Special Senses Pathology Flashcards
(31 cards)
Cataract
Clouding of the lens from abnormal protein deposits
- no pain/discomfort, just clouded vision
- Treatment is artificial or cadaver
Diabetic Retinopathy
Ruptured capillaries inside of eye from untreated diabetes that can result in progressive vision loss
- if vessel ruptures in back of eye, vision will get worse
Ectropion
Eversion of eyelid (common in elderly)
Entropion
Inversion of eyelid
Glaucoma
Disease where intraocular pressure causes damage to retina and optic nerve
- idiopathic
- can cause blindness
- Medicated drops treat it
- No pain with pressure
Hordeolum
Inflammation of oil gland in eyelid (sty)
Macular Degeneration
Progressive, age related degeneration of the macula
- Progressively worse vision because of degeneration
- no treatment
Refractive disorders
Disorders from irregularly shaped cornea or lens that affects the way light enters the eye and also shape of the eye
Astigmatism
Defective curvature of cornea producing blurry vision
Hyperopia
Condition of shortened eyeball shape, results in farsightedness ; can’t see up close
Myopia
Condition of elongated eyeball shape, can’t see far away ; nearsightedness
Presbyopia
Farsightedness in old people due to reduced elasticity in lens
Retinal Detachment
Emergency condition of eye which the retina spontaneously pulls away from choroid layer of blood vessels
- Blindness will occur if not repaired immediately
Strabismus
Misalignment of eyes due to muscle weakness
- Usually in kids (crossed eyes, lazy eyes)
- Can correct itself
- Surgery pulls muscle tight
Acoustic Neuroma
Benign tumor that grows on auditory nerve ; results in hearing loss, ringing in ears, and balance problems
Cholesteatoma
A cyst in middle ear consisting of skin cells and cerumen
- can damage ossicles without treatment
Conductive Deafness
Due to ossicles not functioning properly due to scarring of joints (overuse and abuse)
- Can be due to headphones
- TX hearing aids
Nerve deafness
From damage to cochlea or auditory nerve, or born with it. Aka sensorineural hearing loss
- TX cochlear implants
Impacted cerumen
wax that gets so concentrated and stuck deep in auditory canal
Meniere’s disease
Back up of fluid in cochlea and canals producing vertigo. Excess fluid in vestibulocochlear area
- TX Lymphatic thinner | diuretic
Tinnitus
Ringing in ears
Vertigo
Dizziness
- Idiopathic, give anti nausea or antianxiety
Otitis media
“ear infection” Infected fluid in inner ear, ear is not draining as it should. Eustachian tube not draining down to throat properly
- TX antibiotics or tubes, which drain fluid outwards and eventually pop out on their own
Orthorhinolaryngologist
ENT, MD
