat on day 2 at Gettysburg.
97
John Brown
led an unsuccessful slave uprising in the town of Harpers Ferry, Va. admired in a famous quote by R.W. Emerson
98
George Stonewall Jackson
Confederate hero commander who suffered a serious wound (accidentally by one of his own men) at the Battle of Chancellorsville. He died shortly after.
99
How many died in the Civil War?
620,000
100
Northern Advantages
Bigger population, More men and soldiers, Better technology, Better industry (better factory production), More money for supplies
101
Southern advantages
Fighting a defensive war, Better Generals/leadership, Generally had the “home-field advantage” throughout the War
102
What American Pastime was popular during the Civil War?
Baseball
103
The 5 border states during the Civil War
Delaware, Maryland, West virginia, Missouri, Kentucky
104
Battle of Antietam
It was the bloodiest single day of the War/U.S. History, It was a victory for the North, It was the first time the South fought on Union soil, It allowed Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
105
What battle was the most lopsided Confederate victory
Chancellorsville (Had more than twice Union casualties compared to confederate)
106
The week of July 4th, 1863 was a major turning point in the Civil War in favor of the North; the North won the Battle of _____________ and the Battle of ______________________.
Vicksburg and Gettysburg
107
Which battle marked the final victory for the Union and it led to the surrender of the South at this place?
appomattox court house
108
Human Environment Interaction
The way Humans affect the environment ( Dams )
109
Place
Human and physical characteristics in a place ( Lake Austin )
110
Location
Relative - places around it. Absolute - exact coordinates (my house in in barton creek)
111
Movement
How things, products, and people move from place to place ( cars, planes, taxis )
112
Region
A place that is categorized with other places due to similarities ( highlands of Texas )
113
Emancipation Proclamation( 3 sentences )
January 1st, 1863. In response to the heavy losses in the battle of Antietam, Abraham Lincoln declared the Emancipation Proclamation. This is one of the most important events in the Civil war because it declared slaves free from their owners, which is the reason that the Civil war was started. By declaring the Emancipation Proclamation, Abraham Lincoln basically concluded the problem involved in the war.
114
Abraham Lincoln’s assassination (3 sentences)
april 15th, 1865. Abraham Lincoln's assasination was one of the most important events because he had a great impact on the Civil War. This event happened 2 years after the Emancipation Proclamation, So many think his assassin, John Wilks Booth, was with the Southerners. This event caused tension between the North and South, and lots of false accusations were made on why and who did it.
115
The Civil war ( 3 sentences ) 1861-1865
I believe that the civil war is one of the most important events in history because of the impact it had on our world today. The Civil war was fought overy slavery, and it eneded slavery, which was such a change for our country since there had almost always been slaves. I also think the civil war is so important because of the powerful generals who died in its battles, and how the war impacted Lincoln's death.
116
The _________amendment was the only one to be repealed by another amendment
18th
