Spinal Ox Review Exam

Question 1

Recommendation for a 20-year-old male who sustained a L1 burst Fx

Answer 1

TLSO: Polymer

Question 2

Which orthosis is BEST suited to manage a T6, 1-column compression Fx

Answer 2

TLSO: Sagittal/Coronal Control

Question 3

Which Ox is BEST suited to manage a compression Fx (20% anterior compression at T11)

Answer 3

TLSO: Anterior Control

Question 4

The pectoral membrane fibers combine with which ligament

Answer 4

Posterior longitudinal ligament

Question 5

Correct anterior pin placement for a HALO is ________ in the __________

Answer 5

10mm superior to the eyebrow; lateral 1/3 of eyebrow

Question 6

An adolescent female with idiopathic scoliosis presents in your facility with a prescription for Ox management. Base on this prescription, how is the patient most likely to present

Answer 6

Risser sign of +1, Cobb angle of 35 degrees

Question 7

On which side of the Ox should the trochanteric extension be placed

Answer 7

The side of decompensation

Question 8

The Ox management of a T1 level Fx will have its best 3-point pressure system with which Ox

Answer 8

Cervical thoracic Ox

Question 9

What is the correct posterior superior trim line for a polymer TLSO (not for scoliosis)

Answer 9

10mm inferior to the level of the spine of the scapula

Question 10

Upon looking at the surface anatomy of the back, it can be said that the spinal of the scapula is at which approximate vertebral level

Answer 10

T3

Question 11

What makes up the erector spinae

Answer 11

Spinalis, Longissimus, Iliocostalis

Question 12

The end point vertebrae in a scoliotic curve are the

Answer 12

Last convergent vertebrae most superior and inferior to null point

Question 13

Of the 3 types of odontoid Fx, which is most common and tends to have the least favorable outcome

Answer 13

Type 2

Question 14

Characteristics of Scheuermann’s kyphosis

Answer 14

Wedge vertebrae
Schmoris nodes
Osteochondrosis
Self limiting disease

Question 15

Which condition should be positioned in sagittal flexion when managing with an Ox

Answer 15

Spinal Stenosis

Question 16

The axillary’s extension of a Boston style scoliosis Ox for a double curve should extend from the

Answer 16

Window to about T5

Question 17

What does it mean when there is a Grade 2 pedicle rotation

Answer 17

Pedicle is rotated 2/3 towards midline

Question 18

Which modification should be made to a scoliosis Ox for a Pt with hypokyphosis

Answer 18

Extend the posterior superior trim line to T3

Question 19

Spastic paralysis may result from

Answer 19

Spinal cord injury or brain injury

Question 20

Pt has suffered a single level burst Fx. The greatest instability, given the nature of the Fx, would bin in which plane

Answer 20

Transverse

Question 21

For the assembly of the TLSO: anterior control, what should be done to the overall height measurement

Answer 21

Decreased by 72mm

Question 22

Placement of a thoracic band on a conventional lumbosacral Ox should be

Answer 22

10mm inferior to the most inferior angle of the scapula

Question 23

In fitting a Milwaukee CTLSO, the height of the neck ring is located _______ to the mandible

Answer 23

36mm inferior

Question 24

Considered neuromuscular scoliosi

Answer 24

Spina bifida
Polio
Cerebral palsy

Question 25

What is the most important biomechanical principle when managing a neuromuscular spine

Answer 25

Total contact

Question 26

In a scoliotic curve, the spinous processes rotate towards the

Answer 26

Concavity

Question 27

In an adult, the spinal cord terminates at about the level of

Answer 27

L1

Question 28

What is the method used to find the baseline for corset measurement

Answer 28

(inferior costal margin to iliac crest) divided by 2

Question 29

If you use a TLSO: sagittal control and found the Pt could not tolerate the strap pressure in the axilla, what might be done?

Answer 29

Pad the straps Use a harness chest strap with sternal plate

Question 30

The nucleus pulposus of an intervertebral disc

Answer 30

Absorbs shock and equalizes stress

Question 31

An individual with neuromuscular scoliosis will most likely exhibit cardiopulmonary compromise when the curve reaches what magnitude

Answer 31

70 degrees

Question 32

The lower motor neuron cell body is found in the _______, while the upper motor neuron cell body is found in the ______

Answer 32

Ventral horn of the spinal cord; motor cortex of the brain

Question 33

For a typical right thoracic, left lumbar adolescent idiopathic scoliosis curve, the superior aspect of the window should be _____, while the superior aspect of the axillary extension should be approximately at the level of ______

Answer 33

At least one rib superior to the apical rib; T5

Question 34

Another name for a Knight Ox is a

Answer 34

LSO: Sagittal/coronal control

Question 35

In what position should spinal Ox be tightened on a patient

Answer 35

Supine

Question 36

Clinical signs of scoliosis

Answer 36

Positive Adams test Asymmetrical gapping between arm and waist Shoulder asymmetry

Question 37

In scoliosis, an apical vertebra at T12 would indicate what kind of curve pattern

Answer 37

Thoracolumbar

Question 38

Which stage of menarche would be most suitable for Ox management

Answer 38

Greater than six months PRE-menarche

Question 39

When under axial load, there is pressure on the nucleus pulposus, which in turn causes the annulus fibrosis to stretch. This phenomenon is most consistent with which biomechanical mechanism

Answer 39

Load Sharing

Question 40

Where is the appropriate placement of the paraspinal bars for a LSO

Answer 40

Follow the apices of the paraspinal muscles

Question 41

Hypokyphosis can be defined as having sagittal curve magnitude in the range of:

Answer 41

0-20 degrees

Question 42

The TLSO: anterior control has 2 anterior pads that provide a posteriorly directed force. The anteriorly directed force by the posterior pad should provide what amount of force

Answer 42

Equal to that posteriorly directed force

Question 43

What is the most likely mechanism of injury for a seatbelt Fx (Chance Fx)

Answer 43

Flexion and distraction

Question 44

In the spine, the most rotation occurs at which joint

Answer 44

Antlantoaxial joint

Question 45

What characteristic is unique to the cervical spine

Answer 45

Transverse foramen

Question 46

2 adjacent vertebrae and their intervening tissue are known as a

Answer 46

Motion segment

Question 47

A Pt presents in your office with an atypical scoliosis curve (L-thoracic, R-lumbar). This is most likely associated with which of the following

Answer 47

Springomyelia

Question 48

A burst Fx of the vertebral body is most likely associated with which mechanism of injury

Answer 48

Axial load

Question 49

What could be considered the Fx site for sponylolysis

Answer 49

Isthmus Pars interarticularis Neural arch

Question 50

A Jefferson Fx is a Fx of: A Hangman Fx is a Fx of:

Answer 50

C1 C2

Question 51

Wedged vertebra, bar vertebra and hemi vertebra are seen most frequently in which type of scoliosis

Answer 51

Congenital

Question 52

What measurements are needed to fabricate a Milwaukee CTLSO

Answer 52

Sagittal diameter of neck Coronal diameter of neck Height to mandible

Question 53

What effect does reducing decompensation have on the critical load of the spine

Answer 53

Increases

Question 54

An idiopathic scoliotic curve with an apex of T12 should be managed with which type of pad

Answer 54

Extended lumbar pad