Socio Cultural Influences Flashcards
(53 cards)
what factors influence participation
- Friends & Family
- Role models
- Gender
- Ethnicity & religion
- Disability
- Socio-Economic group
- Age
- School
how do friends and family influence participation
- Parents can encourage or discourage participation
- Might be surrounded by people who play a particular sport = familiar with sport from a young age
- Influenced by the attitudes of people your own age especially your friends
How does gender influence participation
- Still a gender divide in sports
- Less female role models in some sports
- Less media coverage = less sponsorship available in womens sport - fewer opportunities and less money at a high level
- Steryotypical views on gender in sport might affect what you decide to take up
- Gender steryotypes - not feminine to get sweaty or muddy and less manly to not play agresive sports
How does ethnicity and religion influence participation
- Religous festivals affect commitment
- Religous belief and tendencies affect participation
- Christians can’t play on sunday because it’s the Sabbath
- Muslim women have to keep their bodies covered - less likely to participate in swimming
how does disability influence participation
- Disabilities can limit the physical activity you do
- Growing opportunities for disabled people - more inclusive, adapting sports, new sports created
- More media coverage e.g paralympics - changes peoples attitudes
How does socio-economic (income and where you live) group influence participation
- most sports have participation fees = unaffordable
- sports require certain equipment and clothing - expensive
- specific facilities are often required - might not be available depending on where you live
- if you work at irregular hours or long days it can be harder to join clubs
- requires a lot of free time
How does school influence participation
- some students find PE embarassing or awkward - put off by it
- some students do not enjoy the competitive nature of sports
- School facilities can limit activities
- Having a good PE teacher can inspire people but a bad experience can put you off
- Allowing students to choose what activities they do means they are more willing
how do role models influence participation
- Role models are athletes who excel in their sport
- They inspire and encourage more people to particpate in that sport
How does age influence participation
- most people aged 16-30 have loads of choice for physical activity
- people over 50 are limited in there sports - less strenuous activities
- some sports can damage a young persons body
- competitions have a minimum age restriction
- young people have more free time
- older people are occupied wiht careers and families
what is commercialisation of sport
managing sport in a way designed ot make profit - mostly through sponsorship and media
sponsorship
the provision of money, equipment, clothing/footwear or facilities to an individual, team or event in return for some financial gain
The Golden Triangle
Spectators
Media
Sponsors
positives of sponsorship
- companies can assosiate their name with successful athletes and teams - form of advertising to make money
- sponsorship means money is invested in sport
- sponsorship money is used for development of facilities - benefits players and spectators
- players and officials are paid good wages
positives of media
- media coverage makes more people aware of the sport
- can create role models who inspire people to play
- spectators save money by streaming events online
- media analysis of games can educate spectators so they understand the sport better
negatives of media
- players can be harassed by the media
- their private lives are exposed online
- fewer fans buying tickets = loss in ticket sales for the sport & poorer atmosphere in the sadium
- the medias analysis of refereeing decisions puts sports officials under a lot of pressure
why are some sponsors inappropriate
- some sponsors promote unhealthy and harmful products
- cigarette and tobacco companies aren’t allowed to sponsor sports in the EU
- alcoholic drinks/unhealthy foods are allowed to sponsor some sports - gives a false image of health
- sport is watched by children it can encourage them to drink or eat unhealthily
negatives of sponsorship
- pressure on players with sponsorship deals
- bad behaviour by an athlete reflects badly on the sponsor and could damage the company’s reputation
- athletes have to fufill contracts by attending events that they might not want to
- athletes can get into trouble if they are spotted using another companies products
technology
a method that is developed to try and improve performance
impacts of technology on performers
+ improved performance
+ improved analysis
-latest technology is expensive
-can provide unfair advantage
impact of technology on sports
+ better facilities and security
+ improved performance/entertainment
-technology can be inaccurate/fail
-disrupt flow of play
impact of technology on officials
+help officials make valiad and reliable decisions - reduces pressure
+it has shown that umpires are right most of the time - increase in respect
-players contest the officials decision as everything is reviewed
impact of technology on spectators
+ more viewing options
-High costs of TV subscription packages
-take a long time to review and replay so can be boring for spectators
Impacts of technology on sponsors
+new opportunities for promotion and increased awareness
-High costs of funding new technologies
examples of technology in sports
Hawk-Eye = cricket and tennis - track and predict path of ball
Television match official (TMO) = rugby union - extra official who makes decisions by replaying and watching incidents
Goal-Line technology = football - cameras at each goal to tell whether the ball has crossed the line
