S.rep. In Flowering Plants (nb included)

Question 1

Protection of essential whorls in bud conditions is the function of ?

Answer 1

Calyx (sepals).

Question 2

What are osmophores?

Answer 2

Glands present on petal that produce few volatile secretion i.e flavinoids which result in fragrance.

Question 3

Advertisement flag is found in ______?

Answer 3

Musanda, in which one of the petal enlarges in size & becomes brightly coloured to attract pollinators.

Question 4

Butterfly shaped corolla i.e vexillary aestivation is found in

Answer 4

Leguminous plants ( pea, beans)

Question 5

Generally stamen is bithecous (2 anther lobes) but in ______ it is monothecous.

Answer 5

In malvaceae family (cotton family).

Monothecous = 1 anther lobe = 2 pollen sacs i.e bisporangiate.

Question 6

Study of pollen grains is called

Answer 6

Palynology

Question 7

Father of palynology is

Answer 7

Erdtman.

Question 8

Covering around pollen grain is called

Answer 8

Sporoderm has 2 layers- Intine & exine.

Question 9

Inner smooth covering m/o cellulose & pectin is called

Answer 9

Intine.

Question 10

Formation of pollen tube is the function of Intine/Exine.

Answer 10

Intine.

Question 11

Exine is

Answer 11

Outer rough covering m/o sporopollenin (most resistant substance in biological world).

Question 12

___________ is the most resistant substance in biological world.

Answer 12

Sporopollenin.
It helps in fossilisation of pollen grains.
Absent in pollen grains of zostera.

Question 13

Regions through which pollen tube emerges out is called

Answer 13

Aperture.

Question 14

Pollen grain having 
a) 1 apperture     
b) 2 appertures
c) more than 2 appertures
d) no apperture 
Is called?

Answer 14

1 apperture = monotreme
2 appertures = ditreme
No apperture = atreme
More than 2 appertures =polytreme

Question 15

Monocots are 
🥇Monocolpate 
🥈Bicolpate 
🥉Tricolpate
🏅NOT

Answer 15

Monocolpate i.e have 1 large circular (colpa type) apperture.

Question 16

Dicots are tricolpate .

T/F

Answer 16

T.

Dicots are tricolpate i.e have 3 large circular (colpa type) appertures.

Question 17

In 60% angiosperms, pollen grains are shed at ___ celled stage.

Answer 17

2-celled stage.

Question 18

Anther wall consists of ___ layers. Name them in order.

Answer 18

4 layers:
Epidermis (outermost)
Endothecium ( hvng deposition on radial & inner tangential walls)
Middle layers 
Tapetum ( nourishing tissue, innermost)

Question 19

Endothecium has deposition of ___________ on ____ walls.

Answer 19

Deposition of α-cellulosic fibres on radial & inner tangential walls.

Question 20

__________ has role on dehiscence of anther.

Answer 20

Endothecium

Question 21

Reasons for high DNA content in tapetal cells include:

a) endomitosis
b) restitution endonuclei
c) polyteny
d) all of these

Answer 21

All of these.

Question 22

Tapetal cells are : 
Extra large sized
Having dense cytoplasm 
Prominant nucleus
Polygonal in shape 
High DNA content 
How many of the statements given above are correct?

Answer 22

All are correct.

Question 23

Give few functions of tapetal cells?

Answer 23

1. Nourishing tissue -only path of transport of nutrients from middle layers to pollen grain.
2. Produces callase for breakdown of callose wall.
3. Produces ubish bodies that secrete sporopollenin.
4. Produces tryphine ( for specie specific recognition).
5. Secrete flavinoids, lipids,carbohydrates = pollen kit = sticky nature & protection from UV rays.
6. Defective tapetum results in non-viable seeds.

Question 24

Amoeboid tapetum (primitive type) is found in

Answer 24

Typha

Potamogeton

Question 25

Secretory tapetum (advanced type) is found in

Answer 25

Mostly found in monocots.

Question 26

Dicuss microsporogenesis phase 1 ( formation of microsporangia)?

Answer 26

Immature anther ——> hormonal imbalance causing irregular rate of division ——> tetragonal str. ——>differentiation of cells into large sized cells with high cytoplasmic density & prominant nucleus c/d archesporial cells ——> periclinal division into PPC’s & PSC’s ——>PPC repeated periclinal & anticlinal division ——> anther wall & PSC repeated mitosis ——>PMC’s ``` PPC = primary parietal cells PSC = primary sporogenous cells ```

Question 27

Origin of anther wall ( endothecium, tapetum, middle layers) is

Answer 27

PPC’s (primary parietal cells)

Question 28

Origin of PMC is

Answer 28

PSC’s (primary sporogenous cells)

Question 29

Origin of PPC’s & PSC’s is

Answer 29

Archeosporial cells

Question 30

Most common arrangement of microspores is

Answer 30

Tetrahedral type ( in dicots).

Question 31

Most advanced type of arrangement of microspores is

Answer 31

Isobilateral (in monocots)

Question 32

In-vitro germination of pollen grains is k/a

Answer 32

Hanging drop experiment. | for example pea, chick pea.

Question 33

In plants fertilization was discovered by

Answer 33

Strasburger.

Question 34

Double fertilization in angiosperms was discovered by

Answer 34

Nawaschin in Lilium and fritillaria.

Question 35

____,____,____ are angiosperms that lack double fertilization therefore don’t have endosperm.

Answer 35

Trapaceae Orchidaceae Podostemonaceae

Question 36

Siphinogammy (fert. hvng facility of pollen tube) in angiosperms was discovered by

Answer 36

Amici from Portuluca.

Question 37

Movement of pollen tube towards a specific ovule is guided by

Answer 37

CBIS-complex i.e calcium-boron-inositol-sugar complex. | Obturator (guiding tissue that arises from funiculus of ovule).

Question 38

Polysiphinous condition is observed in

Answer 38

Malvaceae and cucurbitaceae. | I.e more than 1 pollen tube arises from 1 pollen grain.

Question 39

Entry of pollen tube into ovule occurs through

Answer 39

``` Micropylar end (porogammy) Chlazal end (chlazogammy/basogammy) Sides or integuments (mesogammy) Ovule comes out to receive pollen tube (acrogammy) ```

Question 40

Entry of pollen tube into embryo sac occurs through

Answer 40

Micropylar end only. | Bcz of presence of synergids at micropylar end

Question 41

Father of plant embryology is

Answer 41

Rudolf camerarius.

Question 42

Father of indian plant embryology is

Answer 42

P.Maheshwari

Question 43

Anemophilly occurs in

Answer 43

Pollination by wind occurs in Grasses (maize, lawn grass) Higher plants ( willow,populus) Gymnosperms

Question 44

Sulphur shower phenomenon (shower of golden dust) is shown by

Answer 44

Pinus.

Question 45

Pollen allergy is caused by

Answer 45

Parthenium Amaranthus Chenopodium Russian populus.

Question 46

Epihydrophilly is seen in

Answer 46

Vellisneria (tape grass) | Pollination occurs on surface of water.

Question 47

Hypohydrophilly is seen in

Answer 47

Zostera (sea-grass) | Pollination occurs under the surface of water.

Question 48

Distyly is controlled by

Answer 48

S-gene

Question 49

Tristyly is controlled by

Answer 49

S-gene and M-gene

Question 50

Gametophytic form of self-incompatibility is found in

Answer 50

Solanaceae Liliaceae Poaceae

Question 51

Sporophytic form of self-incompatibility is seen in

Answer 51

Brassicaceae | Asteraceae

Question 52

For fertilization, S-alleles present on pollen grain and stigmatic surface should be

Answer 52

Opposite (different) as suggested by opposite S-allele hypothesis.

Question 53

70% pollination occurs by

Answer 53

Insects (entemophilly). | Major pollinator are bees that carry 80% of entemophilly.

Question 54

Entemophillous plants are

Answer 54

``` Sunflower Rose Amorphophallus Salvia Yucca Aristolochia ```

Question 55

Reward for pollinators is:

Answer 55

Food =Nectar and sometimes pollen grains also. | Shelter

Question 56

Pseudocoulation mechanism of entemophilly occurs in

Answer 56

Group of plants called Ophrys.

Question 57

Turn pipe mech. of entemophilly is seen in

Answer 57

Salvia (sage plant)

Question 58

Trap door mechanism is seen in

Answer 58

Fig (ficus carica).

Question 59

Fly trap mech. Of entemophilly is seen in

Answer 59

Rafflesia Arums Aristolochia *(modified form of fly trap mech. k/a pit fall mechanism).

Question 60

Translator mechanism of entemophilly is seen in

Answer 60

Calotropis.

Question 61

Zoophilly occurs in

Answer 61

Revenula by lemur. | Flax by lizards

Question 62

Ornithophilly (by birds) occurs in

Answer 62

Silk-cotton (bombax).

Question 63

Ophiophilly (by snakes) occurs in

Answer 63

Santalum.

Question 64

Malacophilly (by snails) occurs in

Answer 64

Arisemia (cobra plant).

Question 65

Chiropterophilly (by bats) occurs in

Answer 65

Adansonia | Banana

Question 66

Mirmecophilly ( by ants) occurs in

Answer 66

Australian acacia.

Question 67

Factors affecting viability of pollen grains is/are

Answer 67

Pollen cytology Temperature Humidity

Question 68

Plants that show both cleistogammy (closed flowers) and chasmogamous flowers (open flowers) are

Answer 68

Commelina Oxalis Viola

Question 69

Most primitive type of ovule is

Answer 69

Orthotropous (straight ovule) | for example Gymnosperms, polygonum.

Question 70

Horse shoe shaped ovule is

Answer 70

Amphytropous (curvature in body as well as embryo sac) | for example butomaceae.

Question 71

Most common type of ovule is

Answer 71

Anatropous (inverted ovule = 180 °) found in 85% angiosperms. for example gamopetallae

Question 72

Type of ovule found in opuntia is

Answer 72

Circinotropous ( 360 ° )

Question 73

Type of ovule found in Ranunculus is

Answer 73

Hemi-anatropous (½-inverted =90 °)

Question 74

Type of ovule found in leguminaceae is

Answer 74

Campylotropous (curvature in body).