Sociology Flashcards
(49 cards)
What is intrinsic motivation
Motivation for enjoyment
What is extrinsic motivation
based on rewards and punishments
What is sociology
The study of interactions among people living in a community including their behaviours and beliefs.
What is urbanisation
The process of making an area more urban. Causes Major social problems like pollution, malnutrition, disease, crime and unemployment.
What is macro sociology:
Takes a wide perspective, concerned with studying society as a whole. Eg. healthcare system
What is microsociology:
Studies role and interactions of individuals or small groups eg. bedside manner
What are the origins of sociology.
Industrial revolution resulted in radical economic change
What are values
Shared standards of what is considered important.
What are norms
expectations about how people should behave.
What are roles
Expected behaviour of a person in a particular social position.
What is socialisation
Process of learning about, and developing, situationally appropriate behaviour.
What is primary socialisation
Learning basic skills needed to survive and function in society eg eating practices, hygiene
What is Secondary socialisation
Learning how to behave in group situations eg school or religious environment.
What is anticipatory socilization:
Involves the individual planning behaviour for a new social situation with unfamiliar expectations.
occurs when we start learning new norms and values in anticipation of a role we’ll occupy in the future
What is resocilization:
Process of negative behaviour being transformed into socially acceptable behaviour.
the process of learning new attitudes and norms required for a new social role.
what is Social inequality
the unequal distribution of resources, status in the social structure.
what is Social stratification
system of classifying individuals in a population based on qualities like wealth, power, prestige
what is Sociological definition of “group”:
A social group is a collection of individuals (two or more) connected by shared motivations, identity or actions
what is primary social group
a small, emotionally close, interdependent group whose members see one another often, know one another well, and value each member as a whole person
- e.g. family, friends
What is secondary group
a larger, more impersonal group that shares limited information, dependence, or interest from its members except for their contribution to the group goals
- e.g. sports team, religious community
what does aggregate mean
an aggregate is a collection of people who interact only briefly, if at all, and have little influence on one another.
i.e. people waiting for a bus together
What is instrumental leader
focussed on achieving group goals. Less concerned about quality of relationships. (get things done)
What is expressive leader
ocussed on maintaining group cohesion (togetherness). Less concerned about group goals.
define group conformity
a type of social influence that causes an individual to change their behavior or beliefs to fit in with a group.
