Southern Campaigns- Changing Patterns And Approaches Flashcards
Montgomery bus boycott aim, cause and statistics
To desegregate public transport
75% of bus users were black and 90% went on strike
Rosa Parks arrested for refusing to give up seat
Montgomery bus boycott description
NAACP, Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) involved. MLK went on to find the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
Boycott arranged and took place Dec 1955, King and several others imprisoned
Hardened racial divide but also resulted in deseg. buses
Little rock aim and action
Allow integrated schools without black students being harassed
NAACP organiser attended journey with them and defenders by NAACP lawyers
9 black students picked to attend- mob heckled them and fed troops sent to escort
Results of Little Rock
Faced taunting and violence, NAACP leaders homes fire bombed
Contributing factor in inter grating schools
Greensboro sit in aim and action
Address everyday racism
Core/ four black students involved
1960 four students went to Greensboro department store and sat in segregated lunch counter
Greensboro sit in result
Showed white students in bad light and black students as calm/ well dressed
Addressed issue of freedom and equality in everyday lives, media attention, desegregated lunch counters
Freedom riders aim and action
Whether bus restroom facilities that had been desegregated- 1961
Core and SNCC
Rode on buses and used facilities
Freedom Rides results
Protestors faced violence which intensified further South, freedom riders imprisoned in Birmingham and beaten in Montgomery, 3 killed
Shocking levels of violence of whites in media
Led to deseg public transport, testing legislation- only way to enforce
Birmingham 1963 aim and action
Desegregate towns due to regularity of a homes firebombed
Involved MLK and SCLC
Full jails and use children to protest, provoke police into action
Birmingham 1963 results
Shocking images spread internationally, significant factor in pushing for Civ Rights
Birmingham desegregated, further publicity and support
1964 Freedom Summer aims and action
Push for voter registration in election year
SNCC
Sent 45 volunteers to south to train BA to register and train to pass
Results of 1964 Freedom Summer
Only 1,600 accepted out of 17,000 who tried to register
6 murdered
Led to legislation of 1965 Voting Rights Act
Little rock aim and action
Allow integrated schools without black students being harassed
NAACP organiser attended journey with them and defenders by NAACP lawyers
9 black students picked to attend- mob heckled them and fed troops sent to escort
Results of Little Rock
Faced taunting and violence, NAACP leaders homes fire bombed
Contributing factor in inter grating schools
Greensboro sit in aim and action
Address everyday racism
Core/ four black students involved
1960 four students went to Greensboro department store and sat in segregated lunch counter
