Spirochetes

Question 1

“Spiro” means ____ and “chaete” means
____

Answer 1

“Spiro” means “coiled” and “chaete” means
“hair”

Question 2

Slender, spiral-shaped bacteria containing one or more complete rotations that forms a helix

Answer 2

SPIROCHETES

Question 3

-permit a corkscrew like motility on spirochetes

Answer 3

Periplasmic fibrils or axial filaments

Question 4

Most spirochetes species stain poorly with __ staining or ___ methods

Answer 4

Gram staining or Giemsa methods

Question 5

spirochetes spp are best observed with the use of

Answer 5

dark field or phase-contrast microscopy.

Question 6

spirochetes 3 genus

Answer 6

treponema, borrelia, leptospira

Question 7

treponema associated disease

Answer 7

syphilis, bejel, yaws, pinta

Question 8

borrelia associated disease

Answer 8

Lyme disease (borreliosis)
epidemic relapsing fever
endemic relapsing fever

Question 9

leptospira genus associated disease

Answer 9

leptospirosis (wells disease)

Question 10

Most prevalent of the nonvenereal (non sexually transmitted] treponematoses)

Answer 10

yaws

Question 11

Also called frambesia tropica, pian, parangi, paru, buba, or bouba

Answer 11

yaws

Question 12

yaws is caused by what subsp

Answer 12

T.pallidum subsp.Pertenue

Question 13

Contracted chiefly during childhood by direct contact, with breaks in the skin allowing entry pf treponemes

Answer 13

yaws

Question 14

also called bejel

Answer 14

Endemic Syphilis

Question 15

is a Nonvenereal chronic infection

Answer 15

Endemic Syphilis

Question 16

Endemic Syphilis is caused by what subsp

Answer 16

T.palidum subsp.endemicum

Question 17

transmitted by direct contact with active lesions, contaminated fingers, and eating or drinking utensils

Answer 17

endemic syphilis

Question 18

also called Carate, mal de pinto, azul

Answer 18

pinta

Question 19

pinta is caused by what subsp

Answer 19

t. carateum

Question 20

Via nonvenereal skin or mucous membrane contact

Answer 20

pinta

Question 21

manifestations of pinta

Answer 21

hypopigmented skin lesions

Question 22

Transmission of this disease occurs by direct contact with active lesions (sexual contact)

Answer 22

Syphilis

Question 23

second most common mode of infection of syphilis
may result when a latently infected female becomes pregnant, or when a pregnant woman becomes infected

Answer 23

Vertical transmission across the placenta,

Question 24

other ways of syphilis transmission

Answer 24

blood transfusion, needle stick, improper handling in the lab

Question 25

The word syphilis comes from a poem written in 1530 that described a mythical shepherd named ____, who was offlicted with the disease as punishment for cursing the gods.

Answer 25

Syphilus

Question 26

Stages of Syphilis

Answer 26

primary, secondary, tertiary

Question 27

stage where chance is characteristically ulcerated with raised, firm edges and a smooth base and is notable for absences of an exudate or pain

Answer 27

primary

Question 28

Appearance of the rash on the palms and soles is characteristic

Answer 28

secondary

Question 29

- tissue destruction - becomes evident decades after the primary infection

Answer 29

tertiary

Question 30

used for direct sampling of lesions for lab diagnosis of trepanematoses

Answer 30

darkfield microscopy

Question 31

Infections involved in tertiary spirochetes

Answer 31

Cardiovascular syphilis Syphilitic gummas Parenchymatous neurosyphilis

Question 32

Direct sampling of lesions

Answer 32

Darkfield Microscopy

Question 33

labeled antibodies specific for T.pallidum

Answer 33

Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)

Question 34

Lab diagnosis for Tissue fluid that has been dried and fixed to the slide

Answer 34

Fluorescence Microscopy

Question 35

These tests have been used traditionally to screen or disease and to monitor the course of the disease after treatment.

Answer 35

Nontreponemal Serologic Tests

Question 36

Nontreponemal Serologic standard tests include the

Answer 36

• **VDRL**, rapid plasma reagin (**RPR**), unheated serum reagin (**USR**), toluidine red unheated serum (**TRUST**) • **Wassermann** complement fixation test • **Kahn** tube flocculation test

Question 37

Treponemal Serologic Tests

Answer 37

• Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test (**FTA-ABS**) • Microhemagglutination - T.pallidum test (**MHA-TP**)