Sociology Education Topic 1

Question 1

Define material deprivation

Answer 1

Inability to afford basic resources such as adequate housing, food and heating

Question 2

Define cultural deprivation

Answer 2

Deficiencies in family and home background such as inadequate socialisation, inappropriate language skills and inappropriate attitudes and skills

Question 3

Define cultural capital

Answer 3

knowledge, language, attitude and values, lifestyle

Question 4

Speech codes

Answer 4

differences in speech codes put WC children at a disadvantage because elaborated code used by teachers, textbooks and exams. Early socialisation into elaborated code means MC pupils are already at an advantage

Question 5

Douglas

Answer 5

WC parents place less value on education; they are less ambitious for their children + give them less encouragement to participate in educational activities such as hw.
Many WC parents do not attend parents evening

Question 6

Sugarmann

Answer 6

Fatalism - belief in fate
Collectivism - valuing being part of a group than individual
Immediate gratification - seeking pleasure now rather than making sacrifices in order to get rewards in future
Present-time orientation - seeing present more important than future, therefore having no long term goals

Question 7

Housing

Answer 7

Overcrowdment - no room for educational activities such as hw and reading
Disturbed sleep from sharing bedrooms
Greater risks of accidents + higher risks of getting ill which ends to absences
Temporary accomodation - distubed education

Question 8

Diet and Health

Answer 8

Young people from poorer homes have lower intakes of energy, vitamins and minerals. Poor nutrition affects health by wreaking immune system which leads to absences from school (Howard)
Blanden + Machin —> WC pupils are more likely to have emotional or behavioural problems. More likely to engage in externalising heavier (fighting and temper tantrums) —> disrupt schooling

Question 9

Financial support + costs of education

Answer 9

• WC pupils due to lack of financial support miss out on experiences that would enhance their educational achievement.
• Cost of items places a heavy burden on poor families
• Hand me downs and cheap equipment —> bullying, isolated and stigmatised
• children from low-income families need to work

Question 10

Cultural capital
Bourdieu

Answer 10

cultural capital —> economic capital —> educational capital