SOL

Question 1

What does DMV mean?

Answer 1

Density = Mass/Volume

Question 2

How do you find the volume of irregular objects?

Answer 2

Through water displacement

Question 3

Why do warm liquids and gasses rise?

Answer 3

They are less dense.

Question 4

What do cold liquids and gasses do?

Answer 4

They sink

Question 5

As _____________ increases so does density.

Answer 5

Pressure

Question 6

What is a hypothesis?

Answer 6

A testable prediction that attempts to explain a problem/unexplained phenomenon

Question 7

What is a variable?

Answer 7

A factor in an experimental design which is different for each trial

Question 8

What are constants?

Answer 8

Factors in a n experimental design which remain the same across all trials.

Question 9

What is a scientific theory?

Answer 9

Something that has passes experimental tests of its accuracy and validity.

Question 10

How many explanations can there be for any phenomenon.

Answer 10

More than 1.

Question 11

What are latitude lines?

Answer 11

Lines that extend East-West but measure North and South of the equator.

Question 12

What are longitude lines?

Answer 12

Lines that extend North-South but measure East and West of the Prime Meridian.

Question 13

How do you know if a slope is steep?

Answer 13

By how close the contour lines are to each other.

Question 14

What does a V contour line mean?

Answer 14

It means there is a river/creek.

Question 15

What does the lithosphere contain?

Answer 15

Crust and upper mantle.

Question 16

What is the difference between oceanic crust and a continental crust?

Answer 16

The oceanic crust is thinner, younger, and denser than the continental crust.

Question 17

What are convergent boundaries?

Answer 17

Locations where tectonic plates collide, causing folded or thrust faulted mountains, subduction zones, and reverse faults.

Question 18

What are divergent boundaries?

Answer 18

Locations where tectonic plates move apart causing Sea-Floor Spreading, Mid-Ocean Ridges, Rift Valleys, and Volcanoes.

Question 19

What are Transform boundaries?

Answer 19

Plates slide past each other

Question 20

Are hot spots related to plate movement?

Answer 20

No

Question 21

What is a fault?

Answer 21

A break or crack in the Earth’s crust where plate movement has occured

Question 22

Are the App Mts. folded?

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

Where does volcanic activity occur?

Answer 23

Zones of subduction, rifting, and sea floor spreading

Question 24

Why will a oceanic plate always sink under a continental plate?

Answer 24

The oceanic plate is more dense.

Question 25

What are P-Waves?

Answer 25

Primary waves travel the fastest & reach the seismic station first - they travel through solids, gases, and liquids, but they slow & bend as they move through the earth's liquid outer core

Question 26

What are S-Waves?

Answer 26

Surfaces waves do not travel through liquids.

Question 27

What is weathering?

Answer 27

The process in which rocks are broken down by water, air, and organisms.

Question 28

When does chemical weathering occur?

Answer 28

It occurs fastest in warm, humid climates.

Question 29

When does mechanical weathering occur?

Answer 29

It occurs fastest in cold climates due to Ice Wedging.

Question 30

What is Erosion?

Answer 30

It is the process by which materials are transported by moving water, ice, or wind. Gravity is the force behind all of these agents of erosion.

Question 31

What are the major agents of erosion?

Answer 31

Streams and moving water.

Question 32

What is deposition

Answer 32

The dropping or settling out of sediments from water on the air.

Question 33

What does soil evolution start with?

Answer 33

The weathering of bedrock.

Question 34

Karst Topography -

Answer 34

An area that has limestone bedrock, dissolved by acidic groundwater to form caves and sinkholes.

Question 35

What is an aquifier?

Answer 35

A layer of highly permeable rock through which groundwater flows, sometimes over great distances.

Question 36

What is a spring?

Answer 36

An area where the water table reach's the land's surface

Question 37

What does the water cycle include the process of?

Answer 37

1) Evaporation 2) Condensation 3) Precipitaiton 4) Run-off

Question 38

What is a mineral?

Answer 38

A naturally occuring, inorganic solid, with a definite chemical composition and structure.

Question 39

What do VA's natural resources include?

Answer 39

Limestone, Coal, & Gravel

Question 40

What is a fossil?

Answer 40

The remains (bone or tooth) impression (footprint) or other evidence of a dead life form preserved in rock.

Question 41

What does the Law of Superposition state?

Answer 41

That the obvious assumption that older rock layers are found underneath younger layers

Question 42

What does the Law of Cross-cutting relationships state?

Answer 42

That an igneous intrusion is younger that the layers it cuts across.

Question 43

What are 'Superposition' & 'Cross-Cutting' used for?

Answer 43

To find the relative ages of rocks & fossils.

Question 44

What are relative ages?

Answer 44

Rough estimates of how old a rock or fossil is, based on comparisons to the known ages of rocks and fossils located near to it.

Question 45

What is radioactive decay rates and half-life used to determine?

Answer 45

The absolute age of rocks

Question 46

What does Uranium dating do?

Answer 46

Used to find the ages of the oldest rocks

Question 47

What is Carbon-14 dating used for?

Answer 47

To find the ages of human artifacts and fossils of living things that have died in the last 50,000 years..

Question 48

How old is the earth?

Answer 48

About 4.6 billion years old

Question 49

What are unconformities?

Answer 49

Missing rock layers, usually a result of erosion.

Question 50

What are tides caused by?

Answer 50

The gravitational pull of the Earth and Moon on the oceans.

Question 51

What are currents resulted in?

Answer 51

The cold movement of the ocean water in warm areas.

Question 52

What does upwelling bring?

Answer 52

Cold, nutrient-rich water from the bottom of the ocean to the surface.

Question 53

What are estruaries? List at least one.

Answer 53

Where salt water mixes with fresh water. The Chesapeke Bay is an example.

Question 54

When does the sea level rise?

Answer 54

When ice caps and glaciers melt from land areas.