Space

Question 1

prime meridian

Answer 1

cuts earth from top to bottom (sagittal plane)

Question 2

Early theory of space:

Answer 2

Earth is central, everything else revolves around it

Question 3

Earth centered model

Answer 3

for 2000 years, this geocentric concept was worked on by Ptolemy. It could not explain why MARS, JUPITER, and SATURN would switch direction.

Question 4

Sun-centered/ heliocentric model.

Answer 4

The theory of the sun being the center of the universe. In early 1500, Nicholas Copernicus proposed this.

Question 5

sky coordinates

Answer 5

altitude/azimuth

Question 6

altitude

Answer 6

the measure of a celestial body’s angle above the horizon

Question 7

how to measure altitude

Answer 7

astrolabe (kinda like a protractor)

Question 8

azimuth

Answer 8

the measure of a celestial body clockwise from north

Question 9

how to measure azimuth

Answer 9

compass

Question 10

altitude/azimuth assuptions

Answer 10

Earth is fixed in space

Question 11

optical telescope

Answer 11

collects visible light rays

Question 12

radio telescope

Answer 12

collects radio waves invisible to our eyes

Question 13

objective lens

Answer 13

lens at the end of the telescope

Question 14

ocular lens

Answer 14

eyepiece

Question 15

when was the telescope invented

Answer 15

1608

Question 16

how to increase telescope strength

Answer 16

increase resolving power by increasing the diameter of the objective lens

Question 17

whats resolving power

Answer 17

ability to see finer objects from far away/magnification

Question 18

How to calculate resolving power/magnification

Answer 18

M = objective focal length/eyepiece focal length

Question 19

What is the magnification if the objective focal length is 60cm and the eyepiece focal length is 2cm?

Answer 19

30

Question 20

Refracting telescope

Answer 20

uses a lens to take in lots of light and focus it to our eye at the end of the barrel

Question 21

reflecting telescope

Answer 21

a concave mirror at the end of the barrel focuses incoming light onto another mirror which focuses the image into our eye.

Question 22

combination telescope

Answer 22

a correcting lens lets in the light which reflects off of other mirrors, sending the image to our eye.

Question 23

radio telescopes: how do they work?

Answer 23

radio waves supply energy and are reflected into an antenna which transmits info to our computers.

Question 24

interferometry

Answer 24

combining input from several telescopes to increase resolution

Question 25

light is only one form of electromagnetic radiation: name the others

Answer 25

radio waves, infrared waves (heat), ultraviolet waves, gamma rays, x rays

Question 26

electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 26

shows all of the different electromagnetic waves/rays

Question 27

spectroscopy

Answer 27

combining bigger, better telescopes, receiving maximum light.

Question 28

nebula

Answer 28

an interstellar cloud of dust, hydrogen, helium + other ionized gassed

Question 29

nebula particles can collect to form...

Answer 29

stars, planets an galaxies

Question 30

nebulae other term

Answer 30

interstellar nursury

Question 31

sun composition

Answer 31

plasma

Question 32

how is the sun held together

Answer 32

self gravity

Question 33

define solar system

Answer 33

a star and all the objects which orbit around it

Question 34

can solar systems have more than 1 star?

Answer 34

yes

Question 35

planet mnemonic

Answer 35

My Very Excited Mother Just Served Us Noodles

Question 36

types of planets

Answer 36

terrestrial and gaseous

Question 37

terrestrial planets

Answer 37

mercury, venus, earth, mars

Question 38

gaseous planets

Answer 38

jupiter, saturn, neptune, uranus

Question 39

terrestrial planet qualities

Answer 39

close to the sun small rock/metal dense slow rotation no rings few/no moons weak/no magnetic field

Question 40

gaseous planet qualities

Answer 40

far from sun big gas low density fast rotation rings many moons strong magnetic field

Question 41

gravitational force rule

Answer 41

larger planet = larger gravitational force

Question 42

length of day rule

Answer 42

closer to sun = longer day

Question 43

length of year rule

Answer 43

further from sun = longer year

Question 44

comet

Answer 44

chunk of ice/rock from outer solar system with coma and tail

Question 45

asteroid

Answer 45

a rock in orbit between jupiter and mars

Question 46

meteoroid

Answer 46

bigger than a speck of dust, smaller than an asteroid.

Question 47

meteor

Answer 47

the light seen as a rock burns up entering the atmosphere

Question 48

meteorite

Answer 48

space rock that doesn't fully burn up in the atmosphere

Question 49

lunar eclipse

Answer 49

when the earth is between moon/sun

Question 50

when the moon is between earth/sun

Answer 50

solar eclipse.

Question 51

which planets have rings

Answer 51

the gaseous planets

Question 52

newton's 3rd law

Answer 52

action/reaction principle: for ever action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Question 53

define exhaust velocity

Answer 53

the speed at which the exaust leaves the rocket

Question 54

rocket range

Answer 54

how high or far a rocket goes

Question 55

payload

Answer 55

device/material the rocket is carrying

Question 56

rocket og use

Answer 56

fireworks/weaponry

Question 57

do liquid or solid fuels have higher velocity

Answer 57

liquid

Question 58

define multistage rocket

Answer 58

sections of rocket are dropped as their fuel is used up.

Question 59

staged rocket benefits

Answer 59

less weight over time, dropping stage give extra propelling

Question 60

2 types of satellites

Answer 60

natural and artificial

Question 61

natural satellite examples

Answer 61

moon, earth

Question 62

satellite definition

Answer 62

something that orbits something else

Question 63

artificial satellite uses

Answer 63

communication, research, radio, mapping, observation

Question 64

two types of satellite orbits

Answer 64

geosynchronous and low earth orbit (leo)

Question 65

the name of the science for measuring earth from space.

Answer 65

remote sensing

Question 66

remote sensing examples

Answer 66

monitoring air pollution, monitoring water quality, vegetation analysis

Question 67

gps

Answer 67

global positioning system

Question 68

why do satellites need to know the time

Answer 68

The time information is placed in the codes broadcast by the satellite so that a receiver can continuously determine the time the signal was broadcast. The signal contains data that a receiver uses to compute the locations of the satellites and to make other adjustments needed for accurate positioning

Question 69

geo orbit satellites go around...

Answer 69

the equator

Question 70

geo orbit length

Answer 70

24hrs

Question 71

leo length

Answer 71

~1.5 hrs

Question 72

leo - one position or multiple?

Answer 72

multiple

Question 73

geo orbit distance from earth

Answer 73

36k km

Question 74

what calculates/controls spacecraft orbit?

Answer 74

COMPUTERS

Question 75

are the comps on the ground or in the ship

Answer 75

in the ship. Space base on earth has communication and monitoring

Question 76

define gravitational assist

Answer 76

a method of acceleration which enables a spacecraft to gain extra speed by using the gravity of another planet

Question 77

canadarm use

Answer 77

deploys, maneuvers and captures payloads

Question 78

ballistic missile

Answer 78

launched and not controlled. angle is directed at target

Question 79

cruise missile

Answer 79

controlled their entire journey

Question 80

V2s were...

Answer 80

ballistic