Spinal cord

Question 1

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

Answer 1

7

Question 2

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

Answer 2

12

Question 3

How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

Answer 3

5

Question 4

How many fused sacral vertebrae are there?

Answer 4

5

Question 5

How many fused vertebrae is the coccyx formed from?

Answer 5

4

Question 6

Describe the curvatures of the spine

Answer 6

cervical curvature
thoracic curvature
lumbar curvature
pelvic curvature

Question 7

What are the two parts of a vertebral disc?

Answer 7

the nucleus pulposus

the annulus fibrosus

Question 8

What is the annulus fibrosus attatched to?

Answer 8

the vertebral bodies

the posterior longitudinal ligament

Question 9

At what vertebral level does the spinal cord taper off to form the conus medullaris?

Answer 9

L2`

Question 10

At what vertebral level does the spinal cord terminate?

Answer 10

L2

Question 11

In the distal part of the spinal canal, the meninges form a strand of fibrous tissue. What is this tissue called?

Answer 11

filum terminale

Question 12

In the spinal canal, what separates the dura mater from the walls of the vertebral canal?

Answer 12

epidural space

Question 13

Distal to the conus medullaris, the subarachnoid space expands to form the lumbar cistern. What is the clinical significance of the lumbar cistern?

Answer 13

The area accessed in a lumbar puncture

Question 14

The cauda equina is a bundle of nerves formed from which nerve roots?

Answer 14

L2-S5

Question 15

What is the name given to the bundle of nerves with nerve roots L2-S5?

Answer 15

cauda equina

Question 16

Is the anterior nerve root motor or sensory?

Answer 16

motor

Question 17

Is the posterior nerve root sensory or motor?

Answer 17

sensory

Question 18

Spinal nerves leave the vertebral canal via which foramina?

Answer 18

the intervertebral foramina

Question 19

After a spinal nerve exits the vertebral canal, what does it split into?

Answer 19

Anterior and posterior rami

Question 20

What is the difference between anterior and posterior rami?

Answer 20

anterior rami- supplies fibres to parts of the body the posterior rami does not
posterior rami- nerve fibres to the synovial joints of the vertebral column, deep muscles of the back and overlying skin

Question 21

Describe the arterial supply to the spinal cord

Answer 21

Anterior spinal artery

Two posterior spinal arteries

Question 22

What two sections can we split the vertebrae into?

Answer 22

anterior vertebral body

posterior vertebral arch

Question 23

What is the weight bearing part of the vertebrae?

Answer 23

the vertebral body

Question 24

What are the superior and inferior aspects of the vertebral body lined by?

Answer 24

hyaline cartilage

Question 25

What process is found posteriorly at the point of the vertebral arch?

Answer 25

spinous process

Question 26

How many spinous processes does each verteba have?

Answer 26

1

Question 27

How many transverse processes does each vertebra have?

Answer 27

2

Question 28

What do the transverse processes articulate with in the thoracic vertebrae?

Answer 28

the ribs

Question 29

What do the peduncles connect?

Answer 29

the vertebral body to the transverse processes

Question 30

What do the lamina connect?

Answer 30

the transverse and spinous processes

Question 31

Where are articular processes located in the vertebra?

Answer 31

At the intersection of the pedicle and the lamina

Question 32

Which processes form joints between a vertabra and its superior and inferior vertebrae?

Answer 32

articular processes

Question 33

What are the distinguishing features of the cervical vertebrae?

Answer 33

``` Bifid spinous processes (except C1 and C7) Transverse foramina (through which the vertebral arteries travel to the brain) Triangular vertebral foramnen ```

Question 34

What shape is the vertebral foramen of the thoracic vertebrae ?

Answer 34

circular

Question 35

What facets do throracic vertebrae have that articulate with the heads of two different ribs and are superiorly and inferiorly placed on the sides of the vertebral body?

Answer 35

demi facets

Question 36

What special facet is found on the transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae?

Answer 36

costal facets

Question 37

What shape is the vertebral foramen of a lumbar vertebra?

Answer 37

triangular

Question 38

What are the joints between articular facets called?

Answer 38

facet joints

Question 39

Which ligament extends between the lamina of adjacent vertebrae?

Answer 39

the ligamentum flavum

Question 40

What do interspinous ligaments join?

Answer 40

spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae

Question 41

What does the supraspinous ligament join?

Answer 41

the tips of the spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae

Question 42

Which ligament extends between transverse processes?

Answer 42

intertransverse ligaments

Question 43

What does the dorsal root of the spinal nerve carry?

Answer 43

sensory fibres

Question 44

What does the ventral root carry?

Answer 44

motor fibres