Some more Flashcards
(41 cards)
Depression as strong a marker for what as what?
mortality as smoking
depression assoc with increased risk of what conditions?
CVD, stroke, DM, mortality, cancer
Depression and CVD…
Increased cardiac risk in CAD patinets?
What change in cardiac events? controlling for what?
MD and GAD predict cardiac death/events with what OR?
15-20% increase
doubles - controlling for EF and number of blocked arteries
2.55 and 2.47
4 physiological effects of depression in CAD…
platelet adherence
endothelial dysfunction
lower heart rate variability
lifestyle adherence
Treating depression in CAD... safe? unsafe? optimal? effects...
SSRI
TCA
meds and psych
decreased events, survival unchanged
Self-management techniques for emotional well-being…
PATCH over life’s troubles
Problem solving Assertiveness Time management CBT Humour (sense of)
Provider should also help - encourage social support, create management plans, screen
TCAs - NNT and stopping due to SE?
MAO
help 1:7-16
stop 1:4-30
Use if SSRI/SNRT not tolerated
MAO - worsened SEs and more interactions
How does exercise compare to control, pyscho or pharm?
slightly more effective than control, not more effective than other options
Nutrition and depression…
An overview statement…
How does ILI fit in?
there is no good consistent evidence to make specific nutrition recommendations
ILI improves BDI scores, social functioning scores, mental health scores - better over 6 weeks when BMI decreased more
Supplementation of what helps treat depression?
folic acid and fish oil
3 components of positive psychology?
Develop positive emotions
Experience contentment with the past, happiness in the present, hope for th future
Focus on individual virutes and strengths
2 ways to encourage positive moeitons
1) promote activites and perpectives tan increase self-efficacy in managing stress
2) viewing stress as a signal to find more appropriate ways to satisfactorily react to the stressor (not necessarily bad)
American adults are lowest in what 2 S&Vs?
persistence and self-regulation
Mindfulness… 6 aspects/attitudes
self-reliant patient non-striving non-judgemental acknowledging beinnger's mind
It is non-concentrative, you are in the moment where you are, can be done anywhere
Benefits to mindfullness
Reslience Self-esteem Energy physical and psychological symptoms redcues inflammation compassion/epathy and relationships lonilinss
Compassion - how to express it?
RAIN recognition acceptance investigate non-identification
compassion fatigue - define
like PTSD - traumatised and preoccupied with suffering - the helper has ppor coping, self-care or self-sacrificing tendencies
Health belief model:
e.g. screening attendance
6 contructs and acronym
The Big Bad Screening Exam Continues
Threat Benefits Barriers Severity Efficacy Cues
Health belief model: describe it…
Failing to adopt disease prevention strategy - need to believe in threat, and have accessible low risk option to avoid threat
Theory of planned behaviour:
e.g. gym attendace
What is the most important construct?
What is the acronym for all 6?
Sn Sn P C A B
Can Snoring People Actually Snore Badly
Attitude about behaviour
Behaviour intention (most important)
Subjective norms
Social norms
Perceived power - control of roadblocks/assistive factors
Perceived behavioural control - ease/difficulty in accomplishing
Theory of planned behaviour: describe it
Predicts adopting behaviours that people have control over the time/place and how it is affected by one’s beliefs about risks/benefits/capability of achieving health outcome
Social learning/cognitive model:
RBSREO
Really Bad Snoring Really Effects Owls
Reciprocal determinism Behavioural capability Observational learning Reinforcements - internal and external social reinforcements Expectations Self-efficacy
Social learning/cognitive model:
description
Personal factors, environment and human behaviour interact to produce behaviour, roles models are important.
Things that behaviour theories have in common:
4
Beliefs about risks/benefits
Motivation
Self-efficacy (originally only in the social learning/cognitive theory)
Environmental influence
