specialised cells Flashcards
(15 cards)
what is the tail used for in a sperm cell?
the tail is used for the sperms motion this allows the cells to travel to the egg cell
how does the acrosome help the sperm cell
the acrosome at the tip of the head contains an enzyme which is needed to penetrate an egg cell
how does the head of a sperm help?
the head contains the sperm cells nucleus. the nucleus carries one half of an organisms genetic material.
this combines with the egg cells half of genetic material to fertilise the egg cell
how does the middle section of the sperm help?
the middle section is filled with mitochondria to provide the sperm with the energy it needs to travel a long distance to reach the egg cells.
what do haploid nucleus include
-the nucleus contains half the genetic information needed tfor the new zygote
-the sperm cell provides the other half
how does the zygote get formed
the egg cell is fertilised by a sperm cell then becomes a zygote. this grows into an embryo. the cytoplasm within the cell is packed with nutrients that can help the zygote to grow
how does the cell membrane adapting in the egg help?
the cell membrane is adapted to change structure once the egg is fertilised to no more sperm can get into the egg cell
what do sperm and egg cells have in common
haploid nucleus
how many chromosomes are there in a haploid cells
23
where are digestive enzymes found in
many organisms can include …
- the stomach
- the saliva
- acrosomes on head
of sperm cells
what is the function of ciliates epithelia?
ciliated epithelial cells line the airways. their function is to waft mucus which traps harmful microorganisms to the back of the throat
what cells do cilia need and why?
moving the cilia needs energy from respiration so these cells contain many mitochondria
what is a common feature of a sperm and ciliated epithelia cells
many mitochondria for energy
what are enzymes?
an enzyme is a biological catalysts. they speed up the rate of chemical reaction without being used up themselves
adaptations of ciliated epithelia are…
many mitochondria
hair like cilia
