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Musculoskeletal System > Spinal Symposium > Flashcards

Spinal Symposium Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

describe a basic vertebrae

A 
vertebral body
spinal foramen for spinal nerve roots
lamina superior
pedicles
spinous process
transverse process
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2
Q

what is the joint between the vertebral bodies

A

secondary cartilaginous

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3
Q

what is the joint between the spinous processes

A

facet joints

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4
Q

how does the ribs attach

A

ribs attach body of vertebrae of corresponding rib and rib above e.g rib 7 to 7 and 6

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5
Q

what is the cervical spine described as

A

lordosis

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6
Q

what is the thoracic spine described as

A

kyphosis

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7
Q

what is the lumber spine describe as

A

lordosis

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8
Q

what muscles are the erector spinae

A

iliocostalis
longissimus
spinalis

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9
Q

where does the spinal chord end

A

l1 at conus medularis

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10
Q

what is a dermatome

A

an area of skin that is mainly supplied by a single spinal nerve

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11
Q

what is a myotome

A

a group of muscles supplied by a single spinal nerve

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12
Q

what does C5 spply

A

shoulder abduction-deltoid

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13
Q

what does c6 supply

A

elbow flexion and wrist extention-biceps

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14
Q

what does c7 supply

A

elbow extensors -triceps

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15
Q

what does c8 supply

A

long finger flexors

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16
Q

what does t1 supply

A

finger abduction-interossei

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17
Q

what does l2 supply

A

hip flexion-iliosoas

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18
Q

what does l3/4 supply

A

kneee extension

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19
Q

what does l4 supply

A

ankle dorsiflexion

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20
Q

what does l6 supply

A

big to extension

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21
Q

what does s1 supply

A

ankle plantar flexion

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22
Q

what is the peak age for a SCI

23
Q

what is the most common cause of SCi

Study These Flashcards
A

fall or RTA
tumour
spinal chord stroke

24
Q

what is a complete injury

Study These Flashcards
A

no motor or nerve function distal to the lesion
no anal squeeze
no chance of recovery

25
what is an incomplete injury
some function is present below the site of injury
26
what is ASIA classification
grade A-E | A being worse E being normal
27
what are the patterns of injury
quadraplegia paraplegia central chord syndrome anterior chord syndrome
28
what is quadriplegia
partial or total loss of all four limbs and the trunk loss of motor and sensory usually by a cervical fracture rest failure- diaphragm
29
what is spasticity
increased muscle tone upper motor neurone lesion above L1
30
what is paraplegia
partial or total loss of lower limbs arm function spared bowel function affected
31
what is central chord syndrome
older patients loss of sensation in arms injury of corticospinal tract
32
what is anterior chord syndrome
hyeprflexion injury | damaged anterior spinal artery
33
what is brown-sequard syndrome
heme-section of the chord paralysis on affected side pain and temp loss on opposite side of lesion-spinothalamic
34
how to you manage someone with a SCI
key is to prevent secondary insult | ABC
35
what imaging should you use
x ray CT MRI
36
what is surgical fixation
pedicle screws
37
what kind of long term management is needed
spinal chord unit physiotherapy OT psychological support
38
what is a lumbar disc prolapse
lateral or central disc protrusion extrusion sequestration-material free in canal
39
what is the structure of an intervertebral disc
annulus fibrosis | nucleus pulposus-mainly of water,collegens and proteoglycans
40
what happens to the disc during aging
decreased water disc space narrowing degenerative changes in facet joint
41
what is cervical disc prolapse
usually c5/6
42
what is thoracic prolapse
mainly t11/12
43
what is lumbar prolapse
usually l5/s1
44
what is cauda equine syndrome
surgical emergency-urgent MRI | sacral nerve roots are comprised which can lead to permanent damage
45
what are the symptoms of cauda equine syndrome
``` low back pain pain in one leg saddle paraesthesia incontience urinary retention ```
46
what causes cauda equine syndrome
central lumbar prolapse tumours epidural abscess infection
47
how to diagnose
MRI | lumbar CT
48
how to manage cauda equine syndrome
operate within 48 hours | discectomy
49
what are the ligaments of the spin
``` ant longitudinal post longitudinal ligamentum flavum interspinous supraspinous intertranservse ```
50
what is spinal claudication
due to marked narrowing o spinal canal with resulting pressure on cauda equine walking DOWN
51
what is spinal stenosis
abnormal narrowing of spinal canal
52
what types of spinal stenosis are there
lateral recess central foraminal
53
what is lateral recess stenosis
nerve is pinched as it leaves spinal canal nerve root injection epidural injection

Musculoskeletal System (34 decks)

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