Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

pediatrics > spina bifida > Flashcards

spina bifida Flashcards

1
Q

Spina bifida is known as a closure defect in embryological life as a result of the problem that occurs during the formation of the spinal cord structure
true or false?

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the types of spina bifida?

A

closed
opened

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the types of neural defects ?

A

anencephaly
encephalocele
spina bifida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the mildest type of spina bifida?

A

oculta= closed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the characteristics of occulta?

A

Posterior fusion defect of vertebral body without spinal cord malformation
There is no visible defect to the external
There is a dimple, hairy patch, dark spot or swelling over affected area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the types of opened spina bifida?

A

cranial
spinal= myelomeningocele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

cranial opened
is anencephaly
true or false?

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the opened spina bifida examples?

A

asperta
systica
meningocele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

anencephaly is a type of NTD
true or false?

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

forebrain and cerebrum are not seen in?

A

anencephaly patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

when the neural tube closes during pregnancy?

A

during third or fourth weeks of pregnancy to form spine and brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

a sac-like protrusion or projection of the brain and the membranes that cover it through an opening in the skull is?

A

encephalocele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Encephalocele happens when the neural tube does close completely during pregnancy
true or false?

A

false, does not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

meningocele is moderate
Myelomeningocele(Severe)
true or false?

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

There is usually little or no nerve damage. This type of spina bifida can cause minor disabilities
to which type is referred?

A

meningocele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

in meningocele spinal cord is not in the sac
true or false?

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Part of the spinal cord and nerves are in this sac and are damaged
to which type is this referred?

A

Myelomeningocele

18
Q

for Myelomeningocele Mostly seen in lumbosacral region. Least frequently in the cervical region
true or false?

A

true

19
Q

what are the risk factors for spina bifida?

A

Couples who already had an affected baby (4% chance the next child will also be affected)
Obese women
Insulin related diabetes
Girls are more prone
Ethnicity
Anti seizures medicines
Folic acid deficency
Mutation in methylenetetrahyrofolate reductase gene

20
Q

anencephaly is the most common type
true or false?

A

true

21
Q

what are the common problems for NTD patients especially in myelomeningocele, hydrocephaly?

A

paraplegic and incontinence are the most common problems

22
Q

loss of deep sensations will lead to?

A

balance and movement problems

23
Q

what sexual deficiencies can be seen?

A

erectil ejaculatif dysfunction in male, infertility in female

24
Q

Muscle imbalance, muscle atrophy, hip subluxation and dislocation, flexion contracture in knee, equinovarus deformity in the ankle may be shown in spina bifida patients
true or false?

A

true

25
Q

which are lesions AFO are used?

A

s2 and below
s1
l4-l5

26
Q

in which lesion area trendelenburg gait is seen?

A

s2 and below
l4-l5

27
Q

in which lesion level crouch gait is seen and KAFO is used?

A

l3-l4

28
Q

HKAFO and wheelchair are used in which lesion level?

A

l1-l2
t12 and above

29
Q

normal function with foot deformity

by which lesion is affected?
l2-l3
l4-l5
s2 and below
s2 and above

A

s2 and below

30
Q

plantar flexion weakness
dorsiflexion weakness
hamstring and quadriceps weakness
are related to which lesion level?

A

s1
l4-l5
l3-l4

31
Q

no movement in the knees and below
no movement in hips and below
are related to which lesion level?

A

l1-l2
t12 and above

32
Q

lesions at the sacral level have good mobility and can walk independently.
Those with lumbar or thoracic lesions usually need walking aids or a wheelchair to be mobilized
true or false?

A

true

33
Q

when we can know if the baby has spina bifida?

A

16 weeks of gestation or by ultrasound of the fetus at 18–20 weeks

34
Q

what are the Symptoms related to Chiari II malformation?

A

inability to regulate breathing, a loss of normal vocal cord function, difficulty swallowing food or fluids, or poor strength or function in the arm and hand

35
Q

what is the 2nd name for pseudobulbar palsy and it is related to what?

A

Chiari II malformation
related to neurological comorbidities

36
Q

The higher the spinal level of the defect, the less muscle affected and less weakness
true or false?

A

false

37
Q

kyphosis, scoliosis, are usually seen in T12 and above
true or false?

A

true

38
Q

skin care is important for prevention from?

A

pressure sores

39
Q

avoid hot bath water
use sunscreen, and don’t stay out for too long
not sitting for too long
are related to?

A

skin care

40
Q

how can we ambulate the patient by Pt?

A

parapodium (T12-L3)
support ankle, knees, and hips

41
Q

Tennis
Swimming
Walking
Wheelchair basketball
Balance exercises
30 mins prone position for preventing muscles contraction
are all used in?

A

physiotherapy rehabilitation

42
Q

Physiotherapy for 30-60 minutes a day is recommended once or twice a week
true or false?

A

true

pediatrics (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions