Sociology Flashcards
(43 cards)
what is “The Sociological Imagination”?
Thinking of the relationship between personal troubles and public issues. How individuals understand their own and others’ lives in relation to history and social structure (book). It is the capacity to see an individual’s private troubles in the context of the broader social processes that structure them (book).
Who termed “Sociological Imagination”?
C. Wright Mills
What is an example of the “Sociological Imagination”
Obesity is a widely shared social issue and therefore not simply a private concern. If private troubles are widely shared with others, they indicate that there is a common social problem that has its source in the way social life is structured (book).
What is the Industrial Revolution?
Instead of working in family in small towns and communities - moved to cities working wth strangers and big machines. Creation of wage labor, capitalist competition, increased mobility and social problems such as: poverty, exploitation, dangerous work conditions, etc
What are the three greatest influences on sociology?
The Enlightenment, French Revolution, Industrial Revolution
What is the Enlightenment?
(gave the world science) pre-enlightenment is listen to church and don’t question = huge idea observe the world with our own senses =basic idea of science > test, observe, study. Presented a challenge to traditional religious views. Emphasizing reason, individualism, and skepticism
What is the French Revolution?
The French Revolution was a period of time in France when the people overthrew the monarchy and took control of the government. Changed that you were born into your level.
Who coined the term ‘Sociology’?
August Comte
Was August Comte the first to think sociologically?
No
Who REINVENTED the term ‘positivism’?
August Comte
What is positivism?
the study of social patterns that would be studied in the same manner the natural sciences are structured
What did Comte want to do with sociology?
Wanted to use it to RESTORE ORDER to chaotic society through rational, evidence-based response
When was “The Sociological Imagination” created?
1959
Who UNDERSTOOD society in terms of generations as they experience things at the same time & in similar ways?What’s an example?
C. Wright Mills. E.g. Cereal and Millenials
Who is Peter Berger?
“The Strange in the Familiar” tooth fairy money example -> why do we encourage children to give teeth for money?
Prom -> what do assumptions tell us about society? Larger prophecies in society
- helping capitalism, ritual that is part of broader social fabric
AND “The General in the Particular” (how can we put that moment in context, social patterns)
What did Ibn Khaldun develop?
The concept of ‘generation’
What did Ibn Khaldun say about power and authority?
MOBILITY has an impact on power and authority. Nomadic: family ties reigned supreme
Sedentary: able to develop larger social spheres - power externalized from family at political, social cultures
Who was concerned with social solidarity?
Emile Durkheim
What are the two types of social solidarity?
Mechanical: low degree of labor specialization, few strangers, helps us understand what others are going through - no distinction between individual and collective conscience
Organic: High degree of labor specialization, all strangers
What is Emile Durkheim known for deeming?
Functionalism: like a body, all institutions rely on other parts to function properly
What is alienation? Who created this term?
Alienation is The condition in which an individual is isolated from his or her society, work, sense of self and/or common humanity. Karl Marx created this term, but Emile Durkheim used it in his explanation of organic solidarity
What is collective conscience?
social solidarity gives us rise to collective conscience: moral barring, shared sense of right vs wrong
What is Anomie? Who coined this term?
Emile Durkheim. Social sickness
Society no longer has clear norms or values to guide people
Everybody (all organs, institutions) and people within the institutions need to know their roles and if not, crisis emerges. Ex cuddlr: going to an app for a hug, failure in family institution
Ex selfies at funeral: sense of normlessness -> teens haven’t been to many funerals
What is the Social Fact? Who coined this term?
Emile Durkheim. External to the self, but they impact our actions, beliefs, thoughts
Ex: education system is outside of us, imagined and developed before I was born, but the whole system had a huge socializing impact on my abilities, skills, and consciousness (how I imagine the world and myself)
Religion -> born into it
