Soft Tissue & Myofascial Release Techniques

Question 1

Fascial Layers

Answer 1

Pannicular Fascia (Panniculus)

Axial & Appendicular Fascia

Meningeal Fascia

Visceral Fascia

Question 2

Viscoelastic Material

Answer 2

Any material that deforms according to rate of loading and deformity

Question 3

Stress

Answer 3

Force that attempts to deform a connective tissue structure

Question 4

Strain

Answer 4

The percentage of deformation of a connective tissue

Question 5

Hysteresis

Answer 5

Energy loss in the connective tissue system = the difference between the loading and unloading characertistics

Question 6

Creep

Answer 6

Connective tissue under a sustained, constant load, will elongate in response to the load

Question 7

Ease

Answer 7

The direction in which the connective tissue may be moved most easily during deformational stretching

Question 8

Bind

Answer 8

A palpable restriction of connective tissue mobility

Question 9

Common Compensatory

Answer 9

80% of healthy people

L/R/L/R

Question 10

Uncommon compensatory

Answer 10

R/L/R/L

Question 11

Uncompensated Pattern

Answer 11

Usually symptomatic

Usually a trauma is involved

Question 12

Soft tissue Indications

Answer 12

Diagnostically - identify areas of restricted motion, tissue texture changes, sensitivity
Feedback - tissue response to OMT
Immune Response - improve local and systemic
Relaxation - provide
Enhance circulation - to local Myofascial structures
Tonic stimulation - a general state provided

Question 13

SOAP Note

Answer 13

Subjective

Objective

Assessment

Plan

Question 14

Soft Tissue

Answer 14

Living tissues of the body other than bone

Fascia, muscles, organs, nerves, Vasculature, lymphatic

Question 15

Fascial Anatomy

Answer 15

CT layers composed of collagen fibers (elastin fibers) in an amorphous matrix of hydrated proteoglycans (PGs) which mechanically links the collagen fiber networks in these structures

Question 16

Fascia

Answer 16

Complete system with blood supply, fluid drainage, innervations
(Largest organ system in the body)

Composed of irregular arranged fibrous elements of varying density

Question 17

Function of Fascia

Answer 17

Involved in tissue protection and healing of surrounding systems

Question 18

Fascia is not…

Answer 18

Tendons

Ligaments

Aponeuroses

Question 19

Pannicular Fascia (Panniculus)

Answer 19

Outermost layer of fascia
Derived from somatic mesenchyme
Surrounds entire body with exception of the orifices
Outer layer is adipose tissues
Inner layer is membranous and adherent to the outer layer

Question 20

Axial and Appendicular Fascia (Investing Layer)

Answer 20

Internal to the pennicular layer

Fused to the panniculus and surrounds all of the muscles, the periosteum of the bone and peritendon of tendons

Question 21

Meningeal Fascia

Answer 21

Surrounds the nervous system

Includes the dura mater

Question 22

Visceral Fascia

Answer 22

Surrounds the body cavities (pleural, pericardial, and peritoneum)

Question 23

Fascia provides mobility and stability of the musculoskeletal system through

Answer 23

Contractile: myofibroblasts

Healing: macrophages, mast cells

Question 24

Principles of ST Technique

Answer 24

Patient comfort
Physician comfort
Forces are very gentle and of low amplitude
Increase the amplitude

Question 25

Stretch

Answer 25

Increase distance between origin and insertion (parallel with muscle fibers)

Question 26

Knead

Answer 26

Repetitive pushing of tissue perpendicular to muscle fibers

Question 27

Inhibition

Answer 27

Plus and hold perpendicular to the fibers at the musculotendinous part of the hypertonic muscle Hold until relation of tissues

Question 28

MFR

Answer 28

A system of diagnosis and treatment first described by AT Still and his early students, which engages continual Palpation feedback to achieve release of Myofascial tissues

Question 29

INR (integrated neuromusculoskeletal release)

Answer 29

A treatment system in which combined procedures are designed to stretch and reflexively release patterned soft tissues nd joint related restrictions

Question 30

REMs

Answer 30

Speed the INR treatment process Breath holding - goal to alter both intrathoracic and intraabdominal pressure suing costodiaphragmatic, shoulder girdle, and lumbopelvic interactions Prone and Supine simulated swimming and pendulum arm swing maneuvers as direct and indirect Barrie’s are released R/L cervical rotation Isometric limb and neck movements against the table, chair Patient evoked movement from cranial nerves

Question 31

Absolute Contradictions of MFR

Answer 31

Lack of patient consent Absence of somatic dysfunction

Question 32

Relative Contraindications of MFR

Answer 32

Infection of soft tissue or bone Fracture, avulsion, or dislocation Metastatic disease Soft tissue injuries: thermal, hematoma or open wounds Post op patient with wound dehiscence Rheumatologist condition involving instability of cervical spine DVT or anticoagulation therapy

Question 33

Inherent forces

Answer 33

Using the body’s PRM (primary respiratory mechanism)

Question 34

Respiratory Cooperation

Answer 34

Refers to a physician directed, patient informed, inhalation or exhalation or a holding of the breath to assist with the manipulative intervention

Question 35

Patient cooperation

Answer 35

The patient is asked to move in specific directions to aid in mobilizing the specific areas of restriction

Question 36

Activating Forces

Answer 36

Inherent forces Respiratory cooperation Patient cooperation