Social Studies test helper for Ancient Greece

Question 1

What is a peninsula?

Answer 1

An area of land surrounded by water on 3 sides

Question 2

How did mountains affect civilization in ancient Greece?

Answer 2

Mountains were not great for agriculture because they were too rocky and steep for growing crops

Question 3

How did the sea affect civilization in ancient Greece?

Answer 3

The sea provided the greeks with an additional food source and an easier travel route than the mountains

Question 4

Why did the Greeks create their own city-states instead of a united country?

Answer 4

Because of geographic factors

Question 5

What were the names of the earliest Greek civilizations?

Answer 5

Minoans and mycenaeans

Question 6

The Greeks depicted in the Iliad were likely from which civilization?

Answer 6

Mycenaean civilization

Question 7

In the Iliad, who is the strong Trojan warrior who is slain by Achilles?

Answer 7

hector

Question 8

In the Iliad, why does Achilles refuse to fight with the Greeks at the start of the story?

Answer 8

Because Agamemnon threatened to take Achilles’ own prize, a girl named Briseïs

Question 9

In the Iliad, why did Achilles rejoin the battle against the Trojans?

Answer 9

To avenge the death of patroclus

Question 10

In the Iliad, who begins the Trojan War by kidnapping Helen?

Answer 10

Paris

Question 11

Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle were all famous leaders in which academic field?

Answer 11

Philosophy

Question 12

Why is Homer considered an important figure?

Answer 12

Because he made 2 epic poems

Question 13

Which ancient Greek scholar wrote the history of the Persian War?

Answer 13

herodotus

Question 14

Which ancient Greek scholar wrote the history of the Peloponnesian War?

Answer 14

thucydides

Question 15

Why is Hippocrates considered an important figure?

Answer 15

Because of his contributions to the field of medicine

Question 16

Why do historians refer to a period of ancient Greek history as the Dark Ages?

Answer 16

Because it was when they got destroyed by the sea peoples, but there is a lack of written records

Question 17

How did Solon change the government in Athens?

Answer 17

He canceled debts and forbidden debt slavery

Question 18

True/False: Tyrants like Peisistratus were always cruel and harsh rulers

Answer 18

False

Question 19

Why is Cleisthenes considered an important figure?

Answer 19

He created the world’s first democracy

Question 20

Who was allowed to participate in Athenian democracy? Who was not allowed?

Answer 20

Only adult men who completed military service could participate but Women, slaves, and foreigners could not

Question 21

Which Greek politician was an advocate for democracy, oversaw the construction of the Acropolis, and turned the Delian League into an empire?

Answer 21

Pericles

Question 22

Why did King Darius attack Greece in the Battle of Marathon?

Answer 22

He wanted to get revenge on Athens and Eretria for their involvement in the Ionian Revolt and for assisting Ionian Greek cities in their rebellion against Persian rule

Question 22

What happened at the Battle of Thermopylae?

Answer 22

The Greeks held the pass of Thermopylae for three days before being outflanked and defeated.

Question 23

What was the major cause of the Peloponnesian War?

Answer 23

Athens’s growing power and its control of the Delian League

Question 24

How did Sparta win the Peloponnesian War?

Answer 24

through a combination of naval superiority, financial support from the Persian Empire, and the strategic leadership of General Lysander

Question 25

Why is Alexander referred to as “The Great?”

Answer 25

because of his extensive conquests and the rapid expansion of his empire

Question 26

What happened to Greek culture during the Hellenistic Period?

Answer 26

Greek culture underwent a transformation, spreading widely beyond its original geographical boundaries and blending with other cultures.

Question 27

Why did the Greeks establish colonies around the Mediterranean Sea?

Answer 27

due to overpopulation, a shortage of fertile land, and the desire for new resources and trade opportunities

Question 28

After Alexander’s death, which civilization conquered most of Greece?

Answer 28

rome

Question 29

What was the role of helots in Spartan society?

Answer 29

a class of state-owned serfs who primarily worked the land and performed other menial labor.

Question 30

Who had more rights: women in Athens or women in Sparta?

Answer 30

Spartan women

Question 31

What name was given to citizens who also served as soldiers in the Greek city-states?

Answer 31

hoplites

Question 32

Which city-state experienced several government changes and eventually became the first democracy in the world?

Answer 32

Athens

Question 33

What were the major features of the Minoan civilization?

Answer 33

its advanced art, trade, and complex social structures

Question 34

What were the major features of the Mycenaean civilization?

Answer 34

It's a powerful, warrior-oriented society, a complex palace-centered economy, and a rich cultural heritage.

Question 35

What were the powers of Zeus?

Answer 35

He is the God of the sky and thunder

Question 36

What were the powers of Athena?

Answer 36

She is the Goddess of Wisdom and War

Question 37

Why did Spartan boys receive limited food and supplies during training?

Answer 37

to foster discipline, toughen their resolve, and encourage resourceful behavior.

Question 38

True/False: Athens had a powerful navy, while Sparta had a powerful army

Answer 38

True

Question 39

What rights did Spartan women have?

Answer 39

They were educated, could own property, inherit land, and even participate in sports.

Question 40

Why did Alexander stop his military campaign and turn back toward Greece?

Answer 40

because his troops mutinied and refused to continue fighting eastward.

Question 41

What empire was the first target of Alexander’s army?

Answer 41

Persian empire

Question 42

“Reckless one, my Hector – your own fiery courage will destroy you! Have you no pity for him, our helpless son? Or me, and the destiny that weighs me down, your widow, now so soon?”

Answer 42

Andromache

Question 43

“Hector, stop! Don’t talk to me of pacts. There are no binding oaths between men and lions – wolves and lambs can enjoy no meeting of the minds – they are all bent on hating each other to the death. So with you and me, no truce till one or the other falls.”

Answer 43

Achilles

Question 44

“Remember your own father, great Achilles – as old as I am, past the threshold of deadly old age! I fathered hero sons in the wide realm of Troy, and now not a single one is left.”

Answer 44

Priam

Question 45

“Hera, stop trying to fathom all my thoughts. You will find them a trial [difficult], though you are my wife. Whatever is right for you to hear, no one, trust me, will know of it before you, neither god nor man.”

Answer 45

Zeus

Question 46

“Zeus, all you immortals! Grant this boy, my son, may be like me, first in glory among the Trojans, strong and brave like me, and rule all Troy in power and one day let them say, ‘he is a better man than his father - a joy to his mother’s heart!’”

Answer 46

Hector