Spring 2021

Question 1

The vital capacity of the lungs includes which lung volumes?
a. TV, FRV, expiratory reserve volumes?
b. TV, ex RV, insp RV
c. TV, residual volume, insp RV
D. TV, RV, exp RV

Answer 1

B: tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume, inspiratory reserve volume

Question 2

Anatomic dead space in the lung is defined as:
a. the portion of tidal volume that relies upon diffusion for gas flow
b. the portion of the airways that contains occasional alveolar buds
c. one third of the tidal volume
d. the volume of the conducting airways

Answer 2

D: the volume of the conducting airways

Question 3

For a patient in sternal recumbency, the regional ventilation and perfusion for the dorsal region of the lung can be described as:
a. Low V, low Q
B. low v high Q
C. high V low Q
D. high V high Q

Answer 3

A. low V low Q

Question 4

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the natural barrier of the stomach that consists of mucus, gel, bicarbonate and surfactant phospholipids
a. the layer is known as the stirred layer
b. the layer prevents penetration of pepsin
c. the layer cannot be penetrated by bile salts
d. the layer contains peptides that decrease gel viscosity

Answer 4

b. the layer prevents penetration of pepsin

Question 5

Within the stomach, prostaglandins
a. inhibit acid secretion from chief cells
b. stimulate bicarb secretion from parietal cells
c. promote mast cell activation
d. preserve tight junctions between epithelial cells

Answer 5

d. preserve tight junctions between epithelial cells

Question 6

When suturing small intestines which layer is the primary holding layer?
A. serosa
b. muscular
c. submucosa
d. mucosa

Answer 6

submucosa

Question 7

which of the following hormones increases the release of free fatty acids from adipocytes?
a. epinephrine
b. insulin
c. e-series prostaglandings
d. dopamine

Answer 7

a. epinephrine

Question 8

Under physiologic conditions, where does the activation of pancreatic zymogens occur?
a. pancreatic duct
b. pancreatic acing cells
c. gastric lumen
d. duodenum

Answer 8

Duodenum

Question 9

Trypsinogen is activated by the enzyme ____, secreted by the intestinal mucosa in response to chyme in contact with the GI mucosa?
a. enterkinase
b. trypsin
c. chymotrypsinogen
d. amylase

Answer 9

A. enterokinase