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Quarter 2 > Spinal Bio I Muscle Test > Flashcards

Spinal Bio I Muscle Test Flashcards

(422 cards)

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1
Q

40% of body weight

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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2
Q

Controlled Consciously

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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3
Q

Act through contraction only- pull attachments closer together

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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4
Q

Work in antagonistic pairs

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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5
Q

Pull the same joint in opposite directions

A

Antagonistic Pairs of Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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6
Q

Actually working together

A

Antagonistic pairs Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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7
Q

Called Synergy

A

Antagonistic Pairs

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8
Q

Attach to skeleton by Tendons

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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9
Q

Attach muscle to skeleton by collagen bands or cords

A

Tendon

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10
Q

Attach to skeleton by Aponeuroses

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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11
Q

Broad, Flattened Tendon

A

Aponeuroses

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12
Q

Several muscles attach to its margins

A

Aponeuroses

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13
Q

Thin connective tissue skin

A

Fascia

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14
Q

Wide variation in size and shape

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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15
Q

Have Blood and Nerve Supply

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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16
Q

Dilate during exercise

A

Extensive Capillary Bed

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17
Q

Increased blood flow and supply during activity

A

Extensive Capillary Bed

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18
Q

Called Pumping up

A

Extensive Capillary Bed

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19
Q

Myoglobin stores O2 in muscle tissues

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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20
Q

Common foramen for nerves and blood vessels

A

Neurovascular Hilus

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21
Q

Located in the middle or at the ends of a muscle

A

Neurovascular Hilus

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22
Q

Arteries and Veins enter together

A

Neurovascular Hilus

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23
Q

What enters and exits thru the Neurovascular Hilus?

A

Nerves

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24
Q

May supply one muscle fiber or several

A

Motor Neurons

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25
Fewer fibers/neuron= more precise control
Motor Nerves
26
More fibers/ Neurons= less precise control
Motor Nerves
27
Neuromuscular Spindles AKA
Contraction
28
Neuromuscular Spindles
Sensory Nerves
29
Tendon end organs
Sensory nerves
30
Stretch Receptors AKA
Tendon End Organs
31
Send Information back to the CNS
Sensory Nerves
32
Information back to the CNS AKA
Proprioception
33
6 Components of Muscle Names
1. Attachment 2. Shape/ Size 3. Position 4. Construction 5. Action 6. Combination
34
Iliocostalis describes
Attachment
35
Rhomboideus Major/Minor describes
Shape/Size
36
Serratus Posterior Superior describes
Position
37
Multifidi Describes
Constriction
38
Levator Scapulae Describes
Action
39
Rectus Capitus Posterior Major Describes
Combination
40
3 Components of Muscle Descriptions
1. Origin 2. Insertion 3. Action
41
Stabilized attachment (s)
Origin
42
Usually Proximal or Inferior
Origin
43
Usually bony, may be ligamentous
Origin | Insertion
44
Moving Attachment (s)
Insertion
45
Must span one or may span more than one joint
Insertion
46
Usually Distal or Superior
Insertion
47
Motion caused by muscle contraction is...
Action
48
General: Pull insertion toward origin
Action
49
4 Subcategories of Action
1. Unilateral 2. Bilateral 3. Reverse Origin/ Insertion (OI) 4. Isometric
50
Bilateral Trunk Muscles (action)
Unilateral
51
One side only contracts (action)
Unilateral
52
Opposite muscle relaxes (synergy of antagonists) (action)
Unilateral
53
Both sides contract simultaneously (action)
Bilateral
54
Only significant if different than the unilateral action (action)
Bilateral
55
Origin/ Insertion = most common/ conventional usage (action)
Reverse Origin/ Insertion (O I)
56
Both Attachments may be mobile (action)
Reverse Origin/ Insertion (O I)
57
(O I) Explain/Define
Origin considered as insertion
58
Only significant if this produces relevant actions (action)
Reverse Origin/ Insertion (O I)
59
Muscle contraction w/o net motion (action)
Isometric
60
Always Bilateral action (action)
Isometric
61
Usually postural and/or balance (action)
Isometric
62
May be the most important muscle action (for many spinal muscles)
Isometric
63
How are Spinal Muscles organized?
Into 5 Layers
64
Layer I includes (basic)
2 arm muscles
65
Layer II includes (basic)
3 shoulder muscles
66
Layer III includes (basic)
2 Respiration muscles | 2 Head/ Neck muscles
67
Layer VI includes (basic)
1 Extensive Postural Muscle
68
Layer V includes (Basic)
4 Sub Groups 1. Transversospinal Muscles (5) 2. Sub-Occipital muscles (4) 3. Anterior/ Pre-Vertebral Muscles (7) 4. Lateral Muscles (3)
69
What are the 4 Sub Groups of Layer V?
1. Transversospinal Muscles (5) 2. Sub-Occipital muscles (4) 3. Anterior/ Pre-Vertebral Muscles (7) 4. Lateral Muscles (3)
70
2 Muscles of Layer I
1. Trapezius | 2. Latissimus Dorsi
71
AKA Trapezium
Trapezius
72
Shield Shaped Muscle
Trapezius
73
Triangular Membranous Muscle
Trapezius | Latissimus Dorsi
74
Covers Upper Trunk and Neck
Trapezius
75
Central Aponeurosis (Upper Thoracic)
Trapezius
76
These are..... 1. EOP to the medial superior nuchal line 2. Nuchal ligament down to C7 3. SP and Supraspinous Ligament C7-T12 4. Midline from EOP to T12
Origins of Trapezius
77
4 Origins of Trapezius
1. EOP to the medial superior nuchal line 2. Nuchal ligament down to C7 3. SP and Supraspinous Ligament C7-T12 4. Midline from EOP to T12
78
Inserts on the Lateral Portion of the Clavicle, Acromion and Superior/Inferior borders of the Scapula
Trapezius
79
Trapezius Insertion can be divided into how many sections? What are they?
1. Superior 2. Middle 3. Inferior
80
Braces the shoulder during arm motions?
Action of Trapezius
81
Insertion of Trap. Elevates Scapula?
Superior
82
Insertion of Trap. Retracts Scapula?
Middle
83
Insertion of Trap. Depresses Scapula?
Inferior
84
O I: Unilateral- Lateral Flexion/ Contralateral Rotation (action)
Trapezius Action
85
O I: Bilateral- Extension of head and neck (action)
Trapezius Action
86
Innervated by Accessory Nerve (CN XI) (C3,4 n)
Trapezius
87
Most Lateral Muscle of the Back
Latissimus Dorsi
88
Covers Lower Trunk
Latissimus Dorsi
89
Forms the Posterior Margin of the Axilla
Latissimus Dorsi
90
Origin: deep to Trap. from T7/6- T12
Latissimus Dorsi
91
SP/ Supraspinous Ligament T5/6 - T12
Latissimus Dorsi origin
92
Ribs 9-12
Latissimus Dorsi Origin
93
Thoracolumbar Fascia
Latissimus Dorsi Origin
94
Broad, Flat Diamond- Shaped Tendon
Thoracolumbar Fascia
95
Attaches to PSIS's and Iliac Crests
Thoracolumbar Fascia
96
Attaches to the Median and Intermediate Sacral Crests
Thoracolumbar Fascia
97
Attaches to Lumbar SP's and MP's
Thoracolumbar Fascia
98
Attaches muscles of Several Layers
Latissimus Dorsi
99
Insertion is Proximal, Medial Humerus
Latissimus Dorsi
100
Adduction/ Extension/ Internal Rotation of the arm
Latissimus Dorsi Action
101
Innervated by Throacodorsal Nerves (C6-8)
Latissimus Dorsi
102
Triangular area of the Dorsal Thorax
Triangle of Auscultation
103
Not covered by Trapezius, Latissimus Dorsi, or Scapula
Triangle of Auscultation
104
Forms a Sound Window (distinct lung sounds)
Triangle of Auscultation
105
Boundaries of Triangle of Auscultation
Lateral Border= medial edge of scapula Medial Border= lateral edge of trapezius Inferior Border= superior edge of Lat. Dorsi Floor= Rhomboideus muscles of Layer II
106
Lateral Border= medial edge of scapula Medial Border= lateral edge of trapezius Inferior Border= superior edge of Lat. Dorsi Floor= Rhomboideus muscles of Layer II Are Boundaries for what?
Triangle of Auscultation
107
3 Muscles of Layer II
1. Levator Scapulae 2. Rhomboideus Major 3. Rhomboideus Minor
108
Deep Posterior Axioappendicular/ Extrinsic Shoulder Muscles...
Layer II
109
Elevates Shoulder Blade
Levator Scapulae
110
Band like muscle of the lateral neck
Levator Scapulae
111
Palpates directly under the Trapezius
Levator Scapulae
112
Originates form 4 separate tendons
Levator Scapulae
113
Fuses into 1 solid muscle belly
Levator Scapulae
114
C1-C4 Posterior TP
Levator Scapulae Origin
115
Superomedial corner of the scapula
Levator Scapulae Insertion
116
Assists the Trapezius in Elevating the Scapula
Levator Scapulae
117
O I: Unilateral- Lateral Flexion/ Ipsilateral Rotation
Levator Scapulae
118
O I: Bilateral- Extension of the Cervical Spine
Levator Scapulae
119
Innervated by Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5) and Cervical Nerve (C3,4)
Levator Scapulae
120
Innervation of Levator Scapulae
Dorsal Scapular Nerve- C5 | Cervical Nerve- C3,4
121
Innervation of Latissimus Dorsi
Thoracodorsal Nerve- C6-8
122
Innervation of Trapezius
Accessory Nerve- CN XI, {C3,4 nerve?}
123
Chiropractic Significance: Muscle Palpation/ Analysis
``` Levator Scapulae Splenius Capitus Splenius Cervicus Intermediate Column- Longissimus Multifidi Intertransversarii Rectus Capitus Posterior Major and Minor Superior Oblique Psoas Major Scalenus Medius ```
124
Small Rhomboid (4 equal sides)
Rhomboideus Minor
125
Thin Membranous Muscle
Rhomboideus Major and Minor
126
Deep to the Trapezius
Rhomboideus Major and Minor
127
Attached to the Deep Thoracic Aponeurosis
Rhomboideus Minor
128
Parallel, Inferolateral Muscle Fibers
Rhomboideus Major and Minor
129
C7- T1 SP/ Supraspinous Ligament
Rhomboideus Minor Origin
130
Superior 1/3 of Medial Scapula
Rhomboideus Minor Insertion
131
Assist the Rhomboideus Major
Rhomboideus Minor Action
132
Innervation Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C4,5)
Rhomboideus Major and Minor
133
Innervation of Rhomboideus Minor
Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C4,5)
134
Larger Rhomboid Shaped muscle
Rhomboideus Major
135
Arises from the Deep Thoracic Aponeurosis
Rhomboideus Major
136
2 Muscles Separated only by Fascia
Rhomboideus Major and Minor
137
T2- T5 SP/ Supraspinous Ligament
Rhomboideus Major Origin
138
Inferior 2/3 of the Medial Scapula
Rhomboideus Major Insertion
139
Retraction, Rotation of the Scapula
Rhomboideus Major Action
140
Innervation of the Rhomboideus Major
Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C4,5)
141
4 Muscles of Layer 3
1. Serratus Posterior Superior 2. Serratus Posterior Inferior 3. Splenius Capitus 4. Splenius Cervicus
142
Shape (serrated Lateral edge)/ Postion
Serratus Posterior Superior and Inferior
143
Deep to the Rhomboids
Serratus Posterior Superior
144
Flat Fasciculated Muscle
Serratus Posterior Superior and Inferior | Splenius Cervicus
145
4 Parallel Inferolateral Fasciculi
Serratus Posterior Superior
146
A true muscle of the Thoracic Wall
Serratus Posterior Superior and Inferior
147
Lower Nuchal Ligament & C7- T3 SP
Serratus Posterior Superior Origin
148
Posterolateral Margins of R2-R4/5 | UO->UI, LO->LI
Serratus Posterior Superior Insertion
149
Elevate Ribcages during deep respiration and Proprioception of Thoracic Wall
Serratus Posterior Superior
150
Innervated by 2-5 Intercostal Nerves
Serratus Posterior Superior
151
Serratus Posterior Superior Innervation
2-5 Intercostal Nerves
152
Deep to the Latissimus Dorsi
Serratus Posterior Inferior
153
4 Parallel, Superolateral Fasciculi
Serratus Posterior Inferior
154
T11- L2 SP's
Serratus Posterior Inferior Origin
155
Posterolateral margins of R8/9- R12 | UO->UI, LO->LI
Serratus Posterior Inferior Insertion
156
Pull ribcage down during deep expiration and Proprioception of Thoracic Wall
Serratus Posterior Inferior Aciton
157
Innervated by Anterior Rami of T9-T12 Spinal Nerves
Serratus Posterior Inferior
158
Serratus Posterior Inferior Innervation
Anterior Rami of T9-T12 Spinal Nerves
159
2 Intrinsic Back muscles
1. Splenius Capitus | 2. Splenius Cervicus
160
Shape (splenius=bandage)/ attachemnt
Splenius Capitus & Cervicus
161
Thin Flat Superolateral Band
Splenius Capitus
162
Deep to the Serratus Posterior Superior and Trapezius muscles
Splenius Capitus
163
Lower Origins underlay the Serratus Posterior Superior
Splenius Capitus
164
Origins are deep to the Levator Scapulae
Splenius Capitus
165
Insertions are superficial to the levator origins
Splenius Capitus
166
Insertions are just lateral to the Trapezius origins
Splenius Capitus
167
Lower Nuchal Ligament & C7-T4 SP's
Splenius Capitus Origin
168
Lateral Superior Nuchal Line to the Mastoid Process
Splenius Capitus Insertion
169
Unilateral: Lateral Flexion/ Rotation Bilateral: Extension of the Head
Splenius Capitus Action
170
Innervation of the Splenius Capitus
Posterior Rami of Spinal n
171
Innervated by Posterior Rami of Spinal n
``` Splenius Capitus Splenius Cervicus Spinalis/ Medial Column Sacrospinalis/ Erector Spinae Longissimus/ Intermediate Column Intertransversarii ```
172
Deep to Splenius Capitus
Splenius Cervicus
173
T3-T6 SP
Splenius Cervicus Origin
174
C1-C4 Posterior TP
Splenius Cervicus Insertion
175
Unilateral: Lateral Flexion/ Rotation Bilateral: Extension of the Neck
Splenius Cervicus Actions
176
Splenius Cervicus Innervation
Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerve
177
1 Extensive Postural Muscle
Layer IV
178
Breakdown of Layer IV
A: Lateral Column= Iliocostalis 1. Lumborum 2. Thoracis 3. Cervicis/Colli B: Intermediate Column= Longissimus 1. Lumborum 2. Thoracis 3. Cervicis/ Colli 4. Capitis C: Medial Column/ Spinalis 1. Thoracis 2. Cervicis/ Colli 3. Capitis
179
Erector Spinae AKA
Sacrospinalis
180
Main spinal erector (action)/ sacrum- spine attachments
Sacrospinalis/ Erector Spinae
181
1 Extensive Multi-Fasciculated Muscle
Sacrospinalis/ Erector Spinae
182
Covers Entire Posterior Trunk
Sacrospinalis/ Erector Spinae
183
Divided into 3 Vertical Columns
Sacrospinalis/ Erector Spinae
184
Each column divided into 3 (4?) segmental "relays"
Sacrospinalis/ Erector Spinae
185
Lateral Column of Sacrospinalis/ Erector Spinae AKA
Iliocostalis
186
Most lateral Fibers (position)/ ilia to the ribs (attachments)
Iliocostalis
187
How many relays does the Iliocostalis have?
3
188
What are the relays of the Iliocostalis?
1. Lumborum 2. Thoracis 3. Cervicis/ Colli
189
Lateral Lumbar Aponeurosis
Lumborum Relay Origin of Iliocostalis
190
Rib Angles of R7-R12
Lumborum Relay Insertion of Iliocostalis | Thoracis Relay Origin of Iliocostalis
191
Unilateral: Strong Lateral Flexion (Regionally) Bilateral: Extension (Regionally) Isometric: Help Maintain Erect Posture and Balance
Lumborum Relay Actions of Iliocostalis Thoracis Relay Action of Iliocostalis Cervicis/ Colli Relay Action of Iliocostalis
192
Rib Angles of R1-R6
Thoracis Relay Insertion of Iliocostalis
193
Rib Angles R3-R6
Cervicis/ Colli Relay Origin of Iliocostalis
194
C4-C6 Posterior TP
Cervicis/ Colli Relay Insertion of Iliocostalis
195
Trapezius is in what muscle group?
Layer I
196
Latissimus Dorsi is in what muscle group?
Layer I
197
Levator Scapulae is in what muscle group?
Layer II
198
Rhomboideus Minor is in what muscle group?
Layer II
199
Rhomboideus Major is in what muscle group?
Layer II
200
Intermediate fibers (position)/ longest column (size)
Intermediate Column/ Longissimus
200
Has 4 relays
Longissimus/ Intermediate Column
200
Lumborum Relay is indistinguishable from the Iliocostalis Lumborum Relay
Longissimus/ Intermediate Column
200
Serratus Posterior Superior is in what muscle group?
Layer III
201
Serratus Posterior Inferior is in what muscle group?
Layer III
201
L1-L5 TP/ Accessory Processes (AP)
Longissimus/ Intermediate Column | Thoracis Relay ORIGIN
201
Intermediate Column/ Longissimus is in what group?
Layer IV
201
T1-T12 TP, R3-R12 medially
Longissimus/ Intermediate Column | Thoracis Relay INSERTION
201
Unilateral: Weak Lateral Flexion (regionally) Bilateral: Extension (regionally) Isometric: Help Maintain Erect Posture and Balance
Longissimus/ Intermediate Column Thoracis Relay ACTION Cervicis Relay ACTION
202
Splenius Capitus is in what muscle group?
Layer III
202
T1-T5 TP's
Longissimus/ Intermediate Column | Cervicis/ Colli Relay ORIGIN
202
C2-C6 Posterior TP
Longissimus/ Intermediate Column | Cervicis/ Colli Relay INSERTION
202
C4-C7 TP
Longissimus/ Intermediate Column | Capitis Relay ORIGIN
202
Posterior Mastoid Process
Longissimus/ Intermediate Column | Capitis Relay INSERTION
203
Splenius Cervicus is in what muscle group?
Layer III
203
Unilateral: Weak Lateral Flexion (regionally) + Ipsilateral Rotation (regionally) Bilateral: Extension (regionally) Isometric: Help Maintain Erect Posture and Balance
Longissimus/ Intermediate Column | Capitis Relay ACTION
203
Most medial fibers (Position)/ SP (attachments)
Medial Column/ Spinalis
203
Have 3 Relays?
Spinalis Iliocostalis Semi-Spinalis
203
4 Relays of the Longissimus?
1. Lumborum 2. Thoracis 3. Cervicis/ Colli 4. Capitis
204
1. Thoracis 2. Cervicis 3. Capitis
3 Relays of Spinalis/ Medial Column
204
T11-L2 SP
Spinalis Thoracis Origin
204
T4-T8 SP
Spinalis Thoracis Insertion
204
Bilateral: Extension (regionally) Isometric: Help maintain erect posture and balance
Spinalis Thoracis Action | Cervicis/ Colli Action
204
Sacrospinalis/ Erector Spinae is in what muscle group?
Layer IV
205
Iliocostalis/ Lateral Column is in what muscle group?
Layer IV
205
C7-T2 SP
Spinalis Cervicis/ Colli Origin
205
C2-C4 SP
Spinalis Cervicis/ Colli Insertion
205
Semi-Spinalis capitis sits below=
Spinalis Capitis Relay
205
Innervation of Spinalis?
Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerve
206
TP-> SP TP-> TP SP-> SP (Attachments)
Transversopinal Muscles
207
SP's (attachment)
Semi-Spinalis Muscle Name
208
Superficial Layer in the Laminar Gutter
Semi-Spinalis Muscle Name
209
Multi Fasciculated Muscle
Semi-Spinalis Muscle
210
T7-T12 TP's
Semi-Spinalis Muscle Origin (Transversospinal muscles)
211
Spinalis is part of what group?
Layer IV
212
Transversospinal muscles are part of what group?
Layer V
213
Semi-Spinalis is part of what group?
Layer V
214
C6-T4 SP's (6-8 segments above)
Thoracis Relay INSERTION of Semi-Spinalis Muscle | above origin
215
Unilateral: Contralateral Rotation Bilateral: Extension (Thorax)
Thoracis Relay ACTION of Semi-Spinalis Muscle
216
T1-T6 TP's | C4-C7 Post zygapophyses
Cervicis/ Colli ORIGIN of Semi-Spinalis Muscle Capitis Relay Origin of Semi-Spinalis Muscle
217
C2- C5 SP's (2-8 segments above)
Cervicis/ Colli INSERTION of Semi-Spinalis Muscle | above origin
218
Unilateral: Contralateral rotation Bilateral: Extension (neck)
Cervicis/ Colli ACTION of Semi-Spinalis Muscle
219
Runs with Spinalis Capitis above?
Capitis of Semi-Spinalis Muscle
220
Superior Nuchal Plana
Capitis Relay Insertion of Semi-Spinalis Muscle
221
Unilateral: Lateral Flexion Bilateral: Extension (head)
Capitis Relay Action of Semi-Spinalis Muscle
222
Many parts/ fasciculi (construction)
Multifidi Name
223
Intermediate layer of the Laminar Gutter
Multifidi
224
Extensive points of origin/ insertion
Multifidi
225
More oblique than the Semi Spinalis fibers
Multifidi
226
Articular Crests of the Sacrum L1-L5 MP T1-T12 TP C4-C7 Post- Zygapophyses
Multifidi Origin
227
Multifidi is part of what group?
Layer V
228
L5-C2 SP's (3-5 segments above)
Multifidi Insertion | above origin
229
Unilateral: Weak Contralateral Rotation Bilateral: Weak Extension
Multifidi Action
230
Rotatores Longus and Brevis are part of what group?
Layer V
231
Main Spinal Rotators (Action/Size)
Rotatores Longus and Brevis Name
232
Deepest Layer of the Laminar Gutter
Rotatores Longus and Brevis
233
Directly against the vertebrae
Rotatores Longus and Brevis
234
Short, nearly level fasciculi
Rotatores Longus and Brevis
235
Brevis Fasciculi ______ to Longus
Deep
236
L5-C3 TP's (inclusive)
Rotatores Longus and Brevis Origin
237
2nd Lamina above
Rotatores Longus Insertion
238
Next Lamina above/ directly above
Rotatores Brevis Insertion
239
Unilateral: Strong Contralateral Rotation (regionally)
Rotatores Longus and Brevis Action
240
Interspinalis is part of what group?
Layer V
241
SP's attachment
Interspinalis Name
242
Short, Single Fasciculus muscles
Interspinalis
243
Well-Developed in the Lordotic curves
Interspinalis
244
S1-T12 SP's | T3-C3 SP's
Interspinalis Origin
245
SP's directly above
Interspinalis Insertion | above origin
246
Bilateral: Extension (regional) Isometric: Help form and maintain the Lordotic curves
Interspinalis Action
247
Intertransversarii belongs to what group?
Layer V
248
TP's (attachment)
Intertransversarii Name
249
Short Paired Muscles
Intertransversarii Muslces
250
3 parts of Intertransversarii?
1. Cervical 2. Thoracic 3. Lumbar
251
Anterior/ Posterior pairs on each side
Cervical Interstansversarii
252
C2-C7 Anterior/ Posterior TP's
Cervical Interstansversarii Origin
253
Anterior/ Posterior TP's directly above
Cervical Interstansversarii Insertion
254
Unilateral: Lateral Flexion
Cervical Interstansversarii Action Thoracic Intertransversarii Action Lumbar Intertransversarii Action
255
Paired with the Levator Costorum
Thoracic Intertransversarii
256
Distal C7-T11 TP's
Levator Costorum Origin
257
Superior Border of the Rib below
Levator Costorum Insertion
258
Elevate Rib & Proprioception of chest wall
Levator Costorum Action
259
Innervation of Levator Costorum
Posterior Rami C8-T11 n
260
Posterior Rami C8-T11n innervate what?
Levator Costorum
261
Distal T1-T12 TP's
Thoracic Intertransversarii Origin
262
Distal TP's Directly above
Thoracic Intertransversarii Insertion
263
Lateral/ Medial Pairs on each side
Lumbar Intertransversarii
264
Lateral: L1-L5 TP Medial: L1-L5 MP
Lumbar Intertransversarii Origin
265
Lateral: TP directly above Medial: AP directly above
Lumbar Intertransversarii Insertion
266
Sub-Occipital belongs to what group?
Layer V
267
Directly under the occiput (position)
Sub-Occipital Name
268
Important in precise control of head posture
Sub-Occipital
269
All muscles within this category are palpebral and of chiropractic significance
Sub-Occipital
270
4 single fasciculus muscles
Sub-Occipital
271
What are the 4 groups of Sub-Occipital?
1. Rectus Capitus Posterior major 2. Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor 3. Superior Oblique 4. Inferior Oblique
272
Shape (rectus=straight) attachment/size/position
Rectus Capitus Posterior Major (Sub-Occipital)
273
Homologous to the Interspinalis Muscles below
Rectus Capitus Posterior Major (Sub-Occipital) | Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital)
274
What is the Rectus Capitus Posterior Major (Sub-Occipital) Homologous to?
Interspinalis Muscles below
275
Single Fasciculus cord-like muscle?
Rectus Capitus Posterior Major (Sub-Occipital)
276
Form a 1" gap btw L/R Insertions?
Rectus Capitus Posterior Major (Sub-Occipital)
277
Superolateral C2 SP
Rectus Capitus Posterior Major (Sub-Occipital) ORIGIN
278
Inferior Nuchal Line (1/2" lateral to Median Nuchal Line)
Rectus Capitus Posterior Major (Sub-Occipital) INSERTION
279
Unilateral: Ipsilateral Rotation Bilateral: Extension of Head
Rectus Capitus Posterior Major (Sub-Occipital) ACTION
280
Shape/ Attachment/position/ size
Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital)
281
Directly deep to the RCP Major
Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital)
282
What is the Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital) Homologous to?
Interspinalis Muscle below
283
L/R Muscles touch medially
Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital)
284
Hard to palpate btw the L/R RCP Majors (1" gap)
Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital)
285
C1 Posterior Tubercle
Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital) ORIGIN
286
Medial Inferior Nuchal Plana
Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital) INSERTION
287
Bilateral: Extension (Head)
Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital) ACTION
288
AKA Obliquus Capitus Superior
Superior Oblique
289
Postion/ Orientation
Superior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Superior | Inferior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Inferior
290
Homologous to the Posterior Intertransversarii
Superior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Superior
291
What is Superior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Superior Homologous to?
Posterior Intertransversarii
292
Hard to palpate (too deep under the occipital shelf)
Superior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Superior
293
Very oblique (Postero-Superior)
Superior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Superior
294
Postero-Superior C1 TP
Superior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Superior ORIGIN
295
Inferior Nuchal Line, just lateral to the RCP Major
Superior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Superior INSERTION
296
Unilateral: Lateral Flexion and Contralateral Rotation (if allowed) Bilateral: Weak Extension (head)
Superior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Superior ACTION
297
Very Oblique (anterolaterally)
Inferior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Inferior
298
Easily palpated (along C2 Lamina)
Inferior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Inferior
299
Lateral Margin of the C2 SP, just below the RCP Major
Inferior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Inferior ORIGIN
300
Posterior C1 TP, just below the Superior Oblique Origin
Inferior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Inferior INSERTION
301
Unilateral: Ipsilateral rotation of C1/C2 Isometric: Helps maintain C1/C2 stability during head flexion
Inferior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Inferior ACTION
302
Innervated by Posterior Rami of C1 (Suboccipital nerve)
ALL Sub-Occipital Muscles - Rectus Capitus Posterior Superior + Inferior - Oblique Superior + Inferior
303
What innervates all Sub-Occipital Muscles?
Posterior Rami of C1
304
Area btw Superior/ Inferior Obliques/ RCP Major=
Sub-Occipital Triangle
305
Muscles of Sub-Occipital Triangle)?
Anterior/Pre-vertebral
306
Muscles anterior to the Transverse Processes (Position)
Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles Name
307
Cervical and Lumbar Flexors
Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles
308
Few Thoracic (Diaphragm)
Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles
309
What are the 4 cervical Prevertebral muscles?
1. Longus Capitus- RCA Major 2. Longus Cervicis/ Colli 3. Rectus Capitus Anterior- RCA Minor 4. Rectus Capitus Lateralis
310
AKA Longus Capitus
RCA Major
311
Longus Capitus Named for...
Shape Attachment Size Position
312
C3-C6 Anterior TP's
Longus Capitus Origin of Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles | Superior Oblique Portion of Longus Cervicis
313
Pharyngeal Tubercle (L/R muscles touch together)
Longus Capitus Insertion of Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles
314
Bilateral: Flexion (head) Isometric: Resists lordosis of the cervical curve
Longus Capitus Action of Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles
315
Innervated by C1-C4 n
Longus Capitus of Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles
316
Longus Capitus of Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles innervated by
C1-C4 n
317
Longus Cervicis/ Colli Named for...
Size | Attachments
318
3 Fasciculi Orientations
Longus Cervicis/ Colli of Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles
319
What are the 3 portions of the Longus Cervicis/ Colli of Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles?
1. Superior Oblique Portion 2. Vertical Portion 3. Inferior Oblique Portion
320
Name: Orientation of the Fibers
Superior Oblique Portion Vertical Portion Inferior Oblique Portion
321
C1 Anterior Tubercle
Superior Oblique Portion INSERTION of Longus Cervicis/ Colli
322
Unilateral: Ipsilateral Rotation Bilateral: Flexion (neck) Isometric: Resist Lordosis of cervical curve
Superior Oblique Portion ACTION of Longus Cervicis/ Colli
323
C5-T3 Lateral Bodies
Vertical Portion of Longus Cervicis ORIGIN
324
C2-C4 Lateral Bodies
Vertical Portion of Longus Cervicis INSERTION
325
Bilateral: Flexion (neck) Isometric: Resist Lordosis of the Cervical Curve
Vertical Portion of Longus Cervicis ACTION
326
T1-T3 lateral Bodies
Inferior Oblique Portion of Longus Cervicis ORIGIN
327
C5-C6 Anterior TP's
Inferior Oblique Portion of Longus Cervicis INSERTION
328
Unilateral: Contralateral Rotation Bilateral: Flexion (neck) Isometric: Resist Lordosis of the Cervical Curve
Inferior Oblique Portion of Longus Cervicis ACTION
329
AKA Rectus Capitus Anterior
RCA Minor
330
Named for Shape/ attachment/ size/ position
RCA Minor/ Rectus Capitus Anterior
331
Deep to Longus Capitus
RCA Minor/ Rectus Capitus Anterior
332
C1 Lateral mass and Anterior TP
RCA Minor/ Rectus Capitus Anterior ORIGIN
333
Basion, just anterior to FM
RCA Minor/ Rectus Capitus Anterior INSERTION
334
Bilateral: Flexion (head) Isometric: Resist lordosis of cervical spine
RCA Minor/ Rectus Capitus Anterior ACTION
335
Innervated by C1-C2 n
RCA Minor/ Rectus Capitus Anteiror | Rectus Capitus Lateralis
336
What innervates RCA Minor/ Rectus Capitus Anteiror?
C1-C2 n
337
Named for shape/ attachment/ position
Rectus Capitus Lateralis
338
Homologous to Anterior Intertransversarii
Rectus Capitus Lateralis
339
What is Rectus Capitus Lateralis Homologous to?
Anterior Intertransversarii
340
Pre-Vertebral Innervation (ventral ramus of the C1 Spinal nerve)
Rectus Capitus Lateralis
341
C1 Anterior Transverse process (superior margin)
Rectus Capitus Lateralis ORIGIN
342
Jugular process directly above
Rectus Capitus Lateralis INSERTION
343
Unilateral: Lateral Flexion (head)
Rectus Capitus Lateralis ACTION
344
What innervates Rectus Capitus Lateralis?
C1-C2 n
345
How many lumbar pre-vertebral muscles are there?
3
346
What are the lumbar pre-vertebral muscles?
1. Psoas Major 2. Psoas Minor 3. Quadratus Lumborum
347
Position (psoas=loin)/ size
Psoas Major | Psoas Minor
348
Long Fusiform Muscle
Psoas Major
349
Located on Posterior abdominal wall
Psoas Major | Quadratus Lumborum
350
Very oblique course through the pelvis
Psoas Major
351
Anterolateral from origins to the pelvic brim
Psoas Major | Oblique Course
352
Posterolateral to the internal femur
Psoas Major | Oblique Course
353
L1-L5 Lateral bodies and anterior TP
Psoas Major ORIGIN
354
Lesser trochanter of the femur
Psoas Major INSERTION
355
Unilateral: flexion (thigh) OI: Unilateral- lateral flexion (trunk), Bilateral- flexion (trunk), Isometric- help form and maintain the lumbar curve
Psoas Major ACTION
356
Innervation L1-L3 n
Psoas Major
357
What innervates the Psoas Major?
L1-L3 n
358
Variable, absent in 40% of cadavers
Psoas Minor
359
T12-L1 Lateral bodies
Psoas Minor ORIGIN
360
Pubic Ramus, just lateral to the Psoas Major
Psoas Minor INSERTION
361
Assist the Psoas Major
Psoas Minor ACTION
362
Innervated by L1
Psoas Minor
363
What innervates L1?
Psoas Minor
364
Named for shape (quadratus=4 sides)/ attachments
Quadratus Lumborum
365
Broad, flat, rectangular muscle
Quadratus Lumborum
366
Iliac Crest | Iliolumbar Ligament
Quadratus Lumborum ORIGIN
367
L1-L4 TP and Inferior margin R12
Quadratus Lumborum INSERTION
368
Unilateral: Lateral Flexion Bilateral: Flexion (lumbars) Isometric: Stabilize R12 during inspiration and expiration
Quadratus Lumborum ACTION
369
Innervated by Subcostal, L1-L3 n
Quadratus Lumborum
370
What innervates Quadratus Lumborum?
Subcostal | L1-L3 n
371
Named for Postion
Lateral Vertebral Muscles
372
Respiratory and coronal stabilization muscles
Lateral Vertebral Muscles
373
What are the Lateral Vertebral Muscles made of?
3 Cervico-thoracic muscles
374
What are the 3 cervico-thoracic muscles?
1. Scalenus Anterior 2. Scalenus Medius 3. Scalenus Posterior
375
Named for shape (scalene triangle=3 unequal sides)/ position
Scalenus Anterior
376
Impalpable under the SCM
Scalenus Anterior
377
Passes under the clavicle
Scalenus Anterior | Scalenus Medius
378
C3-C6 Anterior TP
Scalenus Anterior ORIGIN
379
Superior Margin of R1 just lateral to the costo-chondral junction on scalene tubercle
Scalenus Anterior INSERTION
380
Bilateral: elevate ribcage during deep inspiration OI: Unilateral- lateral flexion/ contralateral rotation, bilateral- flexion (neck), Isometric- coronal stabilization of neck and head
Scalenus Anterior ACTION
381
Innervated by C5-C8 n?
Scalenus Anterior | Scalenus Medius
382
What innervates Scalenus Anterior?
C5-C8 n
383
Scalenus medius Named for...
Shape | Position
384
Palpable btw the SCM and Levator Scapulae
Scalenus Medius
385
Longest/ Largeset Scalene muscle
Scalenus Medius
386
Inserts just lateral to Scalenus Anterior
Scalenus Medius
387
C2-C7 posterior TP's
Scalenus Medius ORIGIN
388
Superior Surface of R1
Scalenus Medius INSERTION
389
Bilateral: Elevate ribcage during deep inspiration OI: Unilateral- lateral flexion/ weak contralateral rotation, Bilateral- weak flexion (neck), Isometric- Coronal stabilization of the neck and head
Scalenus Medius ACTION
390
Innervates Scalenus Medius?
C5-C8n
391
Scalenus Posterior Named for...
Shape | Position
392
Smallest/ Deepest Scalene Muscle
Scalenus Posterior
393
Impalpable under the levator scapulae and the trapezius
Scalenus Posterior
394
Passes under the clavicle and over R1
Scalenus Posterior
395
C5-C7 Posterior TP
Scalenus Posterior ORIGIN
396
Lateral Surface of R2
Scalenus Posterior INSERTION
397
Bilateral: Elevate ribcage during deep inspiration | O I: Unilateral- lateral flexion (lower neck), Isometric- Coronal Stabilization of the neck/ neck
Scalenus Posterior ACTION
398
Innervated by C6-C8
Scalenus Posterior
399
Innervates Scalenus Posterior?
C6-C8 n

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