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Ellie Israel > Soto- Midterm Deck > Flashcards

Soto- Midterm Deck Flashcards

1
Q

Organism

A

-Any living thing
-All the systems working together

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2
Q

Ocular

A

The lens making contact with the eye

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3
Q

Arm and Base

A

Parts held when carrying the microscope

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4
Q

Nosepiece

A

Rotating disk holding assorted lenses

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5
Q

Body Tube

A

Guides light to eye

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6
Q

Stage

A

What the slide rests on

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7
Q

Base

A

Supports the microscope on the table

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8
Q

Clips

A

Keeps the slide in place

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9
Q

Light Source

A

serves as illumination

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10
Q

Objectives

A

Lenses that vary in magnification

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11
Q

Coarse Adjustment Knob

A

Brings the image into proper focus

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12
Q

Robert Hooke

A

Used cork to discover cells

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13
Q

Cell

A
  • The basic unit of life
  • Term coined by Robert Hooke
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14
Q

Prokaryotic

A

Simple cells with a disorganized nucleus

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15
Q

Eukaryotic

A

Cells with an organized nucleus

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16
Q

Organelle

A

Cell structures

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16
Q

Organelle

A

Cell structures

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17
Q

Cell Membrane

A
  • Regulates what leaves and enters the cell
  • The outermost boundary of an animal cell
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18
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The filler located in the cell

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19
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

The path used to move things within the cell

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20
Q

Lysosome

A

Digest materials no longer needed by the cell

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21
Q

Mitochondria

A

Where food is converted into energy

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22
Q

Nucleus

A
  • Directs the cell’s activities
  • Contains the Genetic information
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22
Q

Nucleus

A
  • Directs the cell’s activities
  • Contains the Genetic information
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23
Q

Ribosomes

A

Where proteins are produced

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24
Q

Vacuoles

A
  • Storage areas for food, water, and waste
  • Large in plant cells small in animal cells
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25
Q

Cell Wall

A
  • provides support for the plant cell
  • the outermost boundary of the plant cell
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26
Q

Cellulose

A

Carbohydrate making up the cell wall

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27
Q

Chlorophyl

A

The chemical that collects the sun’s energy for the plant

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28
Q

Chloroplast

A

The structure that provides the plants food

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29
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

Involved in the secretion of things to the outside

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30
Q

Tissue

A

A group of cells working on a specific task

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31
Q

Organ

A

A group of tissues working on a specific task

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32
Q

System

A

A group of organs working on a specific task

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33
Q

Organic

A

Most substances containing carbon

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34
Q

Carbohydrates

A
  • Ex. Glucose starch cellulose
  • Provide energy
  • Generic Formula- CH2O
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35
Q

Lipids

A
  • Ex. fatty acids&Glycerol
  • Provide Energy
  • Generic Formula- CHOfew
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36
Q

Proteins

A
  • Ex. amino acids
  • Build structures
  • Generic formula- CHON
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37
Q

Energy

A

Released when bonds are broken

38
Q

Nucleic Acids

A

DNA & RNA

39
Q

Osmosis

A

Movement of water from high to low concentration

40
Q

Hypotonic

A
  • A solution with a higher water concentration than the cell
  • cells swell in this solution
41
Q

Hypertonic

A
  • A solution with a lower water concentration than the cell
  • cells shrink in this kind of solution
42
Q

Isotonic

A

A solution with identical water concentration to the cell

43
Q

Equilibrium

A

Balance

44
Q

Difusion

A

Movement of non-water particles from low to high concentration

45
Q

Enzyme

A

A kind of protein that speeds up chemical reactions

46
Q

Animals

A

Consumers

47
Q

Plants

A

Producers

48
Q

Water

A

Makes up 70% of all living

49
Q

Metabolism

A

All activities carried out by the organism

50
Q
  • Occurs in the chloroplast
  • Reactants- sun, water, and carbon dioxide
  • Products- Glucose&Oxygen
A

Photosynthesis

51
Q
  • Occurs in the mitochondria
  • Reactants- glucose & oxygen
  • Products- energy, water, carbon dioxide
A

Cellular Respiration

52
Q

The two theories of life

A

*Spontaneous Generation- Life from non-life
* Biogenesis- Life from life

53
Q

The cell Theory

A
  • All life is made up of cells
  • New cells come from old cells
  • Cells are the basic unit of structure and function for life
54
Q

Requires only one parent

A

Asexual

55
Q

Requires two parents

A

Sexual

56
Q
  • Respond to a stimulus
  • Development
  • Require Energy
  • Adaptation
  • Reproduce
  • Motion
  • Attempt to maintain Homeostasis
  • Specific lifespan
  • Made up of cells
A

The nine characteristics of life

57
Q

The 7 steps of the scientific method

A
  1. Identify the problem
  2. Collect information
  3. Form a Hypothesis
  4. Perform the experiment
  5. Collect and analyze data
  6. Make conclusion
    7.Accept or reject the hypothesis
58
Q

A fertilized Ovum

A

Zygote

59
Q

i.e. Sperm and ova

A

Gametes

60
Q

Half the expected chromosome number

A

Haploid

61
Q

The expected chromosome number for a given organism

A

Diploid

62
Q

An organism’s genetic information

A

DNA

63
Q

A bundle of DNA

A

Gene

64
Q

A structure that carries the genes

A

Chromosome

65
Q

A union of gametes

A

Fertilization

66
Q

The non-reproductive cells

A

Somatic

67
Q

Specific kinds of organisms that successfully reproduce

A

Species

68
Q
  • Cell division producing hapliod cells
  • Cell divion producing the gametes
A

Meiosis

69
Q
  • Cell division producing the somatic cells
  • Cell division producing diploid cells
A

Mitosis

70
Q

A change in genetic information

A

Mutation

71
Q

Replication of chromosomes occur

A

Interphase

72
Q

Tetrads form

A

Prophase

73
Q

Chromosomes gather at the equator

A

Metaphase

74
Q

Chromosomes migrate to the poles

A

Anaphase

75
Q

New cells appear

A

Telephase

76
Q

The passing of traits from one generation to another

A

Heredity

77
Q

The study of how alleles affect one another

A

Genetics

78
Q

Different forms for a possible trait

A

Alleles

79
Q

The two alleles are the same for a trait

A

Homozygous

80
Q

The two alleles are different for a trait

A

Heterozygous

81
Q

The frequently seen allele

A

Dominant

82
Q

The characteristic that appears to be hidden

A

Recessive

83
Q

The genetic components for a given trait

A

Genotype

84
Q

The physical appearance for a given trait

A

Phenotype

85
Q

When both possibilities for a trait appear in the offspring

A

Incomplete Dominance

86
Q

Change in Heredity features over time

A

Evolution

87
Q

Members of one species in a given area

A

Population

88
Q

The dying out of a species

A

Extinction

89
Q

Differences in inherited traits may lead to a new species

A

Variation

90
Q

A feature that makes an organism better suited fot its environment

A

Adaptation

91
Q
  • Theory presented in 1801
  • The organism develops a structure to ensure suvival
  • Evolution is due to aquired characteristics
A

Lamarck

92
Q
  • theory presented in 1859
  • organisms compete for food and space
  • survival of the fittest
  • natural selection
A

Darwin

93
Q
  • Theory presented in 1901
  • mutations provide variety
  • Adaptive mutations are inherited by organisms
A

DeVries

94
Q
  • Theory passed in 1908
  • Evolution acts on a population
  • small populations are easy to change
  • new genes are introduced through migration
  • unstable gene frequencies promote evolution
A

Hardy-Weinberg

Ellie Israel (7 decks)

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