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Solar_MCQ Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q
  1. Who discovered the photovoltaic effect?
    A. Albert Einstein
    B. Charles Fritts
    C. Alexandre Edmond Becquerel
    D. Edward Weston
A

C. Alexandre Edmond Becquerel

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2
Q
  1. What is the main function of a solar inverter?
    A. Store electricity in batteries
    B. Convert AC to DC
    C. Convert DC to AC
    D. Generate heat from sunlight
A

C. Convert DC to AC

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3
Q
  1. What year was the first practical silicon-based solar cell developed?
    A. 1954
    B. 1963
    C. 1905
    D. 1973
A

A

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4
Q
  1. Which component in a solar panel absorbs sunlight and generates electron-hole pairs?
    A. Copper wiring
    B. Semiconductor material
    C. Battery
    D. Heat exchanger
A

B

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5
Q
  1. What is the average efficiency of monocrystalline solar panels?
    A. 10–13%
    B. 15–20%
    C. 18–24%
    D. 25–30%
A

C

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6
Q
  1. What does the Performance Ratio (PR) measure?
    A. Battery storage capacity
    B. Sunlight hours per day
    C. System efficiency
    D. Inverter power rating
A

C

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7
Q
  1. Which country is the global leader in installed solar capacity as of 2024?
    A. United States
    B. China
    C. Germany
    D. India
A

B

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8
Q
  1. What solar technology allows electricity generation from both sides of the panel?
    A. PERC
    B. Thin-film
    C. Monocrystalline
    D. Bifacial
A

D

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9
Q
  1. Which Philippine law promotes solar development through incentives and tax breaks?
    A. Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act
    B. Renewable Energy Act of 2008
    C. Green Energy Auction Program
    D. Executive Order 232
A

B

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10
Q
  1. What is the depth of discharge (DoD) in battery systems?
    A. Maximum voltage capacity
    B. Ratio of sunlight hours
    C. Usable battery energy fraction
    D. Conversion rate of DC to AC
A

C

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11
Q
  1. What year did Sharp begin mass production of solar panels?
    A. 1954
    B. 1963
    C. 1977
    D. 1983
A

B

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12
Q
  1. What is the unit of solar irradiance?
    A. kWh
    B. Wh
    C. W/m²
    D. kW/m
A

C

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13
Q
  1. What is the formula to calculate daily energy output of a solar panel?
    A. E = I × A
    B. E = Poutput × H
    C. E = Pinput × η
    D. E = Ptotal / ηinv
A

B

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14
Q
  1. Which solar panel type is the least efficient but lightweight and flexible?
    A. Monocrystalline
    B. Polycrystalline
    C. Thin-film
    D. PERC
A

C

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15
Q
  1. What does a PN junction in a solar cell do?
    A. Increases sunlight absorption
    B. Heats up the panel
    C. Creates an electric field
    D. Stores electrical energy
A

C

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16
Q
  1. What country launched the ‘Solar Great Wall’ project?
    A. India
    B. USA
    C. China
    D. UAE
A

C

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17
Q
  1. What does the charge controller rating (Icc) formula involve?
    A. Icc = Poutput × V
    B. Icc = Pinput / η
    C. Icc = Poutput / V
    D. Icc = E / V
A

C

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18
Q
  1. What is the main function of solar tracking systems?
    A. Improve battery lifespan
    B. Store excess power
    C. Follow the sun to increase output
    D. Convert AC to DC
A

C

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19
Q
  1. What is the efficiency range of polycrystalline panels?
    A. 10–13%
    B. 15–20%
    C. 18–24%
    D. 20–23%
A

B

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20
Q
  1. What solar company is known for being German-managed and active in the Philippines?
    A. Greenergy
    B. Meralco
    C. PHILERGY
    D. Enfinity
A

C

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21
Q
  1. What year did Albert Einstein publish his paper on the photoelectric effect?
    A. 1905
    B. 1921
    C. 1954
    D. 1970
A

A

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22
Q
  1. What is the energy output formula of a solar panel per year?
    A. E = Pinput × 365
    B. Eyear = E × 365
    C. Eyear = I × A
    D. Eyear = E / 365
A

B

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23
Q
  1. What is the advantage of bifacial solar panels?
    A. Built-in inverter
    B. Higher cost efficiency
    C. Energy absorption on both sides
    D. Longer lifespan
A

C

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24
Q
  1. What is the power output formula of a solar panel?
    A. Poutput = Pinput × η
    B. Poutput = I × η
    C. Poutput = A × η
    D. Poutput = E / H
A

A

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25
25. Which battery type is more efficient and has a longer lifespan? A. Lead-acid B. Nickel-cadmium C. Lithium-ion D. Alkaline
C
26
26. What is the average panel efficiency of PERC solar panels? A. 10–13% B. 15–20% C. 20–23% D. 18–24%
C
27
27. What solar application is best for water heating in households? A. PV panels B. Thin-film panels C. Solar thermal collectors D. Solar tracker systems
C
28
28. What type of solar power is used for large-scale generation using mirrors and heat? A. Monocrystalline PV B. BIPV C. CSP (Concentrated Solar Power) D. PERC panels
C
29
29. What was the installed solar capacity of the Philippines as of 2023? A. 500 MW B. 1,500 MW C. 2,500 MW D. 5,000 MW
B
30
30. What is the term for panels built into building materials like windows or facades? A. Smart panels B. Solar skins C. Transparent solar D. Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV)
D
31
31. What Philippine program allows users to export excess solar power back to the grid? A. Feed-in Tariff B. Powerwall Program C. Net Metering Program D. Renewable Energy Auction
C
32
32. What is the formula to calculate solar power input? A. Pinput = η × H B. Pinput = I × A C. Pinput = E / A D. Pinput = V × I
B
33
33. Which company manufactures high-efficiency bifacial and TOPCon panels globally? A. SunPower B. JinkoSolar C. Solaric D. Greenergy
B
34
34. Which solar company pioneered rooftop solar systems in Mindanao? A. Solaric B. SunPower PH C. PHILERGY D. Greenergy Solar
D
35
35. What trend describes solar panels floating on water? A. Transparent solar B. Agrivoltaics C. Floatovoltaics D. Hydro-solar
C
36
36. What efficiency is typical of thin-film solar panels? A. 10–13% B. 15–20% C. 20–23% D. 25–30%
A
37
37. What system loss is caused by temperature increase in solar panels? A. Voltage drop B. Temperature coefficient loss C. Inverter loss D. Cloud shading
B
38
38. What law institutionalized energy efficiency in the Philippines in 2019? A. Renewable Energy Act B. Energy Modernization Law C. Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act D. Green Infrastructure Law
C
39
39. What is the approximate weight of one standard solar panel? A. 10–12 kg B. 15–17 kg C. 17–21 kg D. 25–30 kg
C
40
40. What solar technology increases panel output by adjusting to the sun's position? A. PERC B. Bifacial C. Tracking system D. Inverter
C
41
41. What component converts direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC)? A. Battery B. Transformer C. Inverter D. Regulator
C
42
42. Which solar panel type is made from a single silicon crystal and offers high efficiency? A. Polycrystalline B. Monocrystalline C. Thin-film D. Perovskite
B
43
43. What is the purpose of a charge controller in a solar setup? A. Improve battery lifespan B. Track sunlight C. Convert DC to AC D. Prevent battery overcharging
D
44
44. What is the formula to determine the number of solar panels needed for a home? A. N = Epanel / Ehome B. N = A × η C. N = Ehome / Epanel D. N = V / I
C
45
45. What Philippine solar company is located in Makati and offers turnkey solar solutions? A. Greenergy B. SunPower C. PHILERGY D. Solaric
D
46
46. Which solar panel technology integrates solar with windows or building materials? A. Smart grid panels B. Passive solar C. BIPV D. HJT
C
47
47. What global company is known for its Vertex and TOPCon solar modules? A. LONGi B. Trina Solar C. Canadian Solar D. SunPower
B
48
48. What is the meaning of DoD in battery systems? A. Degree of Discharge B. Depth of Discharge C. Drop-off Deviation D. Daily Output Distribution
B
49
49. What organization was created in 1977 to focus on renewable energy in the U.S.? A. NASA B. SEIA C. DOE D. NREL
D
50
50. What is a common advantage of solar panels over fossil fuels? A. Requires more space B. High pollution C. Zero emissions during operation D. Higher upfront cost
C
51
51. What year did Tesla release the Powerwall battery system? A. 2012 B. 2015 C. 2018 D. 2020
B
52
52. What causes solar panels to lose efficiency on hot days? A. Water vapor B. Excessive shading C. Temperature coefficient loss D. Faulty inverter
C
53
53. Which solar panel type has the highest efficiency in most cases? A. Thin-film B. Polycrystalline C. Monocrystalline D. Perovskite
C
54
54. What is the unit for battery capacity in solar systems? A. W B. Ah C. V D. kWh
B
55
55. Which company leads global solar panel manufacturing as of 2024? A. Trina Solar B. Canadian Solar C. JinkoSolar D. SunPower
C
56
56. What innovation enables solar panels to collect energy even on reflective surfaces like snow? A. Bifacial panels B. Transparent panels C. Thin-film panels D. Smart grid panels
A
57
57. What is the term for combining solar energy with farming on the same land? A. Agrosolarism B. Solar synergy C. Agrivoltaics D. Solargriculture
C
58
58. What is the primary environmental benefit of solar energy? A. Eliminates all energy costs B. Reduces water demand C. Generates CO₂ D. Replaces batteries
B
59
59. Which government policy enables competitive bidding for solar projects in the Philippines? A. Executive Order 462 B. Green Energy Auction Program (GEAP) C. Net Metering D. Solar Investment Policy
B
60
60. What new battery type is being explored as a replacement for lithium-ion? A. Lead-carbon B. Sodium-ion C. Nickel-metal hydride D. Solid-state
D

Energy MCQ (13 decks)

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