Sociocultural Approach to Understanding Behavior

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

Norms and Values that define a group or even a society

Question 2

Reciprocal determinism

Answer 2

Individual behavior is affected by the group, group behavior may also be influenced by individual

Question 3

Social Comparison

Answer 3

Comparing one’s own behavior with others

Question 4

Informative social influence

Answer 4

Learning from the behavior of others

Question 5

Normative social influence

Answer 5

Looking to others to learn acceptable behavior

Question 6

Conformity

Answer 6

Adapting own behavior to fit in with others

Question 7

Asch Paradigm

Answer 7

Procedure of experiment that tested an individual’s conformity to a wrong opinion of six other confederates

Question 8

Confederate

Answer 8

An actor who participates in a psychological experiment pretending to be a subject

Question 9

Content analysis

Answer 9

Method used to analyze qualitative data to look for themes or trends that emerge from the data

Question 10

Meta analysis

Answer 10

Pooling data from multiple studies of same research question to arrive at one combined answer

Question 11

Acculturation

Answer 11

process where someone comes into contact with another culture and begins to adopt the norms and behaviors of that culture

Question 12

acculturation gaps

Answer 12

Generational differences in acculturation, leading to conflict within family

Question 13

Acculturative stress

Answer 13

reduction in mental health of ethinic minorities that occurs during the process of adapting to a new culture (culture shock)

Question 14

Assimilation

Answer 14

when an individual abandons original culture and adopts the cultural behaviors and values of a new culture

Question 15

Cultural dimension

Answer 15

trends of behavior in a given culture that reflects the values of that culture

Question 16

Dispositional factors

Answer 16

individual characteristics that influence behavior of person (personality or temperment)

Question 17

Emic approach

Answer 17

looking at behaviors of a group from the perspective of one member of that group

Question 18

Enculturation

Answer 18

process of adopting schemas of personal culture

Question 19

Etic approach

Answer 19

Behavior is compared across specific cultures based on principles of universal properties in cultures

Question 20

Illusory correlation

Answer 20

when people see a relationship between two variables when there is none

Question 21

Integration

Answer 21

When an individual adopts values and behaviors of a new culture while still maintaining original culture

Question 22

Marginlaization

Answer 22

When it is impossible to maintain original culture due to exclusion or discrimmination

Question 23

Salience

Answer 23

when an individual is highly aware of their membership in a social group

Question 24

Self-efficacy

Answer 24

One’s belief in their own ability to succeed

Question 25

Stereotype threat

Answer 25

Worries about conforming to a negative stereotype that negatively impacts members of stereotyped group

Question 26

vicarious reinforcement

Answer 26

tendency to repeat or imitate behaviors upon seeing others get rewarded by it

Question 27

Vulnerability model

Answer 27

Models that show that environmental and social risk factors play a role in negative mental and physical health outcomes