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Genpath Lec > Staining II > Flashcards

Staining II Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

An ___ medium is used for differentiation
after an acid dye

A

alkaline medium

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2
Q

natural dye that is extracted from the
core of heartwood of the tree Haematoxvlon champechianum

A

Hematoxylin

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3
Q

by far the most valuable staining
reagent used by the cytologist due to its
powerful nuclear and active coloring
agent

A

Hematoxylin

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4
Q

formed by Oxidation of Hematoxylin

A

Hematin

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5
Q

Usually done by exposing the substance
to air and sunlight, thereby oxidizing
hematoxylin

A

RIPENING

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6
Q

Ripening has a slow process ___ months but it can be accelerated by adding strong oxidizing agents

A

(3-4 months)

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7
Q

Without a mordant, ripened hematoxylin
is almost useless because of its ____ for tissue itself

A

inherent low affinity

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8
Q

The complex of stain and mordant is called
a

A

“LAKE”

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9
Q

Most commonly used mordant

A

Aluminum

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10
Q

Aluminum Gives a ___ appearance

A

blue lake

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11
Q

Increase the selectivity for nuclei, especially if acid is added or used as a differentiating agent

A

Aluminum

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12
Q

common staining solution method

A
  • hematoxylin
  • eosin
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13
Q

Examples of mordant used in hematoxylin staining

A

-Tungsten/Phototungstic acid (PTAH)
-Aluminum
-Ferric salt
-Iron
-Chromium
-Copper

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14
Q

Causes an intense blue-black appearance when used as a mordant

A

Ferric salt

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15
Q

A red acid dye used for cytoplasm
differentially

A

Eosin

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16
Q

Commonly used as a background orcontrast stain because it gives a leasing and useful contrast to nuclear stains such as hematoxylin

A

Eosin

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17
Q

Examples of eosin

A

Eosin Y
Eosin B
Eosin S/ Ethyl Eosin

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18
Q

most commonly used eosin dye

A

Eosin Y

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19
Q

most rarely used

A

Eosin B

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20
Q

rarely used

A

Eosin S/ Ethyl Eosin

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21
Q

Cytoplasms and proteins in edema fluid color reaction in H&E staining color reaction

A

Pale pink

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22
Q

Appear pink in H & E STAINING COLOR REACTION

A

. Decalcified bone
Osteoid
Collagen

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23
Q

Appear deep pink in H & E STAINING COLOR REACTION

A

Muscle fiber

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24
Q

Appear bright orange to red in H & E STAINING COLOR REACTION

A

RBC
Eosinophil granules
Keratin

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25
Appear purplish blue in H& E
Calcium & Calcified bone
26
Appear purplish pink in H& E
Plasma cells Osteoblast Basophilic cytoplasm
27
Appear dark blue in H&E
Karyosome
28
Appear blue to blue black in H&E
Nucleus
29
appear light blue to dark blue
Cartilage
30
a specialized fixative used in **frozen section** which serves to localize antigens and hydrolytic enzymes
Formol Calcium
31
Formal calcium is also used for preservation of
lipids
32
It is similar with H and E technique but the **differentiation stage** is **omitted**
Modified H and E Technique
33
commonly used for Pap-smear procedure (to detect vaginal cancer, uterine cancer etc.,)
Papanicolaou Stain
34
Papanicolaou Stain makes use of 3 stains:
Hematoxylin, OG-6 (orange green), Eosin Azure
35
For staining nuclear structures (Papanicolaou Stain)
Hematoxylin
36
- for staining cytoplasm (Papanicolaou Stain)
OG-6 (orange green)
37
for staining cytoplasm of immature cells (ex. Intermediate and Parabasal cells) in Papanicolaou Stain
Eosin Azure
38
Composition of eosin azure
Eosin, Bismarck brown, Lithium carbonate, PTA, Light green stain
39
the different subtypes of light green stain
36, 50 ,65
40
It omitted the Bismarck brown dye for the eosin azure (EA) solution
Modified Pap's Stain
41
mixture of **picric acid** and **acid fuchsin** for the demonstration of Connective tissues, Mucin and Elastic tissue
Van Gieson's (Acid fuchsin picric acid)
42
basic acridine fluorochrome which permits discrimination between dead and living cells
Acridine Orange
43
Acridine Orange gives ____ fluorescence for DNA and a ___ fluorescence for RNA
Green for DNA, Red for RNA
44
For calcium salts and phosphatase activity
Acridine Red 3B
45
Stain acid mucopolysaccharides
Alcian Blue
46
More specific for connective tissue and epithelial mucin
Alcian Blue
47
cytoplasmic stain used for counterstaining of epithelial sections
Aniline Blue
48
Basic Fuchsin includes
Carbol fuchsin Coleman's Feulgen Schiff's Mallory’s fuchsin Aldehyde fuchsin Gomori's
49
A **plasma stain** utilized also for deep staining of acid fast organisms mitochondria, and differentiation of smooth muscles with the use of **picric acid**
Basic Fuchsin
50
Used for staining haemoglobin
Benzidine
51
Used for contrast stain for **Gram's** technique, **acid fast** and **Papanicolau** method
Bismarck brown
52
Bismarck brown is used for staining
diphtheria
53
Used as chromatin stain for fresh materials in smear preparations
Carmine
54
Best carmine is combined with __ to stain ____
aluminum chloride to stain glycogen
55
A **mordanted dye** acting as a basic dye and staining acid substances
Mayer's Carmalum solution
56
Recommended for routine staining of fixed sections
Celestine Blue
57
Congo red is best known as _
Indicator
58
- May be utilized as a stain for axis cylinders in embryos - and for staining elastic tissues, amyloid and myelin (**Krajian's method**)
Congo red
59
A nuclear or chromatin stain used for staining amyloid in frozen sections and platelets
Crystal violet
60
Gentian violet is a mixture of
crystal violet, methy/ violet and dextrin
61
Used for staining blood to differentiate leukocytes
Giemsa
62
Used for metallic impregnation, made up of gold chloride and mercuric chloride
Gold Sublimate
63
The OLDEST of all stains
lodine (Gram's, Lugol's)
64
the MOST POWERFUL stain
Janus Green B
65
- used as a contrast for staining ascaris eggs and erythrocytes - used as a bacterial spore stain
Malachite Green
66
Stains chromatin green in the presence of an acid
Methyl Green
67
Plasma cells, fresh sputum for malignant cells, evaluation, and differentiation of bacterial organisms
Methylene Blue
68
used in frozen sections for rapid diagnosis
Loeffler's Polychrome Methylene Blue
69
coloring nuclei of leukocytes reddish-purple in presence of methylene blue
Methylene Violet
70
for observing cell granules and vacuoles of phagocytic cell
Neutral Red
71
Substitute for carbol fuchsin in acid-fast staining
Night Blue
72
- An excellent stain for Elastic fibers - Demonstrates the finest and most delicate fiber in skin (dermatological studies)
Orcein
73
• used as fixative • used to stain fats
Osmium Tetroxide
74
Normally utilized for the manufacture of paints
Prussian blue
75
Used as **microanatomical contrast** for demonstration for the **circulatory system** by injection (intravital staining)
Prussian blue
76
Used with **osmic acid** to fix and stain **blood and glandular tissues**
Rhodamine B
77
Used in identification for **Spirochetes** reticulum, and other fiber stains
Silver Nitrate
78
Recommended for staining of **Nissl granules** or **chromophilic bodies**; nuclear stain for fixed tissues
Toluidine Blue
79
Toluidine blue is used as a substitute for - in fresh tissue sections
thionin
80
Demonstration of **neuroglia** in frozen sections
Victoria blue
81
Red Cytoplasmic Counterstains (pree)
Phloxine B Rose Bengal Eosin Y Eosin B
82
Yellow Cytoplasmic Counterstains (po)
Picric acid Orange G
83
Green Cytoplasmic Counterstains (LL)
Light green SF Lissamine green
84
Red Nuclear Counterstains (cns)
Carmine Neutral red Safranin
85
Blue Nuclear Counterstains
Methylene blue Toluidine blue Celestine blue Hematoxylin
86
Lysochromes or Oil Soluble Dyes
Sudan Black B (SBB) Sudan IV or Sharlach R Sudan Ill
87
Greatest affinity for **phospholipid** or **neutral fats** (triglycerides)
Sudan IV or Sharlach R
88
Do not color phospholipids and fine lipid droplets
Sudan IV or Sharlach R
89
• First Sudan dye introduced into Histochemistry • Fat soluble
Sudan III
90
Sudan III is a good stain for the?
CNS

Genpath Lec (3 decks)

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