spinal cord or medulla spinalis

Question 1

in adults and new born babies where does the spinal cord begin and end

Answer 1

adults ….. foamen magum to L1

babies ,,, foramen magnum to L3

Question 2

intumescentia cervicalis and lumbosacralis starts from where and ends where this is a slight swelling on the spinal cord

Answer 2

cervicalis ….c4..T1

Lumbosacralis .. L1 OR 2 .. S3

Question 3

what is cauda equina

Answer 3

structure formed by the nerve roots around the phylum terminale

Question 4

what is the importance of the high level termination in the medulla spinalis

Answer 4

in the injuries of the spinal cord under the L2 , only the nerve roots are damaged

the csf can be obtained without injuring the spinal cord

Question 5

what are the sheats that wrap the medulla spinalis

Answer 5

dura mater .. thick and rough
arachnoid mater
pia mater…. thin soft and delicate

Question 6

the spinal meninges i.e the dura mater etc are continues or have the same functions with

Answer 6

cranial meninges

Question 7

between the arachnoid and pia mater is what space that contains the csf

Answer 7

subarachnoid space

Question 8

between the dura mater and the bone is what

Answer 8

epidural space

Question 9

between the dura mater and the bone is what

Answer 9

epidural space

Question 10

the dura mater attaches where

Answer 10

foramen magnum and the C2 AND C3

Question 11

the duramater extends along the nerve roots and continues with what

Answer 11

epineurium

Question 12

the arachnoid mater fuses with what

Answer 12

proximal part of the spinal ganglion

Question 13

what is the modification of pia mater

Answer 13

filum terminale

Question 14

what is the modification of pia mater

Answer 14

filum terminale

Question 15

pia mater has how many layers

Answer 15

lamina erxterna

lamina interna

Question 16

in the lumbal puncture the supracristal plane passes through what vertebrae

Answer 16

L4

Question 17

in spinal anaesthesia the anesthetic agent is injected into where

Answer 17

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 18

why should the epidural anesthesia be injected below the L2

Answer 18

to avoid puncturing the medulla spinalis

Question 19

the exit of the spinal nerves from the medulla spinalis is called

Answer 19

segment

Question 20

all spinal nerves innervate innervates the skin except

Answer 20

C1

Question 21

what is a dermatome

Answer 21

the skin segment innervated by the posterior root of a spinal nerve

Question 22

the outter layer of the medulla spinalis consists of white matter that contains what

Answer 22

myelin sheated nerve fibers

Question 23

external surface of the spinal cord consists of

Answer 23

longitudinal sulcus
intumescentia
arbitary border btw spinal cord and brain stem