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Bacte ulit kinangina > Spirochetes > Flashcards

Spirochetes Flashcards

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1
Q

Genus under Spirochetes

A
  1. Treponema
  2. Borrelia
  3. Leptospira
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2
Q

Spirochetes are ____ organisms

a. Gram positive
b. Gram negative
c. Acid fast

A

b. Gram negative

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3
Q

Motility of spirochetes

A

Corkscrew motility

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4
Q

Microscope used to visualize Treponema and Borrelia

a. Darkfield Microscope
b. Phase contrast microscope
c. Brightfield microscope
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

A

e. None of the above

Borrelia is the only genus under spirochetes that can be visualized using Bright field microscopy

Leptospira and Treponema are visualized using Dark field microscopy or Phase contrast microscopy

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5
Q

Stain used to identify Spirochetes

A

Silver stain

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6
Q

Spirochetes that multiplies by binary fission

A
  1. Borrelia
  2. Leptospira
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7
Q

Spirochetes that multiplies by transverse fission

A

Treponema

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8
Q

Blood Spirochetes

A

Borrelia

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9
Q

Tightly coiled with one (1) or both ends bent to form a hook

A

Leptospira

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10
Q

Describe appearance of Treponema spp. coils.

A
  1. Consist of 4-14 coils per organism
  2. Regularly spaced
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11
Q

This spirochetes is arthropod-borne and acquired through bites.

A

Borrelia

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12
Q

Describe appearance of Borrelia spp. coils.

A

Loosely coiled

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13
Q

Culture media used for cultivating Borrelia spp.

A

Kelly medium

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14
Q

Culture media used for cultivating Leptospira spp.

A

Fletcher’s medium

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15
Q

How is the viability of T. pallidum maintained?

A

Viability is maintained using testicular chancre or rabbits

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16
Q

T. pallidum is non-culturable in vitro.

a. True
b. False

A

a. True

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17
Q

Agent of syphilis

A

T. pallidum

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18
Q

Other terms for syphilis

A
  1. Great pox
  2. French disease
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19
Q

How is syphilis transmitted?

a. Sexually
b. Blood transfusion
c. Vertical transmission from mother to child
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

A

d. All of the above

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20
Q

How many stages does syphilis have?

A

Four (4) stages

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21
Q

Syphilis stage where there is absence of lesions or symptoms

A

Latent stage

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22
Q

Syphilis stage where the patient develops lesion in the genitalia

A

Primary stage

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23
Q

Syphilis stage where the patient develops extragenital lesions

A

Secondary stage

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24
Q

Syphilis stage where the patient develops lesion in deep organs of the body

A

Tertiary stage

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25
This is the primary syphilitic lesion
Hard chancre / Hunterian chancre
26
This is the secondary syphilitic lesion
Condyloma latum
27
What happens during the latent stage of syphilis?
Absence of lesions and symptoms but positive in blood test
28
This is the tertiary syphilitic lesion
Gumma's
29
Agent of STD
Treponema cuniculi
30
T. cuniculi is known for?
Venereal spirochetosis
31
This Treponema spp. causes Trench mouth
T. vincentii
32
Other term for Trench mouth
Vincent's stomatitis
33
What are the three (3) significant Treponema pallidum subspecies that cause non-venereal syphilis?
1. T. pallidum spp. pertenue 2. T. pallidum spp. carateum 3. T. pallidum spp. endemicum
34
Match: 1. T. pallidum spp. carateum 2. T. pallidum spp. pertenue 3. T. pallidum spp. endemicum a. Yaws b. Pinta c. Bejel
1-B 2-A 3-C
35
What is the mode of transmission of the three subspecies of T. pallidum?
Direct contact with lesions
36
Disease caused by the subspecies of T. pallidum is characterized by?
Presence of lesions in the body
37
Other term for Bejel disease
Endemicum syphilis
38
How is Borrelia detected?
1. Sero test 2. Examination of Giemsa stained smears
39
Borrelia spp. that causes Lyme Disease
Borrelia burgdorferi
40
Vector of Borrelia burgdorferri
Ixodes ticks aka Deer ticks or Black Legged ticks
41
This disease is described as tick-borne relapsing fever
Lyme Disease
42
How many stages are there in Lyme Disease?
Three stages
43
What happens during the third stage of Lyme Disease?
Chronic arthritis and development neurologic abnormalities/symptoms
44
What happens during the second stage of Lyme Disease?
Dissemination of ECM to other parts of the body
45
What happens during the first stage of Lyme Disease?
Develops bull’s eye rash in the bite site
46
Bull's eye rash is also known as
Erythema Chronicum Migrans (ECM)
47
Causative agent of louse-borne relapsing fever
B. recurrentis
48
Vector(s) of B. recurrentis
Pediculus spp. a. P. humanus capitis b. P. humanus corporis
49
Pediculus spp. known as head louse
P. humanus capitis
50
Pediculus spp. known as body louse
P. humanus corporis
51
Other agents of tick-borne relapsing fever that is transmitted by Ornithodoros ticks (soft ticks)
1. Borrelia duttonii 2. Borrelia parkeri 3. Borrelia hermsii
52
Media used for Leptospira
Fletcher's media
53
Hallmark of immune phase of Leptospirosis
Aseptic meningitis
54
Serologic gold standard for Leptospirosis detection
Microscopic agglutination test
55
What are the three tests that can be performed to detect Leptospirosis?
1. Serologic Test 2. Microscopy 3. Culture
56
Causative agent of Leptospirosis (human and animal)
Leptospira interrogans
57
What are the two (2) phases of Leptospirosis?
1. Anicteric phase 2. Icteric phase
58
This phase of leptospirosis is characterized by septicemia (high fever and headache)
Anicteric phase
59
This phase of leptospirosis is characterized by involvement of liver and kidney
Icteric phase
60
Specimen of choice for the 1st week of Leptospirosis infection
1. Blood 2. CSF
61
Specimen of choice for the 2nd week of Leptospirosis infection
Urine

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