Soil physical-chemical interactions

Question 1

Water of hydration

Answer 1

Ions such as Na and Ca attract water molecules and form hydrated shells
Larger hydrated Na ions lead to dispersion while Ca leads to Flocculation
Impacts soil structure and pearmiability

Question 2

Water movement and solute transport

Answer 2

Solute moves via:
Mass flow- driven by water movement
Diffusion- concentration gradients

Influenced by:
Reactivity with soil surface
solubility