solution chemistry quiz

Question 1

what is a solution

Answer 1

a specific type of homo. mixture containing at least 2 substances (solute + solvent)

Question 2

what is a solute

Answer 2

a substance that is dissolved in another substance

Question 3

what is a solvent

Answer 3

substance in greater abundance in which another substance is dissolved

Question 4

what does the composition of a solution look like

Answer 4

uniform throughout

Question 5

whats an unsaturated solution

Answer 5

one that’s solute amt is lower then the curve.

Question 6

whats a saturated solution

Answer 6

one that’s solute amt is on the curve

Question 7

whats a super saturated solution

Answer 7

one that’s solute amt is above the curve

Question 8

whats a aqueous solution

Answer 8

solvent is water; dissolved in water

Question 9

whats solubility

Answer 9

the degree to which a substance can dissolve

Question 10

what is solubility dependent on

Answer 10

pressure, temperature, chemical properties of solute and solvent

Question 11

how does changing pressure effect solubility in gases?

Answer 11

in gases: ↑pressure ↑solubility

Question 12

how does changing pressure effect solubility in solids and liquids?

Answer 12

in solids and liquids: no change

Question 13

how does changing temperature effect solubility in solids

Answer 13

solids: ↑temp = ↑ solubility

Question 14

how does changing temperatures effect solubility in gases

Answer 14

solubility decreases as temp increases and pressure decreases
opposite of ideal gas curve

Question 15

what are polar solvents

Answer 15

ex: water
dissolves polar solutes
due to attractive forces between molecules (partial pos and neg)

Question 16

can ionic solids dissolve in polar solvents

Answer 16

yes they can. when they do, they dissociate into component ions and act as electrolytes

Question 17

can polar solvents dissolve non-polar solutes

Answer 17

Polar solvents cannot dissolve non-polar solutes

Question 18

can non polar solvents dissolve polar solutes

Answer 18

Non-polar solvents cannot dissolve polar solutes

Question 19

can non-polar solvents dissolve non-polar solutes

Answer 19

non-polar solvents can dissolve polar-solutes

Question 20

what are colligative properties

Answer 20

when a solute interrupts the normal behavior of a solvent.

Question 21

what are colligative properties dependent on, and what are they not dependent on

Answer 21

number of particles present in a solution (concentration)
not dependent on type of particle or mas

Question 22

whats freezing point depression

Answer 22

when freezing point decreases with the addition of a solute.

Question 23

why does freezing point depression occur

Answer 23

Solute particles hinder solvent particles from clustering together effectively to solidify

Question 24

whats boiling point elevation

Answer 24

boiling point can be increased with the addition of a solute

Question 25

why does boiling point elevation occur

Answer 25

solute molecules occupy space at surface, lowering rate of vaporization. solute particles introduce new attractive forces with the solvent molecules, trapping them in the liquid phase.

Question 26

what type of solute has the greatest effect on freezing/boiling point

Answer 26

ionic solutes, as they can dissociate in solution, multiplying their effectiveness. twice as much solute.

Question 27

what is molarity

Answer 27

moles per liter

Question 28

what is the unit for molarity

Answer 28

M

Question 29

what is the molarity formula

Answer 29

x moles/ x liters