SP9b Energy and changes of state Flashcards
What does heating a system and raising its temperature transfer energy to?
the kinetic energy store of the particle.
Where do particles also have energy? (not KE)
in their potential energy stores due to their positions. (the farther apart from each other they are, the greater the potential energy)
What is internal energy of a particle?
the total in kinetic and potential energy stores of the particle.
What happens at certain temperatures, points? (referring to melting/boiling points)
.energy transferred only goes to the potential energy stores of the particles
.athough the substance is being heated it doesn’t get hotter
.forces between particles get weaker, and the particles move apart - the system changes state
What is heat capacity?
.the change in internal energy of an object when the temp increases by 1°C
.unit - J/°C
What is specific heat capacity? (+unit)
.the amount of energy it takes to increase the temp of 1kg of a substance by 1°C
.unit - J/kg °C
What is latent heat? (+unti)
.the energy needed to change the state of a substance
.unit - J
What is specific latent heat of fusion? (+unit)
.the energy transferred from 1kg of a substance changing from liquid to solid at a constant pressure
.unit - J/kg
What is specific latent heat of vaporisation? (+unit)
.the energy transferred to 1kg of a substance changing from liquid to gas at a constant pressure
.unit - J/kg
What two things may occur when a substance absorbs thermal energy and the energy of its particles increase?
.a temp change
.a change in state
What does the energy required to change temp depend on?
the specific heat capacity of the material.
What does the energy required to change state of a substance depend on?
the specific latent heat of the material/substance.
