Splanchno Flashcards
(31 cards)
a 59 year old man with extensive, severe atherosclerosis sustains a thrombotic occlusion of the celiac trunk. the organs that receive their blood supply from this artery continue to function normally. anastomoses of which of the following pairs of arteries would explain this phenomenon?
a. right colic artery and middle colic artery
b. superior pancreaticoduodenal artery and inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
c. left gastric artery and right gastroepiploic artery
d. left gastroepiploic artery and right gastroepiploic artery
e. proper hepatic artery and gastroduodenal artery
e. proper hepatic artery and gastroduodenal artery
a 19 year old boy with ruptures spleen comes to the emergency department for splenectomy. soon after ligation of splenic artery just distal to its origin, a surgical resident observes that the patient is healing normally. normal blood flow would occur in which of the following arteries?
a. left gastroepiplonic artery
b. dorsal pancreatic artery
c. short gastric arteries
d. inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
e. artery in the lienorenal ligament
e. artery in the lienorenal ligament
a 54 year old woman has severe aortic incompetence, with the blood returning to the cavity of the left ventricle during ventricular diastole. To hear the aortic valve with the least interference from the other heart sounds, the best place to place your stethoscope on the chest wall is:
a. the medial end of the second left intercostal space
b. the right half of the lower end of body of sternum
c. the fifth left intercostal space 3.5 in. (9 cm) from midline
d. the medial end of second right intercostal space
e. the apex of the heart
d. the medial end of second right intercostal space
a 19 year old man with a ruptured appendix is sent to the emergency department for surgery. to cut off the blood supply to the appendix (if collateral circulation is discounted), a surgeon should ligate which of the following arteries?
a. pudendal artery
b. right colic artery
c. ileocolic colic artery
d. inferior mesenteric artery
e. middle colic artery
c. ileocolic colic artery
a 54 year old man with a long history of alcohol abuse presents to the emergency department with rapidly increasing abdominal distention most likely resulting from an alteration in portal systemic blood flow. which of the following characteristics is associated with the portal vein or portal venous system?
a. lower blood pressure than in IVC
b. least risk of venous varices because of portal hypertension
c. caput medusae and hemorrhoids caused by portal hypertension
d. distention of portal vein resulting from its numerous valves
e. less blood flow than in hepatic artery
c. caput medusae and hemorrhoids caused by portal hypertension
the anastomotic artery running along the border of the large intestine is called the:
a. coronary
b. arteriae rectae
c. marginal
d. arcade
e. ileocolic
c. marginal
occlusion of the inferior mesenteric artery is seldom symptomatic because its territory may be supplied by branches of the:
a. right colic
b. splenic
c. middle colic
d. gastroduodenal
e. ileocolic
c. middle colic
a 55 year old man comes to a hospital with abdominal pain, jaundice, loss of appetite and weight loss. on examination of his radiograms and CT scans, a physician finds a slowly growing tumor in the uncinate process of pancreas. which of the following structures is most likely compressed by his tumor?
a. main pancreatic duct
b. portal vein
c. superior mesenteric artery
d. splenic artery
e. superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
e. superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
how many jejunal arteries are directly originating from superior mesenteric artery?
a. 2
b. 6
c. 4
d. 10
e. 8
c. 4
which of the following statements regarding the divisions of the mediastinum is true?
a. the descending thoracic aorta is entirely in the middle mediastinum
b. the inferior mediastinum extends down the T4/T5 disc and is conventionally divided into 3 parts
c. the phrenic nerves run in the anterior compartment
d. the superior mediastinum lies above the level of T3/T4 intervertebral disc
e. the pericardial sac and its contents form the anterior mediastinum
b. the inferior mediastinum extends down the T4/T5 disc and is conventionally divided into 3 parts
which of the following statements regarding the nephron is correct?
a. renal corpuscles are present both in the cortex and in the medullary part of the kidney
b. juxtamedullary nephrons form very long loops of Henle
c. ultrafiltration takes place in the convoluted tubules
d. cortical nephrons have the greatest ability in concentrating urine
e. the glomerulus is the anatomical structure in which secretion and reabsorption of urine mainly occur
b. juxtamedullary nephrons form very long loops of Henle
if the common hepatic artery is unavoidably ligated during surgery, the arterial supply to the liver is maintained by the following anastomotic connections except which?
a. the gastroduodenal artery anastomosing with the splenic artery
b. the esophageal arteries anastomosing with the inferior phrenic arteries
c. the right gastric artery anastomosing with the left gastric artery
d. the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery anastomosing with the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
e. the right gastroepiploic artery anastomosing with the left gastroepiploic artery
c. the right gastric artery anastomosing with the left gastric artery
which of the following statements about the surface anatomy of the chest is correct?
a. the body of the sternum overlies the heart at the heart at the level of T5-T8
b. the manubriosternal joint is at the level of the junction of T3 and T4
c. the manubrium overlies the aortic arch at the level of T4-T5
d. the most prominent vertebral spinous process encountered when palpating the spine is that of C6
e. the xiphisternal joint is at level of T12-L1
e. the xiphisternal joint is at level of T12-L1
which of the following arteries is supplying the midgut?
a. inferior mesenteric
b. superior mesenteric
c. celiac trunk
d. splenic
e. hepatic
b. superior mesenteric
consider the surface markings of the pleura, which of the following is correct?
a. the right and left pleura come into contact in the midline at the level of the jugular notch
b. pleura terminates above the level of the 12th rib
c. the left pleura arches laterally at the level of 4th costal cartilage
d. right pleura passes across the 10th rib in anterior axillary line
e. apex of pleura is approximately level with clavicle
e. apex of pleura is approximately level with clavicle
the primary hypophyseal capillary plexus is formed by:
a. dorsal and ventral hypophyseal arteries
b. right and left inferior hypothalamic arteries
c. posterior and anterior hypophyseal arteries
d. superior hypophyseal arteries
e. right and left hypothalamic veins
d. superior hypophyseal arteries
the suprarenal glands are located between the superomedial aspects of the kidneys and which of the following structures?
a. diaphragm
b. neck of pancreas
c. first part of duodenum
d. mesentery
e. quadrate lobe of liver
a. diaphragm
all of the following statements correctly apply to the right coronary artery except:
a. arises from the arch of aorta
b. runs in coronary sulcus
c. typically supplies the SA node in around 60% of people
d. typically supplies the AV node in around 80% of people
e. dominance is typical
a. arises from the arch of aorta
each of the following statements about the parotid gland is true except:
a. it has well developed duct system
b. produces about 25% of all salivary secretions
c. predominantly composed of serous acini
d. its secretions contain lysozymes
e. it has a well-developed capsule
e. it has a well-developed capsule
bronchi of the lung contain the following except:
a. clara cells
b. small granule cells
c. goblet cells
d. cartilage plates
e. ciliated cells
b. small granule cells
the following statements about the stomach are true except:
a. the adventitia is coated with a mesothelium
b. mucous neck cells are present in upper parts of gastric glands
c. the pyloric muscularis is similar to that of fundus
d. chief cells secrete pepsinogen
e. parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid
c. the pyloric muscularis is similar to that of fundus
the following statements about the alveolar epithelium are true except:
a. alveolar epithelial cells are closely associated with capillary endothelium
b. type I and II cells are joined by junctional complexes
c. type II cells contain multi lamellar bodies
d. epithelium rests on a well-developed basement membrane
e. goblet cells are present in alveoli
e. goblet cells are present in alveoli
when are decisuous canines lost?
a. 14 years
b. 18 months
c. 11 years
d. 7 years
e. 9 years
e. 9 years
hepatocytes are characterized by:
a. contain few mitochondria
b. show cilia in the space of Disse
c. absence of glycogen
d. surrounded by Bowman’s membrane
e. one or two pale vesicular nuclei
e. one or two pale vesicular nuclei
