Solutions

Question 0

Solvent-

Answer 0

Part of a solution present in the largest amount.

Question 1

A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and at least one solute is called a _________.

Answer 1

Solution

Question 2

Solute-

Answer 2

A substance present in a solution in abolition in a smaller amount.

Question 3

In a solution, the _______ is dissolved by the _____________.

Answer 3

Solute

Solvent

Question 4

Why is water called the universal solvent?

Answer 4

Because water dissolves so many substances.

Question 5

What are affects of solutes on solutions?

Answer 5

• solutes raise the boiling point of a solvent.
• the temp must drop lower then 0 degrees Celsius for water to freeze when a solute is dissolved in water.
• antifreeze boils at a lower temp than pure water.

Question 6

Dilute solution-

Answer 6

A mixture that only has a little solute dissolved in a certain amount of solvent.

Question 7

Concentrated solution-

Answer 7

One that has a lot of solute dissolved in the solvent.

Question 8

Solubility-

Answer 8

Is a measure of how much solute can dissolve in s solvent at a given temp.

Question 9

Saturated solution-

Answer 9

When you have added so much solute that no more dissolves.

Question 10

Supersaturated solution-

Answer 10

Has more dissolved solute than is predicted by it’s solubility at a given temp.

Question 11

A mixture that has so much solute that no more will dissolve is called a ___________________.

Answer 11

Saturated solution.

Question 12

A mixture in which more solute can can be can be dissolved is called an ______________.

Answer 12

Unsaturated solution

Question 13

What are 3 factors that affect the solubility?

Answer 13

1. Pressure
2. Type of solvent
3. Temperature

Question 14

The higher the pressure of gas, the ______ has can dissolve in a solvent.

Answer 14

More

Question 15

True or false?

Nonpolar compounds dissolve in polar solvents.

Answer 15

False

Question 16

What is true about temperature and solubility?

Answer 16

• most solids become more soluble as the temp goes up.
• most gases become less soluble as the temp goes up.
• carbon dioxide dissolved better in cold water than in hot water.

Question 17

Valence electrons-

Answer 17

Electrons that have the highest energy level and are held most loosely.

Question 18

Atomic number-

Answer 18

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Question 19

period-

Answer 19

The row of elements across the periodic table.

Question 20

Group-

Answer 20

Elements in the same column.

Question 21

Family-

Answer 21

Elements in the same column.

Question 22

___________ are those electrons that are held most loosely in an atom.

Answer 22

Valence

Question 23

True or false?

The # of valence electrons in an atom of an element determines the ways in which the atom can bond.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

True not false? | When atoms form bonds,electrons may be transferred or shared between atoms.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

How are elements represented in the periodic table?

Answer 25

By a symbol.

Question 26

The ____________ of an element is the # of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Answer 26

Atomic number

Question 27

What is a row of elements across the periodic table called?

Answer 27

A period.

Question 28

Describe how atomic # changes across the periodic table.

Answer 28

It increased on at a time across a period of elements from smallest to largest.

Question 29

What are elements in the same column called?

Answer 29

A group or family.

Question 30

Elements within a group always have the same # of __________ ___________.

Answer 30

Valence electrons.

Question 31

How is the periodic table organized?

Answer 31

In the order of increasing atomic mass.

Question 32

Describe how the # of electrons changes across a period of elements?

Answer 32

As the # of of protons change, the # of electrons also change.

Question 33

What is the greatest # of valence electrons an atom can have?

Answer 33

8

Question 34

Matter-

Answer 34

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

Question 35

Element-

Answer 35

Simplest pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance.

Question 36

Compound-

Answer 36

Pure substance made of 2 or more elements that are combined chemically in a special ratio.

Question 37

Mixture-

Answer 37

2 or more substances that are in the same place but not chemically combined.

Question 38

Atom-

Answer 38

Smallest particle of an element.

Question 39

Electron-

Answer 39

Negatively charged particle in an atom.

Question 40

Nucleus-

Answer 40

Positively charged region in the center of an atom.

Question 41

Proton-

Answer 41

Positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom.

Question 42

``` • 7 • N • N • • Nitrogen Atomic #? # of protons? Valence electrons? Reactive or stable Metal or nonmetal? ```

Answer 42

``` Atomic #= 7 7 protons 5 valence electrons Reactive, doesn't have 8 valence electrons. Nonmetal. ```

Question 43

An atoms ___________ ____________ are those that have the highest energy level.

Answer 43

Valence electrons.

Question 44

The force of attraction that holds 2 atoms together is called a __________ __________.

Answer 44

Chemical bond.

Question 45

Evaporation-

Answer 45

The liquid evaporates and a solid residue is left behind. | * salt water

Question 46

Distillation-

Answer 46

Two step process: 1. Heats a solution to change one part into a gas 2. Cools the gas/vapor to liquid form and collects it.

Question 47

Filtration-

Answer 47

The use of a funnel and filter paper to separate a solid from a liquid. The liquid passes through the filter paper and is called gilt rated. The solid remains in the filter paper and is called residue. * coffee

Question 48

Sifting-

Answer 48

Using a sieve, different sized substances can be separated.

Question 49

Magnetism-

Answer 49

A magnet can be used to remove metal from non-metallic substances.