Soviet Constitutions Flashcards
1918 Soviet Constitution
• all Russian Congress of soviets: politburo, orgburo and ogburo
• [Sovnarkom] Council of people’s commissars (Replaced by All-Union sovnarkom in 22’(24), Council of ministers (Sovmin) in 46’)
• Checka (GPU 22’, OGPU 23’, NKVD 34’, MGB 46’, (>merge) MVD 53’, KGB 54’)
• Local police and courts
Applies to all Russians
(Incl Nationalities in this deffonition)
• RSFSR EST
– some areas gain this type of constitution such as Ukraine and caucuses
they have a mirrored setup of governments than Russia
– also led to Russia gaining areas of central Asia back from autonomous areas such as the Aslash autonomy and kockland autonomy
– also giving them rights of Russians of Socialism and working
• aka central Asia became part of the RSFSR
1924 soviet constitution
Constitutionaly legitimises the 1922 treaty of the Creation of the USSR
between the Russian Soviet Federative Republic,
the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic,
the Byelorussian Soviet Republic,
the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic
to get the USSR
all their congress of soviets combined into the
All union congress of sovets (Worked the same as b4 but now for bigger area)
• nationalities were now not simply influenced by Russia but a part of the USSR including
the Republic of Ukraine, belarusia and transcaucasia (as in Azerbaijan Armenia and Georgia later own reps) as well as the RSFSR
All send representatives to the all union Congress of soviets to discuss various things and implement more things
1924 Constitution
All-Union congress of Soviets powers:
All-Union congress of soviets (est 1922, Legit 1924) has powers to:
• Rights to conclude treaties, conduct diplomatic relations, and declare war
• Establish a union citizenship
• Settle disputes between republics
• Power to develop a general plan for the entire national economy
• Establish general principles for the development and use of soil, mineral deposits, forests, and bodies of water
• Power to direct transport, telegraph services, and foreign trade
• Responsibility of the establishment of new Republics to the Congress
• Amending of the Constitution of the USSR
1936 Stalinist Constitution
• Replaces the All-Union congress of soviets with the Supreme soviet of the USSR
(see stalin cent gov for more on that)
While the supreme Soviet was not in session the powers of its were representative by the presidium
– who of course was still held accountable to the supreme Soviet when they were in session
• led to even more Republics during the USSR meaning they were even more satellite states for Russia
they gained many rights
Create its own government (answerd to sovnarkom tho) / flags / other symbols of sovereignty
including the right to sceed from the Union
1918 constitution and nationalities
• 1918 constitution created RSFSR which is Russia + parts of central Asia such as Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and turkmenia
• has lenin’s original style of government with all Russian Congress of soviets and the Sovnarkom
1924 constitution and nationalities
• 1924 constitution formally and officially created the federal union Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)
• Treaty of 1922 the Republics of Ukraine, belarussia and transcaucasia (azerbaijan, armenia, Georgia) had joined with the RSFSR
• each Republic allowed own government + symbols of sovereignty such as national flags
– but governments still answerable to Sovnarkom
1936 constitution and nationalities
• 1936 stalinist Constitution
adds kirghizia and Tajikistan to list of States given full Republic status
also creates system that appeared to allow greater representation of interests of separate nation-states in the centralized government of the USSR
gave in theory right of members to secede from the Union
In reality Stalin = tight control on minorities more so than Tsars
Khrushchev partly reverted to the model of treatment of national minorities from under Lenin
as he considered stalin’s approach to be inappropriate
