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Advanced Exam 2022 > Southern France (Langeudoc-Rousillon, Provence, Corsica) > Flashcards

Southern France (Langeudoc-Rousillon, Provence, Corsica) Flashcards

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1
Q

Where was the birthplace of French wine?

A

Provence

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2
Q

Where is Provence located?

A

Lies to the east of the Rhône basin on the sun-drenched Mediterranean coast.

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3
Q

In Provence, rosé accounts for nearly (blank)% of the appellation’s output.

A

90%

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4
Q

In the Cotes de Provence AOP are the roses blended or a single variety?

A

The rosés must be blended from at least two varieties

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5
Q

What is Saignée?

A

means “to bleed,” and it also describes a method of rosé winemaking that involves “bleeding” off a portion of red wine juice after it’s been in contact with the skins and seeds.

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6
Q

Can you blend red and white grapes for Rose in Provence?

A

It is not allowed

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7
Q

What are the main grapes in Provence?

A 
Cinsault
Grenache
Mourvèdre
Syrah
local, garrigue-scented Tibouren
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8
Q

What are the five subzone designations in Provence?

A

Central North
Sainte-Victoire

Notre-Dame des Anges

South
La Londe
Pierrefeu

East
Fréjus

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9
Q

What are the minimum alcohol percentages in Provence?

A

Côtes de Provence Blanc/Rosé/Rouge: 11%
Côtes de Provence with Subzone Designation Blanc: 11.5%
Côtes de Provence with Subzone Designation Rosé: 11.5%
Côtes de Provence with Subzone Desgination Rouge: 12%

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10
Q

What are some of the soil types in Provence?

A
  • limestone
  • stony - volcanic
  • Quartzite schist
  • Brown sandy-clay
  • sandstone
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11
Q

When was the Provence AOC established?

A

1977

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12
Q

What is the climate of Provence?

A

Mediterranean

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13
Q

What wind from the north cools and dries the vines in Provence?

A

Mistral wind

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14
Q

What are the white grapes of Provence?

A 
Rolle (Vermentino)
Ugni Blanc
Clairette
Semillon
Grenache Blanc
Bourboulenc
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15
Q

What is the synonym for Vermentino in Provence?

A

Rolle

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16
Q

What types of wine does Bandol produce?

A

Bandol produces rosés and Clairette-based whites, but the red blends harbor the most potential.

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17
Q

What is the grape that Bandol focuses on?

A

Mourvèdre

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18
Q

What are the blending requirements in Bandol?

A

a minimum 50% is blended with Grenache, Cinsault, and—to a lesser extent—Syrah and Carignan.

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19
Q

How long are reds aged in Bandol?

A

The wines must spend 18 months in oak prior to release and often need years in the bottle to demonstrate their full potential.

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20
Q

Name some top producers in Bandol?

A

Domaine Tempier
Château de Pibarnon
Château Pradeaux

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21
Q

Which AOP is pushing for organic viticulture in Provence?

A

Les Baux-de-Provence AOP

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22
Q

Where is Domaine de Trévallon located?

A

within Les Baux-de-Provence

but the region’s 1995 promotion to AOC and subsequent emphasis on Mediterranean varieties left the estate to release its Cabernet Sauvignon-based wines as Vin de Pays.

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23
Q

Where is Domaine de Triennes located?

A

Coteaux Varois—chooses to release wines as Vin de Pays.

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24
Q

True or False: Côtes de Provence AOP is the only French appellation outside of Bordeaux to publish a ranking of grand cru classé estates

A

True

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25
In Provence, When did the ranking of the grand cru classé estates start and how many are there now?
1955 23 estates were classified 18 still in operation
26
What are the subzones of Corsica?
``` Coteaux du Cap Corse Corse Calvi Corse Sartène Corse Porto-Vecchio Corse Figari ```
27
What are the main grapes grown in Corsica?
White Vermentino Ugni Blanc Biancu Gentile Red Grenache Nielluccio - sangiovese Sciaccarello
28
Who owns Chateau Simon in Provence?
The Rougier Family, since 1830
29
Where is the Languedoc located?
On the southern coast of France, Languedoc stretches in a crescent shape between Provence to the east and Roussillon to the south.
30
What is the climate in the Languedoc?
Medditerranean
31
True or False: Languedoc-Roussillon is the only region in France to surpass Bordeaux in plantings.
True
32
What is the name of the generic island wide AOP in Corsica?
Vin de Corse AOP
33
What is the name for Vermentino in Corsica?
Malvoisie de Corse
34
What are the wines made on the Northern tip of the Island of Corsica called?
Coteaux du Cap Corse
35
What is the minimum amount of Vermentino in white wines labelled Coteaux du Cap Core?
80%
36
in Corsica, What style of wine is made in the Muscat du Cap Corse AOP?
Vin Doux Naturel Blanc: Muscat à Petits Grains Blanc
37
What is the minimum RS for Vin Doux Naturel wines from Muscat du Cap Corse AOP?
90g/l
38
What AOP is 3 quarters of the Provencal wine bottled under?
Cotes de Provence AOP
39
What is the name of the traditional hour glass shaped bottle in Provence?
A skittle
40
What is the minimum potential alcohol for Bandol wines?
Blanc/Rose: 11.5% | Rouge: 12%
41
How many months must Bandol wines spend in oak prior to release?
18 months
42
Why do Domaine Trevallon release there wines as IGP?
It contains Cabernet
43
Les Baux de Provence is a former sub appellation of which AOP?
Coteaux d'Aix-en-Provence AOP
44
What is the principal white variety in Coteaux d'Aix-en-Provence?
Vermentino (min 50%)
45
Name the AOPs of Provence?
Cotes de Provence Bellet Pallete Cassis Bandol Les Baux-de-Provence Coteaux d'Aix en Provence Coteaux Varois
46
Where is Domaine Triennes located?
Coteaux Varois
47
Which ocean has an influence on the Western part of the Languedoc?
Atlantic
48
When was Fitou granted AOP status?
1948
49
What are the 2 distinct sectors of Fitou?
Fitou Maritime | Fitou Montagneux
50
What was the first appellation in the Languedoc?
Fitou in 1948
51
Describe the Fitou Maritime sector
A clay limestone band around the saltwater lagoons on the coast
52
Describe the Fitou Montagneux sector?
A patch of mountainous schist 15 miles (24k) inland
53
What wine styles are allowed in Fitou?
Rouge
54
What is the encepagement for Fitou wines?
Grenache and Carignan are the main grapes
55
What AOP is Fitou embedded in?
Corbieres AOP
56
Name a producer of Fitou AOP?
Maria Fita | Bertrand Berge
57
What styles of wine are allowed in Corbieres AOP?
Blanc Rose Rouge
58
What are the principal varieties for white wine in the Corbieres AOP?
Min. 90% combined Bourboulenc, Grenache Blanc, Marsanne, Macabeu, Roussanne, and Vermentino
59
What are the principal varieties for red wine in the Corbieres AOP?
Min. 50% combined Grenache, Lladoner Pelut, Mourvèdre, and Syrah; plus Carignan
60
What wine are produced in the Corbieres-Boutenac subzone?
Red wines
61
What is the Encepagement of wines produced in the Corbieres-Boutenac subzone?
Grenache, Mouvedre, and Carignan are the main grapes
62
Name the AOP directly north of Corbieres?
Minervois AOP
63
Minervois -La Liviniere received it's own appellation for what type of wine?
Red wines, 1999
64
What are the principal and accessory grape varieties in Minervois-La Liviniere AOP
Principal Varieties: Min. 60% combined Grenache, Lladoner Pelut, Mourvèdre, and Syrah (min. 40% Mourvèdre and Syrah) Accessory Varieties: Carignan, Cinsault, Terret Noir, Rivairenc, and Piquepoul Noir
65
What are the principal and accessory grape varieties allowed in white wines from the Minervois AOP?
Principal Varieties: Bourboulenc, Grenache Blanc, Macabeu, Marsanne, Roussanne, and Vermentino
66
What wine styles are allowed in Cabardes AOP?
Rose | Rouge
67
What are the principal and accessory grape varieties for red and rose wine in Cabardes AOP?
Principal Varieties: Min. 40% combined Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Merlot; min. 40% combined Grenache and Syrah Accessory Varieties: Cot, Cinsault, and Fer
68
What is unique about the Cabardes AOP?
It's the only appellation in which Mediterranean and Atlantic (Bordeaux) grapes and mandatorily combined
69
What wine styles are allowed in the Malapere AOP?
Rose | Rouge
70
What are the grape varieties for red wine allowed in Malapere AOP?
Rouge: Min. 50% Merlot, min. 20% combined Cabernet Franc and Cot; plus Cinsault, Cabernet Sauvignon, Grenache, and Lladoner Pelut
71
What are the grape varieties for rose wine allowed in Malapere AOP?
Min. 50% Cabernet Franc, min. 20% combined Cabernet Sauvignon, Cinsault, Cot, Grenache, and Merlot
72
What is south of Cabardes and Malapere?
Limoux AOP
73
What do Malapere AOP and Limoux AOP have in common?
The red wines are Merlot based
74
What wine styles are allowed in the Limoux AOP?
Blanc Rouge Vin Mousseux Blanc
75
Which grape varieties are allowed for white wine in Limoux AOP?
Mauzac, Chenin Blanc and Chardonnay
76
What is mandatory in the production of white wines in Limoux AOP?
Still whites must be fermented in oak
77
What are the grape varieties allowed for red wine in Limoux AOP?
Principal Variety: Min. 50% Merlot Complementary Varieties: Min. 30% combined Grenache, Syrah, and Cot Accessory Varieties: Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon
78
Name the 2 styles of Vin Mousseux Blanc that exist in the Limoux AOP?
Methode Ancestrale and Blanquette de Limoux
79
What are the permitted grape varieties and production requirements for Vin Mousseux Blanc 'Methode Ancestrale' wines from the Limoux AOP?
100% Mauzac Enrichment is prohibited. Wines are produced by a single fermentation and must be aged on the lees for a min. 2 months. Min. 3 atmospheres of pressure. Tirage and dosage are prohibited.
80
What are the permitted grape varieties and production requirements for Vin Mousseux Blanc 'Blanquette de Limoux' wines from the Limoux AOP?
90% Mauzac plus Chardonnay and chenin blanc Wines are produced by the traditional method, and must be aged on the lees for a min. 9 months. Min. 3.5 atmospheres of pressure.
81
Which wine style lays claim to being France's oldest purposefully made sparkling wine?
Blanquette de Limoux
82
What wine styles are allowed in the Cremant de Limoux AOP?
Vin Mousseux Blanc | Vin Mousseux Rose
83
What grape varieties are allowed in Cremant de Limoux AOP?
Max. 90% combined Chardonnay (min. 50%) and Chenin Blanc (10-40%); plus max. 20% combined Mauzac and Pinot Noir (max. 15%)
84
What are the sparkling wine requirements for Cremant de Limoux?
Traditional Method Secondary Fermentation The wines must spend a min. 9 months on the lees prior to dégorgement, and may not be released for a min. 12 months after the date of tirage Min. 3.5 atmospheres of pressure
85
What is the name of the appellation that encompasses the whole of the Languedoc-Roussillon?
Languedoc AOP
86
How many geographic designations does the Languedoc AOP encompass?
11
87
Name the 11 geographic designations of the Languedoc AOP
``` Cabrières Grés de Montpellier La Méjanelle Montpeyroux Pézenas Quatourze Saint-Christol Saint-Drézéry Saint-Georges-d'Orques Saint-Saturnin Sommières ```
88
Name the 4 small major fortified wine appellations of the languedoc
Muscat de Mireval Muscat de Lunel Muscat de Frontignan Muscat de Saint Jean de Minervois
89
What wine styles are allowed in the Saint Chinian AOP?
Blanc Rose Rouge
90
What is the name of the 2 red wine only subzones of Saint Chinian AOP?
Roquebrun | Berlou
91
What are the grape varieties allowed for white wines from Faugeres AOC
Principal Varieties: 30-70% Roussanne; max. 70% each Grenache Blanc, Marsanne, and Vermentino Accessory Varieties: Max. 10% combined Clairette and Viognier
92
What grape variety is used in the wine Les Servieres?
Cinsault
93
What percentage of France's fortified wines are made in Rousillon
90%
94
What are the wine styles allowed in the Rivesalte AOP?
VDN Grenat VDN Ambre VDN Tuille VDN Rose VDN Hors d'Age (Tuille or Ambre) VDN Rancio (Tuille or Ambre)
95
In Rivesalte what is ambre and how is it made?
Amber Wine Made from: Principal Varieties: Grenache (Blanc, Gris, and Noir), Tourbat (Malvoisie de Roussillon), Macabeu Accessory Varieties: Max. 20% combined Muscat à Petits Grains and Muscat d'Alexandrie (Muscat Romain) Min alcohol: 21.5% Min RS: 45g/l Wines must be aged in an oxidative environment until at least March 1 of the third year following the harvest.
96
In Rivesalte what is grenat and how is it made?
Red Wine Made from: 100% Grenache Noir Min ALcohol 21.5% Min RS: 45g/l Wines must be aged in a reductive environment until at least May 1 of the year following the harvest, including at least 3 months in bottle. Wines are bottled no later than June 30 of the second year after harvest.
97
In Rivesalte what is rose and how is it made?
Pink Wine Made from: Principal Varieties: Grenache (Blanc, Gris, and Noir), Tourbat (Malvoisie de Roussillon), Macabeu Accessory Varieties: Max. 20% combined Muscat à Petits Grains and Muscat d'Alexandrie (Muscat Romain Min alcohol: 21.5% Min RS: 45g/l Wines must be bottled no later than December 31 of the year following the harvest.
98
In Rivesalte what is tuille and how is it made?
Tawny Wine Made from: Principal Varieties: Grenache (Blanc, Gris, and Noir), Tourbat (Malvoisie de Roussillon), Macabeu **Grenache Noir MUST be present in the blend Accessory Varieties: Max. 20% combined Muscat à Petits Grains and Muscat d'Alexandrie (Muscat Romain Min alcohol: 21.5% Min RS: 45g/l Wines must be aged in an oxidative environment until at least March 1 of the third year following the harvest.
99
In Rivesalte what is Hors d'Age and how is it made?
Made from Tuille or Amber wines. | Wines are aged until at least September 1 of the fifth year after harvest
100
When wine from Rivesalte is made solely from Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains and Muscat d'Alexandrie it may be labelled as which AOP?
Muscat de Rivesalte AOP
101
What is the minimum RS for wines labelled Muscat de Rivesalte AOP?
100g/l
102
What wine styles are allowed in Maury AOP?
Rouge VDN Blanc ``` VDN Ambre VDN Grenat VDN Tuille VDN Hors d'Age VDN Rancio ```
103
What are the grape varieties allowed for unfortified red in the Maury AOP?
Principal Variety: 60-80% Grenache
104
What is the minimum RS for VDN wines from Maury AOP?
45g/l
105
What wine styles are allowed in the Banyuls AOP?
VDN Blanc VDN Ambre VDN Rose VDN Rimage VDN Treditonnel VDN Hors d'Age
106
In Banyuls what is Rimage?
Vintage dated red wine that may not be released until May 1 of the year following harvest
107
What percentage of Grenache must there be in Traditionnel wines from Banyuls?
50%
108
What are the wine styles allowed in the Banyuls Grand Cru AOP?
VDN Rouge VDN Rouge Hors d'Age VDN Rouge Rancio
109
What is the minimum amount of Grenache required in the blend for Banyuls Grand Cru AOP?
75%
110
How long must Banyuls Grand Cru spend in oak?
30 months
111
Unfortified red, white and rose wines from Banuyls are released under which AOP?
Collioure AOP
112
What is the name of the regional appellation for dry red, white and rose wines from Rousillon?
Cotes de Rousillon AOP
113
In Rousillon what is Les Apres?
A subzone of the Cotes de Rousillon AOP for Syrah and Mouvedre based wines from the villages nestled within Les Apres and the Alberes mountains
114
What wine styles are allowed in the Cotes de Rousillon Villages AOP?
Red wines made from: Min. 2 varieties. Min. 80% combined Grenache (max. 70%), Carignan (max. 60%), Syrah and Mourvédre (max. 70% each, min. 30% combined): plus Lladoner Pelut
115
What is the southernmost wine appellation in Continental France?
Banyuls AOP
116
What wine styles are allowed in Bergerac AOP?
Blanc Rose Rouge
117
What grape varieties are allowed in white wine from Bergerac AOP?
Principal Varieties: Min. 75% combined Sémillon, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, and Muscadelle Complementary Variety: Ugni Blanc (Ugni Blanc may not exceed the combined amount of Sauvignon Blanc and Gris) Accessory Varieties: Max. 20% combined Chenin Blanc and Ondenc
118
What grape varieties are allowed in rose and red wines from Bergerac AOP?
Principal Varieties: Min. 75% combined Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Cot, and Merlot Accessory Varieties: Fer Servadou and Mérille
119
What wine styles are permitted in Pecharment AOP?
Red
120
What grape varieties are allowed in Pecharment AOP?
Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cot (no grape may exceed 65%) At least 3 varieties must be present in the blend
121
Name the major sweet wine AOPS of Bergerac
``` Rosette AOP Saussignac AOP Monbazillac AOP Haut Montravel AOP Cotes de Montravel AOP ```
122
What wine styles are allowed in Monbazillac AOP?
Sweet Blanc SGN
123
What grape varieties are allowed in Monbazillac AOP?
Principal Varieties: Min. 90% combined Muscadelle, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, and Sémillon Accessory Varieties: Max. 10% combined Chenin Blanc, Ondenc, and Ugni Blanc
124
What are the RS requirements for Blanc and SGN wines from Monbazillac?
Blanc: 45 g/l SGN: 85g/l
125
What wine styles are allowed in Montravel AOP?
Dry red and white
126
What river is the Cahors AOP on?
Lot River
127
What wine styles are allowed in the Cahors AOP?
Rouge
128
What grape varieties are allowed in the Cahors AOP?
Min. 70% Cot (Malbec), plus Merlot and Tannat
129
Where is the Madiran AOP located?
In Gascony
130
What wine styles are allowed in the Madiran AOP?
Red
131
Producers in Madiran may produce semi sweet and sweet wines under which AOP?
Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOP
132
What are the wine styles allowed in Jurancon AOP?
Blanc Blanc Sec Blanc Vendages Tardives
133
What are the grape varieties allowed in the Blanc and Blanc Sec in the Jurancon AOP?
Principal Varieties: Min. 50% combined Gros Manseng and/or Petit Manseng Accessory Varieties: Lauzet, Courbu, Petit Courbu, and Camaralet de Lasseube
134
What are the grape varieties allowed in Blanc VT in the Jurancon AOP?
Petit Manseng and Gros Manseng
135
What is the minimum RS for Blanc VT wines in the Jurancon AOP?
55g/l
136
Name 3 AOPs of the Basque influenced Pyrenees-Atlantiques department?
Bearn AOP Jurancon AOP Irouleguy AOP
137
What wine styles are allowed in Gaillac AOP?
Blanc Blanc Doux ``` Blanc Primeur Blanc VT Rose Rouge Rouge Primeur Vin Mousseux Blanc Vin Mousseux Blanc Methode Ancestrale ```
138
What is Len de l'El
A white grape variety used in the Gaillac AOP. | Produces fleshy soft wines that complement the tarte acidity of Mauzac
139
What wine styles are allowed in the Gaillac Premieres Cotes AOP?
Dry Whites
140
What wine styles are allowed in Marcillac AOP?
Rose | Red
141
What grape varieties are allowed in the wines of Marcillac AOP?
90% Fer, plus Prunelard, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot | Cabernet Franc is allowed as a secondary grape, if the vines were planted before 1990
142
What grape varieties are allowed in the red wines of Buzet AOP?
Principal Varieties: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cot, Merlot Accessory Varieties: Max. 10% combined Abouriou and Petit Verdot
143
What wine styles are allowed in the Cotes de Duras AOP?
Blanc Rose Rouge
144
What grape varieties are allowed in the white wines of the Cotes de Duras AOP?
Muscadelle, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, Sémillon, Chenin Blanc, Ondenc, Mauzac, plus a max. 25% combined Colombard (max. 10%) and Ugni Blanc (these two grapes may not exceed the combined amount of Sauvignon Blanc and Gris)
145
What grape varieties are allowed in the red and rose wines from Cotes de Duras AOP?
Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cot, Merlot
146
What wine styles are allowed in Fronton AOP?
Rose | Rouge
147
What are the grape varieties allowed in the Rose and Rouge wines of the Fronton AOP?
Principal Variety: Min. 50% Négrette Accessory Varieties: Max. 40% Syrah, max. 25% Cot (Malbec), max. 25% Fer, max. 25% combined Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon, max. 15% Gamay, max. 5% combined Cinsault and Mérille
148
What was the original name of Fronton AOP? | When did it change?
Côtes du Frontonnais AOP Since 1975 | Became Fronton in 2008
149
When did Cahors received its AOC status?
1971
150
What spirit is used for the production of the Floc de Gascogne AOP? How old must be this denominated spirit to be used through the process of mutation?
Armagnac aged for a minimum of 1 years after the distillation can be used into the process of the fortification. The spirit must be at least 52% ABV prior mutage Final product will reach 16-18% ABV
151
What is the minimum residual sugar for Jurançon AOP? Jurançon vendanges tardives?
Jurançon AOP: 40 g/l | Vendanges tardives: 55 g/l
152
In Jurancon, what variety is the most sensible for the Botritys cinerea for the production of late Harvest wines?
Petit Manseng Its berries are smaller, and the skin is finer makes it more suitable for the production of Vendanges Tarvives wines
153
What is the dominant style of wine produced in Provence?
Rose
154
What is the dominant red grape of Bandol AOP?
Mouvedre
155
Is Marseille located in Provence?
Yes
156
Which country is directly east of Provence?
Italy
157
In which year was the grand cru classé classification of Côtes de Provence AOP?
1955
158
True or False: Côtes de Provence AOP rosés are always dry.
True
159
What are the two communal appellations of Corsica?
Patrimonio | Ajaccio
160
In which appellation does Château Simone produce wine?
Palette
161
What is the overarching IGP for Languedoc-Roussillon?
Vin de Pays d’Oc
162
The ______ grape has its own appellation in the Pinet commune.
Picpoul
163
Arnaud de Villeneuve, a 13th-century physician, pioneered which technique?
Mutage
164
Which body of water most impacts the climate of Languedoc?
Mediterranean Sea
165
Roussillon shares a border with which country?
Spain
166
True or False: Carignan is a major grape in Roussillon.
True
167
Which city is located in Languedoc?
Montpellier
168
Corbières-Boutenac wines are dominated by which grape?
Carignane
169
Rivesaltes "grenat" wines are based entirely on the _____________ grape.
Grenache
170
Banyuls wines with a vintage are labeled as _____________.
Rimage
171
Rasteau wines may be _____________, a maderized style in which the wines are left in open barrels, exposed to sun and heat.
rancio
172
What is the minimum actual alcohol for vin doux naturel wines?
15%
173
True or False: Rivesaltes Hors d'Age wines are aged for a minimum of 5 years.
True
174
Bordeaux varieties are most prevalent in which appellation?
Bergerac
175
Ugni Blanc is a synonym for the (Blank) grape.
Trebbiano grape.
176
Which country borders Southwest France?
Spain
177
True or False: Méthode Gaillaçoise is a synonym for the traditional method.
False
178
Petit and _____________ Manseng are both used for Jurançon AOP wines.
Gros
179
In which appellation of Southwest France is Malbec a major grape?
Cahors
180
True or False: The majority of production in Irouléguy is red wine.
True
181
Select the style(s) of wine permitted in Gaillac Premières Côtes AOP.
White only
182
Domaine de l'Ancienne Cure produces sweet wines in which appellation?
Monbazillac
183
Domaine Lapeyre is located in which appellation?
Béarn
184
Domaine Le Roc, Château Bouissel and La Colombière are located in which appellation?
Fronton
185
What is a synonym for Sangiovese?
Nielluccio

Advanced Exam 2022 (27 decks)

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