sociological theories informing policies AC4.1

Question 1

situational crime preventation

Answer 1

aims to reduce opportunities for crime by increasing the difficulty of commiting one e.g neighbourhood watch

Question 2

limitations of situational crime preventation

Answer 2

• displacement > offenders will commit crimes in a different place or time
• only focuses on petty crimes not coperate crimes
• fails to find the root of the problem

Question 3

strengths of situational crime prevetation

Answer 3

• newburn > lower car crime rates when car secuirty was implemented
• relatively low cost so popular with the council like neighbourhood watch volenteering

Question 4

imprisonment (favoured by right realism)

Answer 4

main way in which society aims to control crime

Question 5

limitations of imprisonment

Answer 5

• overcrowding and budget cuts lead to prisoners lacking access to education in 2024 2000 prisoners were released due to overcrowding
• studies show it does not reduce crime enough
• more prisoners are unsafe now more commit suicides or self harm so this is unethical

Question 6

zero tolerance policy

Answer 6

taking a tough stance towards all crime no matter how small it is this policy has been used in various places in the uk

Question 7

strengths of zero tolerance policy

Answer 7

• crime was cut by 20% in 18 months after ZTP was introduced
• ZPT works well in heavily populated areas with high policing levels of petty crimes

Question 8

weaknesses of zero tolerance policy

Answer 8

• can lead to targetting ethnic minorities
• can be labour intensive
• fails to adress the actual causes of cirme

Question 9

CCTV

Answer 9

• CCTV operators watch live images if they spot criminal activity they can direct police response to the incident
• can be used to investigate or prveent crime
• potential offenders not knowing if they are being watched leads to them monitoring and regulating their own behaviour

Question 10

strengths of CCTV

Answer 10

• college of policng said it made a small but statistically signifcant reducation in crime
• use of cctv can reasure the public

Question 11

limitation of CCTV

Answer 11

• gill and loveday > suggest thta very few people are put off by ccyv
• use of cctv can result in steroty[ing with operatprs singling out black youths
• norris > belives it has very little effect other than displacement

Question 12

a restorative justice

Answer 12

• a voluntary proccess involving the person who has suffered and the one that caused it
• trained facilitators talk with the victim and iffender to come to a solution

Question 13

strengths of restorative justice

Answer 13

• allows the victims to have a voice
• reduces PTSD in victims and in some cases offenders turn away from crime for life
• 85% of bictims who took part said they were satisfied

Question 14

weakness of restorative justice

Answer 14

• victims may feel pressured to take part
• shifts responsibility from state to those involved
• if it took place pre senetnce it could effect outcomes of the offender as they can get off with a lighter sentence

Question 15

tackling inequality

Answer 15

• tackle poverty > better welfare benefits and better wages
• education in prisons > improving to help immates gain skills to get a better life when released
• democratic policing > reduction in stop amd searches
• multi-agency approach > “no knives better lives”