Spinal pathologies

Question 1

Ankylosing spondylitis definition

Answer 1

develops in teenagers and young adults, more common in men, inflammation of the spine, inflammatory condition that can cause vertebra to fuse
can be caused by gene called HLA-B27 are at greater risk

Question 2

symptoms of Ankylosing

spondylitis

Answer 2

pain and stiffness in lower back and hips especially in morning and after periods of inactivity, neck pain and fatigue
imaging- MRI

Question 3

treatment Ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 3

medication- NSAIDs, TNF blocker or interluckin inhibitor

ROM and stretching exercises, postural work

Question 4

what are spinal stenosis

Answer 4

a narrowing of the spaces within your spine, which puts pressure on nerves that travel through spine . most commonly caused by wear and tear changes in the spine related to OA
2 types- cervical and lumber
diagnosis- X ray, MRI, CT

Question 5

spinal stenosis symptoms- cervical spine

Answer 5

numbness or tingling in a hand/ arm/ foot or leg, weakness in hand/arm/ foot or leg, problems with walking and balance, neck pain, B and B dysfunction- urgent surgery

Question 6

spinal stenosis symptoms- L spine

Answer 6

numbness or tingling in a foot or leg, weakness in a foot or leg, pain or cramping in one or both legs when you stand for long periods of time or when you walk, back pain

Question 7

what causes spinal stenosis

Answer 7

overgrowth of bone- OA, disc herination, thickening lig, tumours, spinal injuries

Question 8

risk factors spinal stenosis

Answer 8

age of 50, trauma, congenital spinal deformity such as scoliosis, genetic disease affecting bone and muscle development

Question 9

spinal stenosis treatment

Answer 9

meds- pain relief, antidepressants- chronic pain, anti seizure drugs, opioids, Steroid injection
build up muscle strength and endurance, maintain the flexibility and stability of your spine, improve your balance
surgery

Question 10

what is radiculopathy

Answer 10

a clinical condition which involves one or more nerves resulting in impaired function, is at spinal nerve root. in radiculopathy the problem occurs at or near the site of the origin of the nerve root as it exits from the SC

Question 11

clinical presentation radiculopathy

Answer 11

Cx spine- control the muscles of the neck and arms and supply the sensation, Tx spine- muscle of chest and abdomen and supply sensation here, Lx- nerves control muscles of the buttocks and legs and sensation
pain, numbness, tingling

Question 12

radiculopathy- Cx treatment

Answer 12

education- smoking can have negative effects
mannual therapy- PAIVM, PPIVM
UL nerve tensioners
exercises targeted at opening the IV foramen- contralateral rotation and SF, start with isometric strengthening in the involved UL then progress,

Question 13

lumber radiculopathy treatment

Answer 13

meds0 NSAIDs, sliders and tensioners, exercise

Question 14

spondylolisthesis

Answer 14

is a condition involving spine instability, the vertebrae slips out of place onto the vertebrae below, whihc puts pressure on nerve causing lower back pain or leg pain. age 50+,

Question 15

spondylolisthesis symptoms

Answer 15

muscle spasms in the hamstrings, back stiffness, difficulty walking or standing for long periods, pain when flex, numbness, weakness or tingling in the foot

Question 16

spondylolisthesis treatment

Answer 16

rest, mediccation- NSAID, steroid injection, exercises- strengthen abdomen and back

Question 17

what is spondlylosis

Answer 17

a type of arthritis spurred by wear and tear to the spine. it happens when discs and joints degenerate, when bone spurs grow on the vertebrae, or both. these changes can imapir the spine movement and affect the nerves
risk factors- genetic tendency, obesity, sedentary, smoking, mental health

Question 18

spondylosis symptoms

Answer 18

a grinding or popping feeling when moving the spine, weakness in the hands or legs, poor coordination, muscle spasms and pain, headaches, loss of balance and difficulty walking loss of bladder and bowel

Question 19

spondylosis treatment

Answer 19

medication- NSAIDs, exercises