STAINING OF BACTERIAL CELLS

Question 1

HISS, ANTHONY’S, TYLER, MUIR

Answer 1

CAPSULAR STAINS

Question 2

DORNER’S, SCHAEFFER and FULTON, WIRTZ and CONKLIN

Answer 2

SPORE STAIN

Question 3

GRAYS, FISHER and CONN, LEIFSON

Answer 3

FLAGELLA

Question 4

ALBERT’S, NEISSER, LJUBINSKY, PONDER, METHYLENE BLUE, LINDERGRAN, BURKE’S TECHNIQUE

Answer 4

METACHROMATIC GRANULES

Question 5

WAYSON STAIN, METHYLENE BLUE

Answer 5

POLAR BODIES

Question 6

LEVADITI’S

Answer 6

SPIROCHETES

Question 7

PRIMARY STAIN for gram staining

Answer 7

CRYSTAL VIOLET

Question 8

MORDANT for gram staining

Answer 8

GRAM’S IODINE

Question 9

DECOLORIZER for gram staining

Answer 9

ACETONE-ALCOHOL

Question 10

COUNTERSTAIN / SECONDARY STAIN for gram staining

Answer 10

SAFRANIN

Question 11

color of GRAM POSITIVE organisms in GS

GS = GRAM STAIN

Answer 11

VIOLET/PURPLE

Question 12

color of GRAM-NEGATIVE organisms in GS

Answer 12

RED

or pink

Question 13

MOST CRITICAL STEP in GRAM STAINING

Answer 13

DECOLORIZATION

Question 14

in HUCKER’S MODIFICATION GRAM STAINING for Fungi, what is added to CRYSTAL VIOLET?

Answer 14

AMMONIUM OXALATE

Question 15

in what method is AMMONIUM OXALATE added to Crystal Violet?

Answer 15

HUCKER’S MODIFICATION GRAM STAINING for fungi

Question 16

acid fast staining method BEST FOR DIRECT SPUTUM SMEAR MICROSCOPY (DSSM)

Answer 16

ZEIHL-NEELSEN (HOT METHOD)

Question 17

MOST SENSITIVE AFS method

AFS = ACID FAST STAINING

Answer 17

AURAMINE-RHODAMINE

Question 18

PRIMARY STAIN for Zeihl Neelsen

Answer 18

CARBOL FUSCHIN

Question 19

MORDANT for Ziehl Neelsen

Answer 19

HEAT/STEAM

Question 20

DECOLORIZER for Ziehl Neelsen

Answer 20

3% ACID ALCOHOL

Question 21

COUNTERSTAIN for Ziehl Neelsen

Answer 21

METHYLENE BLUE

Question 22

PRIMARY STAIN for Kinyoun mtd

Answer 22

CARBOL FUCHSIN

Question 23

WETTING AGENT in Kinyoun mtd

Answer 23

TERGITOL

Question 24

DECOLORIZER in Kinyoun mtd

Answer 24

3% ACID ALCOHOL

Question 25

**COUNTERSTAIN** in Kinyoun mtd

Answer 25

METHYLENE BLUE

Question 26

may be used as a **SUBSTITUTE FOR METHYLENE BLUE COUNTERSTAIN**

Answer 26

MALACHITE GREEN

Question 27

result of **ACID FAST ORGANISMS** using Ziehl Neelsen and Kinyoun mtds

Answer 27

**RED** against **BLUE BACKGROUND**

Question 28

**PRIMARY STAIN** for Auramine-Rhodamine method

Answer 28

AURAMINE-RHODAMINE

Question 29

**MORDANT** for Auramine-Rhodamine mtd

Answer 29

NONE ❗

Question 30

**DECOLORIZER** for Auramine-Rhodamine method

Answer 30

**0.5%** ACID ALCOHOL

Question 31

**COUNTERSTAIN** for Auramine-Rhodamine mtd

Answer 31

0.5% KMnO4 | POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE

Question 32

smears from Auramine-Rhodamine can be viewed under what objective?

Answer 32

LPO

Question 33

smears from HOT & COLD mtd can be viewed under what objective?

Answer 33

OIO

Question 34

**ACID FASTNESS** is due to **HYDROXYMETHOXY ACID** or...?

Answer 34

MYCOLIC ACID

Question 35

another term for **MYCOLIC ACID**

Answer 35

HYDROXYMETHOXY ACID

Question 36

size of sputum smear in AFS

Answer 36

2 x 3 **cm**

Question 37

before reporting a **truly negative result in AFS**, how many fields must be examined first?

Answer 37

300 FIELDS

Question 38

can be used as a **COUNTERSTAIN** in **FLUOROCHROME METHOD**

Answer 38

ACRIDINE ORANGE

Question 39

AFS method used to differentiate ***M. smegmatis*** from ***M. tuberculosis***

Answer 39

PAPPENHEIM'S

Question 40

AFS method used to differentiate ***M. leprae*** from ***M. tuberculosis***

Answer 40

BAUMGARTEN'S

Question 41

method used to stain ***M. leprae***

Answer 41

FITE FARACO

Question 42

in Fite Faraco, what is used as a **COUNTERSTAIN**?

Answer 42

HEMATOXYLIN