Species and taxonomy/biodiversity/genetic comparisons Flashcards
(15 cards)
What shows organisms are of the same species
They are able to breed to to produce fertile offsprings
What is taxonomy
The science of classification. It involves naming organisms and putting them in groups (taxon)
What is biodiversity
General term used to describe variety in the living world, refers to the number of living organisms in a particular area
What is species richness
A measure of the number of different species in a community
What is index of diversity
Refers to the number of different species and the number of individuals of each species within an area
What is the formula for index of diversity
What is hierarchy
Smaller groups arranged within larger groups
No overlap between groups
What are the classification methods
DNA base sequence
mRNA base sequence
Amino acid sequence
Frequency of measurable or observable characteristics
What is phylogenetic classification
Species are placed into group according to similarities in evolutionary history
What causes diversity or variety
Genetic and environmental factors
What is interspecific variation
Refers to the variation between organisms of different species
What is intraspecific variation
Refers to variation between organisms of the same species
What are the methods for random sampling in ecological investigations
Divide study area into a grid of numbered lines
Use random numbers, randomly generated from a computer to obtain a series of coordinates
Take samples at intersection of each pair of coordinates
What is standard deviation
Refers to measure of the spread of data either side of the mean
What is comparing DNA sequence better than comparing amino acid sequence between species
Due to degeneracy of genetic code
Eukaryotic DNA contains introns which can be compared
