Special Tests Leg/Ankle/Foot

Question 1

Compression

Answer 1

Compressing the foot

Question 2

Percussion

Answer 2

Tapping on the foot

Question 3

Squeeze Test

Answer 3

Using both hands wrapped around the lower leg, you squeeze from ankle to knee, and this is looking for a possible fracture

Question 4

Metatarsal Mobility

Answer 4

Squeeze all bones together.

Pain in or When released

Question 5

Ridged Supple Foot Test

Answer 5

Sitting looking at the arch, then have the stand and look at the arch.

Ridgid stays the same.

Supple means Flattens

Question 6

Thompson

Answer 6

Have a patient turnover and watch the Achilles for laxity and then squeeze the calf and look to see if the foot moves

Question 7

Mortise Spring Test

Answer 7

Compress both sides of the ankle and let go.

If pain when you let go, it indicates a high ankle Sprain.

Question 8

Anterior Drawer

Answer 8

Hold heel and pull foot forward while holding tibia in place

Question 9

Talar Tilt

Answer 9

Hold the bottom of the heel and twist the ankle inward, checking for pain and laxity

Question 10

Kleiger’s Test

Answer 10

Deltoid ligament and syndesmosisis test. Hold foot and twist out

Question 11

Bump Test

Answer 11

This is a hard blow to the heel itself, sending the force up the leg.

checking for fracture

Question 12

Mortons Neuroma Tes

Answer 12

Push between the metatarsals from bottom and then see if it relives pain

Question 13

Longitudinal Compression

Answer 13

Press on the top of the foot

Looking for fracture

Question 14

Navicular Drop

Answer 14

Have the patient sit with no weight on the Navicular and then have them stand and record whether it drops.

Question 15

Tinel’s test

Answer 15

Tap on the nerve area of the medial malleolus and see if it sends nerve impulses anywhere.

Question 16

Mulder’s Click Test

Answer 16

Squeeze metatarsal heads together. Positive if pain shoots to toes

Question 17

Collateral Stress Test

Answer 17

move toes side to side at each joint

Question 18

Homan’s sign

Answer 18

push into the center of the calf and see if that creates pain anywhere

Question 19

Shin Split Check

Answer 19

Palpate Tibialis Anterior and slide down shin to see if there are any divots or pain

Question 20

Soap Notes: S

Answer 20

SUBJECTIVE

What the patient tells you
History

Question 21

Soap Notes: O

Answer 21

OBJECTIVE

What you observe and your evaluation findings
Deformity
Discoloration
Swelling
Special Test results
AROM, PROM, RROM results
Neurological results

Question 22

Soap Notes: A

Answer 22

ASSESSMENT

What you think is wrong with the patient

Question 23

Soap Notes: P

Answer 23

PLAN

What should they be doing?
Today
Tomorrow
Refer?
Rehab plan

Question 24

Pes Planus

Answer 24

Flatfoot

Sign and Symptoms
Pain, weakness or fatigue in medial longitudinal arch; calcaneal eversion, bulging navicular

Management
No Pain – No Problem
Orthotics
Arch Support

Question 25

Pes Cavus

Answer 25

High Arch Foot Sign and Symptoms Poor shock absorption General Foot Pain Shortening of Achilles and plantar fascia Heavy callus Management No Pain – No Problem Orthotics Stretch Achilles and plantar fascia

Question 26

Arch Strain

Answer 26

Sign and Symptoms Pain with running and jumping Swelling Medial Tenderness Management RICE Reduction of weight bearing. Arch taping

Question 27

Plantar Facsitis

Answer 27

Sign and Symptoms Pain Management 8-12 weeks Orthotic therapy Simple arch taping Night splint to stretch Vigorous heel cord stretching

Question 28

Mortons Neuroma

Answer 28

Signs and Symptoms Burning Pain relieved with non-weight bearing Toe hyperextension increases symptoms Management Rule out stress fracture Teardrop Pad Shoes with wider toe box Surgical excision

Question 29

Turf Toe

Answer 29

Signs and Symptoms Pain and swelling of MP jt. Pain with push off Management Steel Insert Taping Ice and ultrasound Rest

Question 30

Ankle Sprains

Answer 30

Inversion/Eversion Inversion Sprains 85% Inversion, plantar flexion and internal rotation

Question 31

Ankle Sprain - Syndesmotic

Answer 31

High Ankle Sprain

Question 32

Ankle Dislocation

Answer 32

Visible out of place

Question 33

Achilles Strain vs Tear

Answer 33

Achilles tendonitis does involve tiny tears that occur over time, An Achilles tendon tear is more sudden and debilitating

Question 34

Broken Bones

Answer 34

Broken feet or Tib/Fib

Question 35

Differnce of Shin Splints or Stress Fracture

Answer 35

Inflammation and micro-tears in muscular attachments and tissue around the shin cause the lower leg pain of shin splints. A stress fracture is a tiny crack in the bone and usually occurs in the lower leg, hip or foot.