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Human Gait > Stairs > Flashcards

Stairs Flashcards

(42 cards)

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1
Q

when ascending stairs, what are the steps?

A
  • stance limb supports and elevates body as swing limb passes:
  • riser, tread, and riser of next stair.
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2
Q

requirements of stair ascent?

A

stance limb must preserve stability and lift body mass while swing limb flexes to advance to the next higher stair

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3
Q

what are the phases of stair ascent?

A
  • Weight Acceptance
  • Single Limb Support
  • Swing Limb Advancement
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4
Q

what mobility is required for WA with stair ascent?

A

Hip = 50-60° FL, Knee = 50-70° FL, Ankle = 5-10° DF

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5
Q

during stair ascent, when does rapid hip/knee extension occur w/ increase of 5° DF?

A

LR –> MSt

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6
Q

what muscles are working during WA stair ascent?

A
  • lower glute max
  • adductor mag
  • upp. glute max
  • glute med
  • quads
  • hammies
  • soleus
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7
Q

what are the lower glute max and adductor magnus doing during WA stair ascent?

A

strong hip extension

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8
Q

what are the upper glute max and glute med doing during WA stair ascent?

A

strong lateral pelvic stabilization

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9
Q

what are the quads doing during WA stair ascent?

A

peak activity for shock absorption –> moves into strong knee extension

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10
Q

what are the hammies doing during WA stair ascent?

A

low level activation augments hip extension & resists anterior tib movement

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11
Q

what is soleus doing during WA stair ascent?

A

strongly active until contralateral toe off

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12
Q

what mobility is required for SLS with stair ascent?

A

rapid hip/knee extension. minimal hip/knee flexion. ankle DF decreases from 12° to 0°.

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13
Q

what muscles are working during SLS stair ascent?

A
  • glute max, adduc. long.
  • quads
  • BFLH & semimem
  • BFSH
  • gastroc/soleus
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14
Q

what are glute max and adduc. long. doing during SLS stair ascent?

A

decreasing concentric hip extension

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15
Q

what are the quads doing during SLS stair ascent?

A

decreasing concentric knee extension

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16
Q

what are BFLH and semimem doing during SLS stair ascent?

A

augment control of hip and knee extension

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17
Q

what is BFSH doing during SLS stair ascent?

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A

assists w/ knee flexion at end of SLS

18
Q

what are gastroc/soleus doing during SLS stair ascent?

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A

increased activation to control tibia

19
Q

what mobility is required for SLA with stair ascent?

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A

ankle rapidly PF to 20° PF. Hip/Knee ~10°F until end of preswing

20
Q

what additional ROM is occuring for SLA with stair ascent?

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A

Hip = 65-70° FL, Knee = 80-95° FL, Ankle = 5-10° DF

21
Q

what muscles are working during SLA stair ascent?

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A
  • BFSH
  • gastroc/soleus
  • anterior tib
  • vastii & hip extensors
22
Q

what is BFSH doing during SLA stair ascent?

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A

Early SLA: facilitates knee flexion to clear. Turns off in TSw as quads come on

23
Q

what is gastroc/soleus doing during SLA stair ascent?

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A

early SLA: increased activation to transfer body weight to leading limb

24
Q

what is anterior tib doing during SLA stair ascent?

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A

as foot lifts: dorsiflexion for foot clearance

25
what are vastii & hip extensors doing during SLA stair ascent?
late SLA: active in preparatin for WA
26
what is our biggest concern with descending stairs?
not falling down
27
what do we need to control with going down stairs?
control the rate of descent
28
where does the biggest mobility demand come from when going down stairs?
the knee -(quads) flexion ROM and muscle control
29
where does the second biggest mobility come from when going down stairs?
ankle dorsiflexion - fulcrum for modification of limb alignment
30
where does the lowest mobility demand come from when going down stairs?
hip - assists with lowering of body and advancing limb
31
At stair descent, WA, what does the ankle do?
- forefoot contact followed by rapid loading - ankle 20° PF --> 10° DF - controlled lowering of body and shock absorption
32
at stair descent, WA, what does the knee do?
- 10-15° FL - knee extensors active
33
at stair descent, WA, what does the hip do?
hip is stabilized at 20* FL - peak glute max, glute med, and TFL
34
which limb has primary control of descent in SLS?
stance limb
35
At stair descent, SLS, what does the ankle do?
- reaches 20° DF - TA and soleus co-contract to provide stable base & restrain descent
36
at stair descent, SLS, what does the knee do?
knee extensors function to control rate of lowering HAT
37
at stair descent, SLS, what does the hip do?
hip flexion increases to lower HAT & opposite limb
38
At stair descent, SLA, what does the ankle do?
- 20° DF --> 5° DF --> 0° --> 20° PF - initial PF motion from 20DF to 5DF due to elastic recoil in PF muscles - peak TA activity at ISw to achieve 0°, followed by 20°PF @ end of SLA - co-contract of PF and DF prepare to stabilize for WA
39
at stair descent, SLA, what does the knee do?
- peak 105-110° needed - controlled by vastus lateralis initially - once foot cleared, knee progressively extends - hammies come on during ISw to control rate of knee ext. and positioning of leg on next step - vastii & rec fem activity to prepare for loading in WA
40
at stair descent, SLA, what does the hip do?
- peak 40° FL needed - gradual decrease to 20° for IC - hammie activity starts during initial swing and continues - hip extensors prepare for demands of WA
41
for stair ascending/descending, what are some environmental external influences?
- stair height, depth, steepness - ROM and max. flexion angles of hip, knee, and ankles (these all increase w/ steeper steps)
42
for stair ascending/descending, what are some human anthropometric external influences?
- human height - (shorter peeps use more knee flexion during ascent compared to taller) and have faster stair cadence - age

Human Gait (21 decks)

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