SOLID dosage forms 1

Question 1

five factors particle size can affect

Answer 1

1. dissolution rate
2. suspendability of particles
3. uniform distribution
4. penetrability of particles intended to be inhaled
5. degree of smoothness of ophthalmic and dermal preps.

Question 2

facts about characterisation of powders

Answer 2

ideal repose angle is less than 40 for good flow property. Also make sure to have narrow range in particles size to avoid seperation.

Question 3

trituration : reduction of a particle size from a solid substance to a finer state why?

Answer 3

1.facilitate crude drug extraction,
2.increase dissolution rate of drug ,
3.aid in the formulation of acceptable doage form
4. enhance the absorption of drugs

Question 4

what is a granule

Answer 4

agglomerates of smaller particles of powder of irregular but overall spherical in shape. they are much larger but more free flowing compared to powders.

Question 5

excipients added to active ingredient industry centred
1. binder (adhesive/granulating ingredient )

Answer 5

bind the tablet ingredients together giving form and mechanical strength eg. natural or synthetic polymers (starch, sugars )

Question 6

excipients added to active ingredient industry centred
2. lubricant/glidant
(adhesive/granulating ingredient )

Answer 6

improve flow of powdered mix during compression by reducing friction and adhesion bet particles, also used as anti-caking agent (colloidal anhydrous silicon, silica compounds)

Question 7

excipients added to active ingredient, patient centred
3. filler/dilutent

Answer 7

provide bulk with potent drugs reduces the concentration of the active ingredient enabling dosing eg( lactose, glucose silicates , mg salts ,dextrin)

Question 8

excipients added to active ingredient, patient centred
4. Disintegrant

Answer 8

Aid dispersion of tablet in the GI tract. releasing the AI and increasing the surface are for dissolution eg (compounds that swell(starch) or dissolve in water, cellulose derivatives and alginates)

note ; the greater amount of disintegrant the faster rate of dissolution.

Question 9

excipients added to active ingredient, patient centred
5. tablet coating

Answer 9

-to protect tablet from environment, air ,acid, moisture
- increase mechanical strength
- aid in swallowing
- can be used to modify release profile of active ingredient
eg. sucrose, natural and synthetic polymers

Question 10

excipients added to active ingredient, patient centred
6. colouring agents

Answer 10

• improve acceptability to patients
• aid identification
• prevent counterfeiting
  eg. natural colouring and synthetic dyes

Question 11

importance of excipients

Answer 11

ideally pharmacologically inactive, non-toxic and not interact with active ingredient.