Specialty Disciplines Part 2

Question 1

Syndrome characterized by gross impairments in the ability to assess reality, and behave coherently

Answer 1

Psychosis

Question 2

There are 6 clinical features of psychosis. What are they, and how many do you need to be diagnosed with psychosis?

Answer 2

you only need 1

1. Hallucinations
2. Delusions
3. Disorganized speech
4. Disorganized behavior
5. Disorganized motor behavior
6. Negative symptoms

Question 3

Disorder characterized by psychosis, and disintegration of abilities to think logically and maintain normal social behavior

Answer 3

Schizophrenia

Question 4

How long must you exhibit schizophrenic symptoms to be diagnosed with schizophrenia?

Answer 4

6 months

Question 5

Are schizophrenia related hallucinations typically auditory or visual?

Answer 5

Auditory

Question 6

What are great about using atypical anti-psychotics for schizophrenics?

Answer 6

They treat both positive and negative symptoms

They work immediately

Question 7

Schizophreniform disorder is from ______ month(s) to ________ months(s)

Answer 7

1 to 6

Question 8

Brief psychotic disorder is classified as ______ day(s) to ________ month(s)

Answer 8

1 day to 1 month

Question 9

A disorder characterized by a baseline of psychosis with inter-episode mood symptoms

Answer 9

Schizoaffective disorder

Question 10

In schizoaffective disorder there will be intervals of JUST psychotic symptoms – how long are those intervals?

Answer 10

2 weeks

Question 11

Disorder involving delusions about plausible events, such as being persecuted, having a serious illness, or having a secret relationship with another person.

Answer 11

Delusional disorder

Question 12

Bipolar has a _______ percent recurrence rate

Answer 12

90

Question 13

Episodes of bipolar are associated with ________ ______ loss.

Answer 13

brain tissue

Question 14

The average person with bipolar disorder does not receive proper diagnosis for nearly ______ years after first episode

Answer 14

10

Question 15

Characterized by a decreased need for sleep; restlessness, don’t necessarily feel tired; may look agitated or euphoric; very edgy, compulsive.

Answer 15

Manic episodes

Question 16

What is the big difference between mania and hypomania?

Answer 16

Hypomania you are FUNCTIONAL

Question 17

Bipolar I patients are symptomatic about ______ their lives; majority being ________ state.

Bipolar II patients are symptomatic ________ of their lives

Answer 17

half, depressed

most

Question 18

What are some disadvantages to using Lithium for BPD treatment?

Answer 18

Slow onset of 14 days

Narrow therapeutic index

Question 19

What is the advantage to using Valproate for BPD?

Answer 19

Fast onset

Less cognitive impairment than lithium

Question 20

Why does Lamotrigene have a black box warning?

Answer 20

SJS and TEN

Question 21

We use SIGECAPS to diagnose depression. What does it stand for?

Answer 21

Sleep! 
Interest!
Guilt!
Energy!
Concentration!
Appetite!
Psychomotor!
Suicidality!

Question 22

Patients with _______ are more likely to experience depression and are 4 times more likely to experience an MI

Answer 22

CVD

Question 23

BPD isn’t so much a disorder of too much or too little of a neurotransmitter, it’s more of a disorder of?

Answer 23

synapses and circuits

Question 24

What is the triad of ADHD?

Answer 24

Hyperactivity, Inattention, Impulsivity

Question 25

What hormone is dysfunctional in binge eating?

Answer 25

Ghrelin

Question 26

Expect __________ to decline as child gets older. ________ symptoms tend to persist into adulthood.

Answer 26

hyperactivity, inattentive

Question 27

IQ less than _______ is considered mental retardation

Answer 27

70

Question 28

Mental retardation, abnormal facial features, intractable hyperactivity

Answer 28

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Question 29

In addition to sub-average IQ, what other aspects must be present to be diagnosed with mental retardatin

Answer 29

Impairment in present adaptive functioning in at least 2 domains Onset before age 18

Question 30

Impairment in social interaction, impairment in communication-language delays, repetitive pattern of behavior. Think of?

Answer 30

Autism

Question 31

How is Asperger's different than autism?

Answer 31

No language delays

Question 32

What other comorbid disorders are often associated with ADHD?

Answer 32

Learning disabilities, ODD, anxiety, depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and tourette's

Question 33

What two scales are commonly used to assess/diagnose ADHD?

Answer 33

Vanderbilt Scale and Connors' Rating Scale

Question 34

We often treat ADHD with stimulants, how do these drugs work?

Answer 34

Reuptake inhibition of norepinephrine and dopamine

Question 35

How effective are stimulants in treating ADHD?

Answer 35

Very! Up to 90% response rate

Question 36

what are some common side effects of psychostimulants?

Answer 36

Decreased appetite, weight loss, insomnia, GI complaints, headaches

Question 37

In reference to tic disorders, what are the 3 P's?

Answer 37

Pain, personality (child is teased and ashamed), and/or performance

Question 38

How do depressive symptoms differ between adults and kids?

Answer 38

Adults will be in a depressed mood most of the day, somatic complaints youth will be irritable or cranky most of the day and complain of persistent boredom **there are many other differences

Question 39

What is the single most predictive risk factor for depression?

Answer 39

Genetic family loading

Question 40

between the ages 10-24, suicide is the ______ leading cause of death?

Answer 40

third

Question 41

What are the two key suicide risk factors?

Answer 41

1. The presence of one or more diagnosable mental disorders | 2. A prior suicide attempt

Question 42

studies have shown that a combination of ________ and ________ ______ ________ results in significant clinical improvement in 71% of moderately to severe depressed adolescents

Answer 42

fluoxetine and cognitive behavioral therapy

Question 43

Anxiety disorders are divided into 3 categories. What are they?

Answer 43

1. Anxiety disorders 2. Obsessive-Compulsive and related disorders 3. Trauma and stressor-related disorders

Question 44

Excessive or persistent anxiety surrounding leaving the caregivers, fantastic worries, school refusal, academic difficulties, and co-morbid depression.

Answer 44

Separation Anxiety Disorder

Question 45

How do we treat separation anxiety disorder?

Answer 45

Identify the trigger through therapy --- help the child understand the trigger and coping with the trigger in other ways

Question 46

A condition where the child fails to speak in certain venues where there is an exception of speaking despite talking into other situations

Answer 46

Selective mutism

Question 47

How long do selective mutism symptoms have to last in order to be diagnosed?

Answer 47

1 month

Question 48

what are our two ways of treating specific phobias?

Answer 48

1. Systematic desensitization (feared stimuli are paired with relaxation training) 2. Flooding (massive exposure to a feared stimulus until anxiety subsides)

Question 49

How do we treat social anxiety disorder?

Answer 49

Cognitive behavioral therapy -- particularly assertiveness training May have to use pharmacological treatment to get people out of the house

Question 50

Recurrent, unexpected panic attacks or abrupt surges of intense fear and discomfort that peaks in 1 minute or so, and during which the patient experiences 4 of the 13 symptoms listed in the DSM-V?

Answer 50

Panic disorder

Question 51

excessive, poorly controlled anxiety about routine life circumstances that continues for more than 6 months, where the person finds it difficult to control the worry and the worry impairs daily functioning

Answer 51

Generalized anxiety disorder

Question 52

Recurrent obsessions and/OR compulsions that are disruptive to the patient's life, and greatly interferes with daily functioning Individual recognizes these are unreasonable and bothersome

Answer 52

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 53

How do we treat OCD?

Answer 53

SSRI's and behavioral therapies

Question 54

A normal-appearing individual has excessive preoccupation with an imagined physical defect

Answer 54

Body dysmorphic disorder

Question 55

How do we treat body dysmorphic disorder?

Answer 55

Serotonergic drugs are effective at maximal doses CBT may be helpful

Question 56

Persistent difficulty in discarding or parting with possessions regardless of actual value

Answer 56

Hoarding disorder

Question 57

Do people having insight with hoarding disorder?

Answer 57

Sometimes -- insight can be good to poor

Question 58

"hair pulling disorder"

Answer 58

Trichotillomania

Question 59

Recurrent skin picking disorder

Answer 59

Excoriation disorder

Question 60

What is reactive detachment disorder?

Answer 60

A consistent pattern of inhibited and emotionally withdrawn behavior toward adult caregivers where the child seeks minimal comfort when distressed

Question 61

Pattern of behavior in which a child approaches and interacts with unfamiliar adults

Answer 61

Disinhibited social engagement disorder

Question 62

How do we diagnose Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Answer 62

1+ "intrusion symptoms" 1+ "avoidance symptoms" 2+ "negative cognitions" 2+ "arousal symptoms"

Question 63

Most cases of PTSD resolve in how long?

Answer 63

3 months cases can last a lifetime

Question 64

What type of therapy is particularly helpful in treating PTSD?

Answer 64

Group psychotherapy

Question 65

why should we be hesitant to use pharmacological treatment to treat PTSD?

Answer 65

PTSD sufferers have an increased propensity to abuse medications

Question 66

Short-version of PTSD, symptoms last less than 1 month

Answer 66

Acute Stress Disorder

Question 67

Diagnostic clues to diagnosing this disorder include a "nervous breakdown", inability to manage life problems, and overwhelming anxiety or depression associated with life stressors

Answer 67

Adjustment disorders

Question 68

Adjustment disorders must occur within _______ months of the stressor

Answer 68

3